VEHÍCULOS ELÉCTRICOS

HEIBRIDOS

GRUPO: 8U51
PROFESOR : ING. JOSHIO GUADALUPE GARCÍA

• Leonel Alejandro Medina Blancas

 FORMULA – E
• • McLaren systems supply/integrate all Electronics on the Formula E racing car.
• • Data System, Motor Controller, eMotor, Gearbox, integration with XAP Steering
Wheel/Display, Data Logging, integration with WAE BMS, data transfer to and
from FIA Logger and ADR
• • Powertrain starts at receiving DC High Voltage at the Motor Controller, and
ends at the Driveshafts
• • Developed from Formula 1 Systems and adapted for the challenges of Formula E
 FORMULA – E
• • Standard ECU for Indycar and McLaren GT MP4-12C
• • Connected to McLaren Chassis harness
• • Controls all car systems
• • Gearbox
• • Pit Limiter
• • Rainlight/Ready To Move light
• • Water Pump
• • Includes many F1 style safety systems
• • Throttle/Brake Overlap
• • Gearchange inhibit
• • Redundant throttle inputs
 FORMULA – E
• • Data Acquisition Sensors
• • 4 Wheelspeeds (passed via FIA Logger for TC prevention)
• • 4 Damper Position Sensors (Linear Potentiometers)
• • 4 Infrared Brake Disc Temp sensors
• • Front and Rear Brake pressure
• • Steering Angle
• • Cooling Water Temperature and Pressure
• • Gearbox Oil temperature
• • Gearbox Pneumatic Air Pressure
• • Accelerometer and Gyro data taken from ADR (TBC)
• • Microwave Lap Trigger
• • 3 Channel Throttle Sensor (2 for ECU Control, 1 for FIA Monitoring)
• • Layshaft and Mainshaft Speeds
• • All available MCU, Motor and BMS parameters
 FORMULA – E
• 1. The first and most relevant; formula E engines are electric, while in formula 1,
engines use gasoline.
• 2. The dimensions of the cars are different. A Formula 1 racing car is around 4.8
meters long, while a Formula E racing car is 20 centimeters longer.
 FORMULA – E
• Formula E cars weigh at least 888 kg with driver and are almost 5 metres long,
1.80 m wide and 1.25 m high. The battery has a useful capacity of 28
kwh. The circuits come to be about 3 km long,
and the battery comes to give a running range of about half an hour, it recharges in
about 50 minutes.
 FORMULA – E
• Formula E cars are even less quiet, they have been measured up to about 80
decibels of noise,
• And depending on the moment the sound they generate resembles a hiss
or a buzz, and they look like an airplane or a spaceship.
 EV-1 DE GENERAL MOTORS
• The General Motors EV1 was the first modern electric car produced by one
of the world's largest automakers, and the first electrically powered vehicle
launched by General Motors in the United States. Its production was
discontinued in 1999. , and all vehicles in use were recalled between 2003
and 2004 by the American company. Most of the 1,117 vehicles
manufactured were destroyed by GM itself, and some vehicles were donated
to museums.
• Commercially launched in 1996, the EV1 electric car was initially available
in California and Arizona, and only under the form of a financial lease or
leasing contract.
 EV-1 DE GENERAL MOTORS
• These restrictions were due to the
fact that the EV1 and the lessee were
part of an engineering evaluation in
conditions of real use, created by the
Group of Advanced Technology
Vehicles of the GM, as well as part
of a market analysis and study of the
feasibility of production and
marketing of an electric passenger
vehicle for select US markets.
• Initially the EV1 was manufactured
with lead and acid batteries that
were later replaced by Ni-Mh
batteries. Its autonomy ranged from
70 miles (113 km) in the first version
to 160 miles (257 km) in the latest
 EV-1 DE GENERAL MOTORS
• Setting
• Type battery passenger car
• 2-seat coupe bodies
• All-electric propulsion
• Configuration front motor, front wheel drive
• General data parent company general motors manufacturer general
motors GM factories lansing craft center, lansing, michigan, united states
period 1996–1999 (1,117 units) 1997: 660 gen I units 1999: 457 gen II
drives
EV-1 DE GENERAL MOTORS
 EV-1 DE GENERAL MOTORS
• The EV1 had an electric motor capable of delivering about 130 hp, and
power was derived from lead-acid batteries for the GEN I modelé, and
nickel-metal hydride for the GEN II. The lead and acid batteries weighed
up to 500 kg. The car adopted a t-shaped battery arrangement, as we can
continue to find in some more recent cars.
• Depending on the model, it could offer a range of between 130 km and
225 km, being able to charge 80% of its battery in 3 hours, or completely
overnight. Initially chevrolet offered a charger to install in the tenant's
house or to be able to use a network that they installed in california.
• This car could do the 0 to 100 km / h in just nine seconds. Inside
everything was like a normal car, it had air conditioning, radio, CD and
cassette player, electric windows and hydraulic steering.
Nissan leaf
 Nissan leaf
• Nissan LEAF is the world's
best-selling electric car.
Since 2010, more
than 300,000 units have been
sold, and it has won awards
as Cars of the Year in
Europe, Japan and the United
States. LEAF is an acronym
for Leading, Eco-Friendly, and
Affordable Family Car, which
translates to Affordable.
• Environmentally Friendly
Vanguard Family Car. In
Mexico, three levels of
equipment are sold with a
40 kWh, 147 hp battery and
a range of up to 240 km
with a charge that takes
between 4 and 10
controlled hours of the
charger used.
 Zero-emission

