SNS COLLEGE OF TECHNOLOGY

(An Autonomous Institution)

Coimbatore- 35
DEPARTMENT OF MECHATRONICS

Webinar on
CNC PROGRAMMING

Presented by
P.DEVENDRAN, AP/MCT & R.SAMBASIVAM , AP/MCT
SNS COLLEGE OF TECHNOLOGY
(An Autonomous Institution)
Coimbatore- 35
DEPARTMENT OF MECHATRONICS
SNS COLLEGE OF TECHNOLOGY
(An Autonomous Institution)
Coimbatore- 35
DEPARTMENT OF MECHATRONICS
 SNS COLLEGE OF TECHNOLOGY
(An Autonomous Institution)
Coimbatore- 35
DEPARTMENT OF MECHATRONICS

CNC : Computerised Numerical Control (Computer + Numerical Control)

What is a CNC
Machine?

• Numerical control is a programmable automation

in
which process is controlled by Numbers, Letters, and symbols.
• CNC Machining is a process used in the manufacturing sector that involves the use of computers to control machine
tools like lathes, mills and grinders.

• To manufacture complex curved geometries in 2D or 3D was extremely expensive by mechanical

means (which usually would require complex jigs to control the cutter motions)
Why is CNC
Machining
necessary?

• Machining components with high Repeatability and Precision

• Unmanned machining operations

• To improve production planning and to increase productivity

• To survive in global market CNC machines are must to achieve close tolerances.
 SNS COLLEGE OF TECHNOLOGY
(An Autonomous Institution)
Coimbatore- 35
DEPARTMENT OF MECHATRONICS
 CNC program structure

There are four basic terms used in CNC programming

Character -> Word -> Block -> Program

• Character is the smallest unit of CNC program. It can have Digit

/ Letter / Symbol.
• Word is a combination of alpha-numerical characters. This creates a single
instruction to the CNC machine. Each word begins with a capital letter, followed
by a numeral. These are used to represent axes positions, federate, speed,
preparatory commands, and miscellaneous functions.
• A program block may contain multiple words, sequenced in a
logical order of processing.
• The program comprises of multiple lines of instructions, „blocks‟ which will be
executed by the machine control unit (MCU).
 SNS COLLEGE OF TECHNOLOGY
(An Autonomous Institution)
Coimbatore- 35
DEPARTMENT OF MECHATRONICS

COMMONLY USED WORD G- Code (More than 70+)

ADDRESSES G00 -Rapid interpolation
G01- Linear Interpolation
N-CODE - BLOCK
G02- Circular Interpolation (CW)
G-CODE- Preparatory Word
G03- Circular Interpolation (CCW)
M-CODE- Miscellaneous function
G21- Metric
X,Y&Z-CODES - COORDINATES
G28-Return to reference Point
F-CODE- FEEDRATE
G40- Cutter Compensation
S-CODE- SPINDLE
G98- Incremental programming
T-CODE- TOOL SELCTION
 SNS COLLEGE OF TECHNOLOGY
(An Autonomous Institution)
Coimbatore- 35
DEPARTMENT OF MECHATRONICS

Programming Methods
1.Manual Programming (G00, G01)
2.Single Cycle (G90)
3.Canned Cycle (G71)
Canned Cycle (G71)
G71 U... R...
G71 P... Q... U... W... F... S...
G71 P... Q... U... W... F...
S...

G71 U... R... P Contour start block number.

Q Contour end block number.
U Finishing allowance in x-axis.
U Depth of cut. W Finishing allowance in z-axis.
R Retract height. F Feedrate during G71 cycle.
S Spindle speed during G71 cycle.
SNS COLLEGE OF TECHNOLOGY
(An Autonomous Institution)
Coimbatore- 35
DEPARTMENT OF MECHATRONICS
SNS COLLEGE OF TECHNOLOGY
(An Autonomous Institution)
Coimbatore- 35
DEPARTMENT OF MECHATRONICS

Thank you