History of the Hospitality Industry

Copyright © 2012 by C & E Publishing Inc. and Buen Santos

 History of the Hospitality Industry
Overview
 The history of the hospitality industry dates all the
way back to the Colonial Period in the late 1700s. Things
have changed quite a bit since then; the hospitality
industry has experienced significant development over
the years as it has faced World Wars, The Depression
and various social changes. The industry as we know
it today began to take form in the early 1950s and 60s,
leading the way for growth into the dynamic industry
we know today.
Goal
 To understand the factors that
influenced het development of the hospitality
Copyrightindustry.
© 2012 by C & E Publishing Inc. and Buen Santos
Objectives

At the end of this lesson students will be able to:

 D e f i n e hospitality and describe its characteristics

 I d e n t i f y and describe the characteristics of varo

i us
historical periods
 I d e n t i f y the multiple factors influencing
hte hospitality industry
 C h r o n i c l e the developments in the hospitality
industry
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C & E Publishing to present)
Inc. and Buen Santos
Hospitality

• From the French word “hospice”

– to provide for the weary
– take care of those traveling

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Early Hospitality

• Greek/Roman culture
– Noted as early as 40 BC
– Social and religious purposes
• Roman businessmen traveled
• Romans were the first pleasure
travelers
• After fall of roman empire, public
hospitality fell to religious
orders
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Medieval Period

• English travelers
• Inns were actually
private homes
• Nobility stayed in
monasteries
• Stagecoach became
favored transportation

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Colonial Period
• Public coach
– Put into effect around 1650
• Coach inns
– Built along routes
• Inns
– A sleeping accommodations (a
facility in which food and drink were
served and a shelter for both the
drivers and horses)
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Renaissance Period
(16th Century)

• High demand for inns and taverns

• 1st hotel - Hotel de Henry IV
1788
– built at cost of $17,500
• – 60 beds
Coffee houses
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The French Revolution
• Changed the course of culinary history
• Auguste Escoffier
– brigade system
• M. Boulanger
– “father of modern restaurant”
– called soup he sold “restorantes”
• Revolution caused some of the chefs
to come to the New World

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The New World
(18th & Early 20th
Century)
• Introduction of railroads
• Depot hotels
– Began to arise in the early 1800s. Most
cases hotels were located in train
stations.
• Transportation and Lodging could not
be separated
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The New World
(Late 18th& Early 20th Century)
• Spas and resorts
– Believed to be medicinal or healthful
• Saratoga Springs
– Famous spa in New York
• Famous spas:
– Spa at Baden, Germany
– Marienbad, Bohemia
– Vichy, France
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The New World
(Late 18th& Early 20th Century)
• Famous resorts:
– French Rivera
– Homestead in Hot Springs
– Niagara Falls, the Canadian Horseshoe
falls
– Greenbrier, White Sulfur Spring Resorts
in West Virginia

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The New World
(Late 18th& Early 20th Century)
• Thomas Cook (1841)
– An English man
– Considered as the 1st travel agent taking
groups of North Americans in 1856 to
hotels on his “Cook’s Tour of Europe”

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The New World
(Late 18th& Early 20th Century)
• Tremont Hotel
– Opened in Boston in 19th century
– 1st luxury hotel
– Boasted the 1st toilets and private
bedrooms with locks on door

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The New World
(Late 18th& Early 20th Century)
• Cesar Ritz (1889)
– Famous Swiss hotelier
– Manager of the Savoy in London
• Tremont Hotel
– Opened in Boston in 19th century
– 1st luxury hotel
– Boasted the 1st toilets and private
bedrooms with locks on door
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The New World
(Late 18th& Early 20th Century)
• Ellsworth Milton Statler
– Opened his 1st hotel in Buffalo, New York
in 1907
• Conrad Hilton
– “King of Innkeepers”
– Opened his 1st hotel in Texas, the
Mobley in 1919
– Dallas Hilton (1925)
– Hilton bought the Statler Chain in
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1954
The New World
(Late 18th& Early 20th Century)
• John Willard Marriot Sr.
– Founder of the Marriot hotel chain
• Kemmon Wilson
– Founder of Holiday Inn
– Opened the 1st Holiday Inn Motel in
Memphis in 1952
– Holiday Inn went international in
1960
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The New World
(Late 18th& Early 20th Century)
• Tourist courts
– Automobile led the hotel industry into a
booming business in 1920’s
• Motel
– Coined from “motor hotel”
– 10 feet by 10 feet wooden cabins
– Owners of these motels expanded to 15
cabins and then called as “tourist courts”
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Nineteenth
Century
• 1898 Savoy Hotel opened in
London
– General Manager was Cesar
Ritz
•
– Chef was Auguste Escoffier
Delmonico’s in New York
City
– expensive
– 1827 - 1923
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– Bilingual menu
Advent of Air
Travel (The 20th
Century)
• Air Travel
– It was made available to masses
• Conventions and Conferences
– Became an integral part of successful of
commerce
– Business traveler became the most
important lodging guests

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Twentieth Century Restaurants

• 1921 White Castle

• 1927 Howard Johnsons
• 1927 Marriott Hot Shoppe
• 1965 TGI Friday’s
• 1982 Chili’s

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The Industry Today

• Campgrounds
– Appeal to travelers who prefer to
commune with nature while on vacation
• Treetops
– Located in Africa, features rooms in a
huge tree from which guests can watch
wild animals feed at night

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The Industry Today

• Capsule Hotel, Kapuseru Hoteru

– Hotel system in Japan of
extremely dense occupancy
– 1st Capsule Hotel was in Osaka

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