• Nissan has a vision as a brand to achieve zero-emission

mobility with zero fatalities in the medium term. Part of
this strategy includes the LEAF, from which we tested
the new Plus version and note that neither Chevrolet,
Tesla, BMW or Hyundai are far behind. In the next five
years, Nissan intends to launch eight new fully electric
models, based on LEAF and the concept presented in
Detroit, IMx, which, during the test, confirmed that it will
be brought to production very soon.
THE RECHARGE TIME INCREASED 1
HOUR
BECAUSE OF THE INCREASED BATTERY CAPACITY, IT IS
WORTH WAITING FOR MORE THAN 100 KM EXTRA RANGE.

What we should share with you about LEAF Plus are its technical
data: battery with a capacity of 62 kWh (Tesla Model 3 uses one
of 65), 214 hp (+ 46%), a range above 350 km and a connector
for fast charging. (e +) 40 minutes with charger level 2 or higher.
What does this tell us? That Nissan engineers were victims of
marketing, and that instead of launching the best LEAF from the
start, they were forced to repeat the formula of the past
generation leaving an impression that they could have done
better and they did .
THE SOFTWARE IS UPDATED
AUTOMATICALLY
IT IS COMPATIBLE WITH AMAZON ECHO AND GOOGLE HOME THROUGH AN APPLICATION, AND THE
TEMPERATURE AND DESTINATION CAN BE PROGRAMMED BEFORE STARTING THE TRIP.

With the e-Pedal activated, it can be operated only by pressing and releasing the accelerator, obtaining a more
noticeable battery regeneration by increasing the friction of the coils. The brakes are also regenerative, and the
transmission offers "B" square, which also generates more drag when you stop accelerating. The power is
remarkable when joining a highway or passing on a two-way highway, and the brakes feel better than before at any
speed. Range anxiety has been almost completely eliminated with the 350 km (or more) that can be covered with a
load, and is equipped with the latest active and passive safety accessories including semi-autonomous driving
functions. It was not necessary to modify the chassis nor the powertrain to accept the increase in power. The
handling of the LEAF Plus is much more entertaining and safe than before.
Chevrolet volt
gm
Is a car whit extenden autonomy that
arrived
in its production version in 2008
 Is positioned at an intermediate point
Nissan Leaf, with 160 km of
autonomy, (Is hibrid)

Volt GM 64 km of autonomy (Is

hibrid)

the Peugeot 3008 Hybrid4, with

capacity for about 2 kilometers
operating only with the electric
motor.
 Dimensions

