The Chicago Manual of Style

(CMS)
 1891 University of Chicago Press opened

 University of Chicago Press - Scholars’ bad

handwriting needed uniform structure, etc.

 Started as pamphlet

 1906 (Oldest Style Guide)

 Used to uniformly format papers and
document sources

 Was not made with any specific discipline in

mind

 Adopted primarily by the History community

& some humanities
 Full title of your paper
 Your name
 Course title
 Instructor’s name
 The date
 Title

 Name

 Class,
Instructor,
& Date
 Arabic Numerals
 Upper right hand corner
 Don’t number the title page
 First page after title page is
page 2
 Putting the title or your name
with the page number up to the
instructor.

Example from http://bcs.bedfordstmartins.com/

 Left align
 Double spaced
 At least 1 inch margins all around
 Capitalize all words except:
◦ Articles (a, an, the)
◦ Prepositions (at, from, between, and so on)
◦ Coordinating conjunctions (and, but, or, nor, for,
so, yet)
◦ To and as — unless one of these words is first or
last in the title or subtitle.
 Italicize:
◦ Books
◦ Other long works
 Quotation marks:
◦ Periodical articles
◦ Short stories
◦ Poems
◦ Other short works.
 What is a long quote?
◦ 5 to 10 lines are optional
◦ 10 or more lines are not optional
 What do you do with a long quote?
◦ Indent half an inch from the left margin
◦ Double space
◦ Do not use quotation marks
Example from http://bcs.bedfordstmartins.com/
 What is a visual?
◦ Tables
◦ Illustrations (Figures)
 Drawings
 Photographs
 Maps
 Charts
 How do you label a visual?
◦ Tables
 Table #
 Clear Title
 Label and Title on separate lines above
 Source underneath

◦ Illustrations (Figures)
 Label and Caption underneath
 Chicago Style’s version of in text citations
 Footnotes: bottom page citation is on
 Endnotes: new page between paper and
bibliography
 Footnotes OR Endnotes, avoid using both
 New page at the end of the paper (before
Bib.)
 Center the title Notes at the top of the page
 Continue the page number from the paper
 Indent the first line of each note half an inch
 Don’t indent second line
 Start with the number that matches the
number in the text
 Put a period after the number
 Single-space each note and double-space
between notes
Example from http://bcs.bedfordstmartins.com/
 Bottom of page of citation
 Indent the first line of each note half an inch
 Don’t indent second line
 Start with the number that matches the number in the
text
 Put a period after the number
 Single-space each note and double-space between
notes
Make sure the cursor is
where you want your note.
 Center Bibliography at the top of the page
 Page numbers continue from the paper
 Alphabetize entries by author’s last name
 When there is no author, use the first word in

the title other than A, An, or The

 If 2 or more entries share an author, use 6
hyphens (-) instead of the name for the work
after the first citation
 Start each entry at the left margin
 Indent any additional lines half an inch
 Single-space each entry and double-space
between entries
Example from http://bcs.bedfordstmartins.com/
 Direct quotes

 Paraphrased material

 Statistics

 Anything that is not considered common

knowledge (If random hallway dwellers don’t
know it, cite it.)
 Source type
◦ Note format
◦ Note Example
◦ Bibliography format
◦ Bibliography Example
 Note:
1. First name, Last,Title (City of Pub: Publisher, Year of Pub).

1. Ryan Rosenbrock, Why I’m Awesome (New York:

FictionPub, 2012).

 Citation:
Last name, First. Title. City of Pub: Publisher, Year of Pub.

Rosenbrock, Ryan. Why I’m Awesome. New York:

FictionPub, 2012.
 Note:
6. Title (City of Pub, Year of Pub), Page.

6. Who Puts Their Own Name in a Workshop?

(Hammond, 2012), 2.

 Citation:
Title. City of Pub, Year of Pub.

Who Puts Their Own Name in a Workshop? .

Hammond, 2012.
 Note:
4. 1st Author and 2nd Author, Title (City of Pub: Publisher, Year of
Pub), Page.

4. Chris Stringer and Peter Andrews,  The Complete World of

Human Evolution (London: Thames and Hudson, 2005), 45.

 Citation:
Last Name, First Name, and 2nd Author. Title. City of Pub: Publisher,
Year of Pub.

Stringer, Chris, and Peter Andrews.The Complete World of

Human Evolution. London: Thames and Hudson, 2005.

Examples from http://bcs.bedfordstmartins.com/

 Note:
4. 1st Author et al., Title (City of Pub: Publisher, Year of
Pub), Page.

4. Ryan Rosenbrock et al., How to Fake a Title (Springfield:

Bookmakers, 2012), 16.

 Citation:
Last Name, First Name, 2nd Author, 3rd Author, 4th
Author, and 5th Author. Title. City of Pub: Publisher,
Year of Pub.

Rosenbrock, Ryan, Steven Smith, John Jackson, Justin Willis,

and Janet Jetson. How to Fake a Title. Springfield:
Bookmakers, 2012.
 Note:

20. Matt. 20:4-9 (Revised Standard Version).

20. Qur’an 18:1-3.

 Citation:

Sacred texts are usually not included in the

bibliography.

Examples from http://bcs.bedfordstmartins.com/

 Note:
10. Author, Title, trans. Translator (Place of Pub:
Publisher, Year of Pub), Page.

