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Genesis,
Exodus,Leviticus,
numbers,
Deutoronomy
1. TORAH
Torah contains the early
history of Judaism. We
begin with Genesis, the
first book of Torah-and of
the Hebrew Bible.
Genesis means “origin”.
Torah
• Genesis (Bereshit): contains stories of
creation, records the establishment of the
covenant between God and the Jewish
people, tells of the lives of the patriarchs
and matriarchs
• Exodus (Sh’mot): account of Israelites
enslaved in Egypt, the exodus from Egypt,
the receiving of the 10 Commandments
at Mt. Sinai
• Leviticus (Vayikra): gives God’s ethical
and ritual laws and specific instructions to
priests on how to perform their duties
Torah
• Numbers (Bamidbar):
recounts the of the Israelites
through the desert and gives
more of God’s ethical and ritual
laws
• Deuteronony (Devarim):
Moses reviews the laws and the
people prepare to enter the
promised land.
2. The Nevi’im
Means “prophets”.
Contains writings of God’s
messenger, who spoke His
word to the Hebrews. The
writing is the more
literary section of the
Tanakh, consisting of
stories, proverbs, psalms
and poetries.
2. The Nevi’im
the second main division of
the Hebrew Bible (the Tanakh
), between the Torah
(instruction) and
Ketuvim (writings).
2. The Nevi’im
It contains two sub-groups, the
Former Prophets, the narrative books
of Joshua, Judges, Samuel and
Kings) and the Latter Prophets, the
books of Isaiah, Jeremiah and
Ezekiel and The Twelve minor
prophets).
Nevi’im
• Means hello/goodbye/peace
• Comes from root word shalem which
means whole/complete
– Peace comes when there is
wholeness, completeness, unity.
• Pease is the eternal Jewish prayer—world
peace, peace between people, inner
peace, harmony.
Jewish leadership
Rabbi
– Services
– Education
– Beth din
Cantor
– Singing
Scribe
– Torah scrolls
Shochet
– Slaughterer
Mohel
– Circumcision
Rabbi
A person who is trained to
make decision about what is
lawful in Judaism,to
perform Jewish ceremonies
or to lead a Jewish
congregation.
Bar mitzvah
Celebrate the
Everlasting Light
-burning for 8 days Menorah
165 BCE
Judah the Maccabee and
Antiochus Epiphanes
Family festival
– Food cooked in oil
– Presents exchanged
Hannukiah
Pesach (Passover)
Remember and relive
the Exodus
Family festival
– House cleaned
– Remove
leaven
– Seder meal
Haggadah
4 glasses
wine
Symbolic
foods
4 questions
Songs and
fun
Questions
If God knows the thoughts and deeds
of men then why do bad things
happen?
Why do some deeds go unpunished?
What divisions are apparent between
Christianity and Judaism?
Synagogues
Synagogues are led by
Rabbis (teachers well
educated in Jewish law and
thought)
Temples…the temple is
in Jerusalem.
The temple was the
only place a sacrifice
could be administered.
The temple in
Jerusalem was
destroyed.
Baltimore, Maryland
The Rabbi
Earned by passing extensive
examinations on the Torah and Talmud.
Study at a yeshiva, or holy school, like
a seminary program.
He is not required to wear a particular
uniform, and he can dress just like any
other Jew.
Permitted to Marry.
May have children.
Neighborhood counselor.
Inspire community members to become
better people.
All people of the Jewish faith
worship on Saturday, follow
strict discipline…the laws set
forth in the Torah, regular
attendance at Synagogue.
Passage into Adulthood
Children are ushered
into adulthood with
a big ceremony
– usually around age
13
Bar Mitzvah for boys
Bat Mitzvah for girls
Modern Denominations
of Judaism
Liberal Denominations
Reform Judaism
– Torah was written by humans, not God, but
later combined (liberal).
– Does not accept binding nature of Jewish law
(halakhah).
Reconstructionist Judaism
– “evolving religious civilization”
– Jews are not the chosen people by God (less
liberal).
– Can observe Jewish Law is they choose to
because it is a cultural remnant.
Conservative Denominations
Conservative Judaism
– Torah comes from God, transmitted by
humans, and contains a human component.
– Accepts binding nature of Jewish Law but it
adapts.
Orthodox Judaism
– God gave Moses the entire Torah, written (first
5 books of the bible) and oral at Mount Sinai.
– Strictly observe Jewish Law.
– 613 mitzvot (commandments)
– Chasidic Jews do not assimilate.
Important Jewish Holidays:
Passover – Celebrates the
birth of the Jewish nation
Rosh Hashanah – Jewish New
Year
Yom Kippur – Day of
Atonement," is the holiest day
of the Jewish year
Sukkoth – Harvest festival
Hanukkah – Rededication of
the holy temple in Jerusalem
after a military victory
Purim – Queen Esther saved
the Jews of Persia from
annihilation.
Shavout – Commemorates
the giving of the Ten
Commandments to the Jewish
People on Mount Sinai.
Review
This text is the “teaching or
instruction” of the Old Testament…
Torah
A collection of stories, “learning
or study”
Talmud
The words of the prophets
are… true