The measurements of the Chevrolet Volt are 4,498 mm long,

1,787 mm wide, a height of 1,439 mm and a battle of 2,685 mm.
 The mechanics of the Chevrolet Volt
It is made up of three engines,
Its operation is based on a 150 horse two electric and one combustion.
power block that is used
to drive the car, while the second 75
horse power block is used
both to move the Volt and as a
generator. The third, gasoline powered,
engine is a 86-horsepower
1.4-liter four-cylinder that works
as an alternator supplying power
to the two electric thrusters.
 Operation

Is based on a 150 horse power block

that is used to drive the car, while the second 75 horse power
block is used both to move the Volt and as a generator.
The third, gasoline powered, engine is a 86-horsepower
1.4-liter four-cylinder that works as an alternator supplying power to
the two electric thrusters. Its power is 150 horses, with a torque of 370
Nm,
and in fully electric mode, with lithium-ion batteries, its autonomy
is between 40 and 80 kilometers.
 Security
safety we find adjustable headrests,
light and acoustic warning of seat belts,
ISOFIX anchorages for child seats, ABS brakes
with EBD, electronic traction control and a total of
8 airbags
Roadster tesla

One of the first cars to be marketed

by the Elon Musk brand.
 What is it?

• It is a pioneering car in importing electric drive technology into a

sports vehicle
 Abstract

• It is a useful car, fast, it has a cost of 215,000 euros, with futuristic

technology, friendly to the environment and very safe, which promises
satisfaction.
 Data sheet

Able to accelerate from zero to one hundred in 1.9 seconds.

Its maximum speed would be above 400 kilometers per hour.
Its autonomy will be close to 1,000 kilometers.
200 kWh batteries.
Electric motor, automatic transmission
Honda FCX Clarity
 What is it?
• Is a electric car whit a hydrogen fuel cell like. The motor that drives
the wheels is electric and as such is much more efficient than an
internal combustion engine.
 PEMFC fuel bateri
Honda developed for this model a more compact and lighter
fuel cell than was customary, which allows it to be placed in the
car's central tunnel. The brand calls it V Flow. It is a cell with a
proton exchange membrane or PEMFC, which can have a system
efficiency of up to 50%. It uses platinum for the catalytic reaction.

The fuel cell or fuel cell is precisely the most expensive component.

Thanks to its modern fuel cell it can start at temperatures down to -30ºC
 Dimencions and equipped
•
It measures 4.84m long, 1.85m wide, 1.47m high and has a wheelbase
of 2.80m. Empty weight in running order 1,625 kg.
•
is equipped with the latest technology
and premium upholstery
 Autonomy

The Honda FCX Clarity has a power

of 136 hp (100 kW)
and 256 Nm of torque. It can reach a
top speed of 160 km / h
and accelerates from 0 to 100 km / h
in 9.7 seconds. The engine
turn is transmitted with a single gear
ratio to the front wheels.
Toyota prius
The Toyota Prius is a hybrid C-segment vehicle from the
Japanese firm Toyota. The Prius became the first series-produced
hybrid in 1997. Arrived in Spain in 2000
 Dimensions
• Sus dimensiones son 4,54 metros de largo, 1,76 metros de ancho y
1,47 metros de alto, contando con una batalla de 2,7 metros. Su
maletero es uno de los mejores del segmento, con 502 litros de
capacidad disponible.
 Performance
The Prius mechanical offer is reduced to a single gasoline engine,
which is linked to another electric, hence the label "hybrid".
Toyota calls the Prius hybrid system 125H. This consists of a 1.8-liter
engine that offers 98 horsepower along with a small electric motor.
Both add the 122 horsepower and 163 Nm of torque that the Japanese compact offers.
 Equipped of Toyota Prius

The Toyota Prius has a single

level of equipment available.
This finish, to which the
Japanese firm has not given a
name, contains elements such
as light and rain sensors, electric
and heated mirrors, keyless entry
and start system, emergency
braking, Full LED headlamps,
blind spot detector, warning light.
involuntary lane change,
recognition of traffic signs, and
many other elements.
Goll GIE Volkswagen
 Golf gTe volkswagen

A plug-in hybrid with 60 km of

autonomy and as powerful as
the Golf GTI.