10. Tonino Guerra, Abandoned Places, trans. Adria

Bernardi (Barcelona: Guernica, 1999), 71.

 Citation:
Author Last, First name. Title. Translated by
Translator. Place of Pub: Publisher, Year of Pub.

Guerra, Tonino. Abandoned Places. Translated by Adria

Bernardi. Barcelona: Guernica, 1999.

Example from http://bcs.bedfordstmartins.com/

 Note:
11. Author, Title, Edition. (City, State of Pub:
Publisher, Year of Pub), Page.

11. Ryan Rosenbrock, Memoires of a Gamer, 15th Ed.

(Hammond, IN: GamerBooks, 2012), 85.

 Citation:
Last Name, First. Title. Edition. City, State of Pub:
Publisher, Year of Pub.

Rosenbrock, Ryan. Memoires of a Gamer. 15th Ed.

Hammond, IN: GamerBooks, 2012.
 Note:
5. Organization, Title (City, State of Pub: Publisher,
Year of Pub), Page.

5. Pay Attention, This is Important Stuff (Denver,

Colorado: Learn To Format Books, 2012), 956.

 Citation:
Organization. Title. City, State of Pub: Publisher, Year
of Pub.

Pay Attention. This is Important Stuff. Denver,

Colorado: Learn To Format Books, 2012.
 Note:
28. Author, “Title,” Newspaper, Date Published, Section.

28. Ryan C. Rosenbrock, “How to Develop Mind

Control,” R News, September 31, 2012, sec. B.

 Citation:
Author Last, First. “Title.” Newspaper, Date Published,
Section.

Rosenbrock, Ryan C. “How to Develop Mind Control,” R

News, September 31, 2012, sec. B.
 Note:
25. Author, “Title,” Magazine, Date of Pub, Page.

25. Ryan Rosenbrock, “The Secret to Eternal Life,” The

Fountain, August 1614, 2.

 Citation:
Author Last, First. “Title.” Magazine, Date of Pub,
Pages.

Rosenbrock, Ryan. “The Secret to Eternal Life.” The

Fountain, August 1614, 2-4.
 Note:
22. Author, “Title,” Journal volume, issue (year): page.

22. R. C. Rosenbrock, “The History of Computers,”

Journal of Stuff Ryan Knows 72, no. 6 (2013): 285.

 Citation:
Author Last, First. “Title” Journal volume, issue (year):
pages.

Rosenbrock, R. C. “The History of Computers” Journal of

Stuff Ryan Knows 72, no. 6 (2013): 280-8.
 Note:
34. Website Title, Sponsor, last modified date, URL.

34. Chesapeake and Ohio Canal National Historical

Park, National Park Service, last modified April 9, 2010,
http://www.nps.gov/choh/index.htm.

 Citation:
Website Title. Sponsor. Last modified date. URL.

Chesapeake and Ohio Canal National Historical Park.

NationalPark Service. Last modified April 9, 2010.
http://www.nps.gov/choh/index.htm.

Examples from http://bcs.bedfordstmartins.com/

 Note:
37. Author, “Entry Title,” Blog Title, URL.

37. Miland Brown, “The Flawed Montevideo Convention of

1933,” World History Blog,
http://www.worldhistoryblog.com/2008/05/flawed-
montevideo-convention-of-1933.html.

 Citation:
Author Last, First. “Entry Title.” Blog Title. URL.

Brown, Miland. “The Flawed Montevideo Convention of 1933.”

World History Blog. http://www.worldhistoryblog.com
/2008/05/flawed-montevideo-convention-of-1933.html.

Examples from http://bcs.bedfordstmartins.com/

 Note:
45. Title, directed by Director (year released; city, state of
pub: publisher, year cited), medium.

45. The Secret of Roan Inish, directed by John Sayles

(1993; Culver City, CA: Columbia TriStar Home Video, 2000),
DVD.

 Citation:
Title, directed by Director. Year released; city, state of pub:
Publisher, year of pub. medium.

The Secret of Roan Inish, directed by John Sayles.1993; Culver

City, CA: Columbia TriStar Home Video, 2000. DVD.

Examples from http://bcs.bedfordstmartins.com/

 Note:
42. Person Involved, medium, date.

42. Sara Lehman, e-mail message to author,

August 13, 2009.

 Citation:
Personal communications are not included in the
bibliography.

Examples from http://bcs.bedfordstmartins.com/

 Note:
40. Government Agency, Title (City, State: Year), page.

40. U.S. Department of State, Foreign Relations of the

United States: Diplomatic Papers, 1943 (Washington, DC:
GPO, 1965), 562.

 Citation:
Government Agency, Title. City, State: Year.

U.S. Department of State. Foreign Relations of the

United States: Diplomatic Papers,1943. Washington, DC:
GPO, 1965.

Examples from http://bcs.bedfordstmartins.com/

Bedford/St. Martin’s Research and Documentation
Online
http://bcs.bedfordstmartins.com/resdoc5e/RES5e_ch10_s1-0001.html

Purdue OWL
http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/717/01/

The Chicago Manual of Style (Printed) 16th Ed.

The Chicago Manual of Style Online (requires a
subscription to use some pages)
http://www.chicagomanualofstyle.org/home.html
 Jade Lynch-Greenberg
◦ Motivation and Valuable Feedback

 Prof. Saul Lerner

◦ Clarification of Style Rules