Understanding The

Concepts Of
Anthropology and
Sociology
ANTHROPOLOGY
OIt is the study of humankind in all times and all
places.

OIncludes topics such as human origin,

globalization, social cange, and world history.
ANTHROPOLOGY
OGOALS OF ANTHROPOLOGY
OFIELDS OF ANTHROPOLOGY
OANTHROPOLOGIST
Goals of Anthropology
O Discover what all people have in common.
O Produces new knowledge and new theories about
humankind and human behavior.
O Discover what makes people different from one
another.
O Look at one’s own culture more objectively like an
outsider.
Fields of Anthropology
OCultural anthropology
- refers to the study of living people and their
cultures including variation and change.

OLinguistic Anthropology
- refers to the study of communication, mainly among
humans.
OArchaeology
- refers to the study of past human cultures through their
material remains.

OBiological Anthropology
- also known as physical anthropology.

Study of humans as biological organisms.

Anthropologist
 Franz Boas
- one of the greatest and most influential
anthropologist ever.
- “Father of Modern Anthropology”
- the first to implement the scientific method
into the study of human cultures and society.
 Alfred Koeber
- an American cultural anthropologist.
- the first professor appointed to the Department of
Anthropology.

 Clifford Geertz
- practice the symbolic anthropology.
 Margaret Mead
- known for her studies about psychology and culture.

 Edward Burnett Taylor

- he defined the context of the scientific study of anthropology,
based on the evolutionary theories of Charles Lyell.
 Bronislaw Malinowski
- the most influential anthropologist of the 20 th century.
SOCIOLOGY
OSystematic study of groups and societies people build
and how these effect their behavior.

OIt focuses on various social connections, institutions,

organizations, structures and processes.
SOCIOLOGY
O BRANCHES OF SOCIOLOGY
O SOCIOLOGIST
Branches of Sociology
OSocial Organization
- this includes the study of social institution, social
inequality, social mobility, religious group, and bureaucracy.

OSocial psychology
- this area focuses on the study of the human nature
which are called “social stimuli”.
O Applied Sociology
- this concerned with the specific intent of yielding
practical applications for human behavior and organizations.

O Population Studies
- this area includes size, growth, changes, demographic
characteristics and quality economic, political and social
systems.
OHuman Ecology
- it pertains to the study of the effects of various social
organizations to the population’s behavior.

OSociological Theory and Research

- it focuses on the discovery of theoretical tools, methods,
and techniques to explain a a particular sociological issue.
OSocial Change
- it studies factors that cause social organization and social
disorganization like calamity, drug abuse, underemployment,
child and women’s issue, etc.
 Sociologists
 Herbert Spencer
- developed an all embracing conception of evolution as the
progressive development of the physical world.

 Emile Durkheim
- he formally established the academic discipline .
 Karl Marx
- he was the famous Prussian political economist, journalist,
and activist.
- widely known for his critiques of the social and political of
industrial capitalism.

 Max Weber
- one of the founder thinkers of sociology;
- died at the age of 56
 Auguste Comte
- he became very interested in a way that society molded
itself and the laws that it followed.