The firm has confirmed that the

compact sports car with a plug-
in hybrid powertrain is now as
powerful as the long-awaited
Golf GTI - that is, it offers the
same 245 hp and 400 Nm of
torque.

 
(Bochowsky, 2019)
To do this, it combines a 1.4-liter four-
cylinder TSI unit that
generates 110 kW (150 hp) with an
electric motor capable of delivering 85
kW (115 hp), developing the
aforementioned 245 hp and winning
compared to the outgoing model. . 41
CV. It must be remembered that it is
the same mechanics that the
Volkswagen Group shares other new
models that should also have shone
in their respective Palexpo stands,
 
such as the Škoda Octavia RS iV, or (Bochowsky, 2019)
the CUPRA León and Formentor.
This block is managed by a dual-
clutch, six-speed DSG automatic
transmission, while the electric
drive is powered by a 13 kWh
lithium-ion battery, weighing 135 kg.
Therefore, the battery capacity
compared to the outgoing model
"increases by 50%", in
Volkswagen's words, in addition to
having improved the aerodynamics
of the vehicle, allowing it to go
beyond 45 km than its NEDC cycle
homologated its predecessor to
approximately
  60 km of fully electric
range and
(Bochowsky, 2019)
in the less
condescending WLTP approval
cycle.
 Emission
Furthermore, in order to reduce consumption and emissions, the car always
starts in fully electric 'E-mode' driving and is capable of driving without
polluting gases at speeds of up to 130 km / h. Above that speed or when the
battery charge level is low, the heat engine automatically starts to work in
combination with the electrical unit.

In this hybrid mode, the driver has the possibility to manage the electrical
consumption and, therefore, the state of charge using three selectable
modes on the infotainment screen. The objective is to offer the driver the
possibility of conserving enough energy to use the zero emission mode, for
example, when entering the city after a trip. Also, as long as the route
guidance is active on the navigation system, the battery manager also takes
into account topographic and road data to ensure that battery power is
available when the destination is reached. "During this process, battery
usage is tailored based on route data to achieve an optimal electrical range“
the firm details.
 A more technological and connected
Interior Golf 8 Gte 3 Inside, the new generation boasts a multifunction leather sports steering wheel with touch
controls, retaining all three spokes and a center trim that is blue on the GTE. The cockpit is completed by the
Innovision Cockpit, consisting of the 10.25-inch digital instrumentation and the 10-inch main touchscreen. The
standard 'start / stop' button has been updated in all three versions so that, after opening the doors, it starts to flash
red until the engine starts.
 OTROS
Batery Electric Vehicle (BEV)
• Battery electric car or Batery
Electric Vehicle (BEV); we could
define it as the pure electric
car, since the only motor (or
motors) that it has work
exclusively thanks to this type
of energy
 Plug-in hybrid car or Plug-in Hybrid Electric
Vehicle (PHEV)

• The third type of electric car

available is Plug-in Hybrid
Electric Vehicle (PHEV). These
electrified cars have an electric
motor and an internal
combustion motor, which can
either move the car or recharge
the battery. It can also be
recharged by hooking it to the
electrical network.
 Fuentes
• Bochowsky, E. V. (26 de Febrero de 2019). Motorpasion mexico. Obtenido de
https://www.google.com/amp/s/www.motorpasion.com.mx/pruebas-de-coches/nissan-leaf-plus-prueba-opiniones-
caracteristicas/amp

• Galan, D. (4 de Marzo de 2020). MotorPasion Mexico. Obtenido de

https://www.google.com/amp/s/www.motorpasion.com/volkswagen/volkswagen-golf-gte-2020/amp

English Fonts
• Gil, S., & Prieto, R. (2013). Electric cars: towards more sustainable transport ?. Petrotechnics.
• Martínez, J. (2010). Hybrid Cars. Retrieved on, 25.
• Domınguez, D., Endara, P., & Narvaez, A. Electric Cars for Competitions.