WIAF

Technique
BY:
AZMALIZA BINTI ZAINAL AZMAN
Learning Standards
 3.2.2
 Able to write with guidance:

(a) Stories
 WHY
‘WIAF’
TECHNIQUE?
Writing is a tough skill to teach
because pupils have difficulty:
•in generating and gathering ideas
•linking and putting the ideas in a
coherent flow
•in expanding ideas
•putting the ideas in a correct
sentence
•organising the sentences into
paragraphs
 SAMPLE OF THE
SECTION C
COMPOSITION QUESTIONS
CONTOH
 WHEN
DO WE USE
‘WIAF’ TECHNIQUE?
After pupils have mastered the basic
sentence structures
– simple, compound and complex.

*Using the ‘SVW’ table

The basic sentence structure.
Usually, past form is used in composing a story.

Subject Verbs 5Ws-What, Where, Who, Why,

When &1H - How
His parents went out to buy groceries.(why)
Ali was walking to school.(where)
He did not go to the swimming class.(where)
He was having some English homeworks. (what)
He felt tired. (how)
He watched Didi and Friends. (what)
He heard a loud crash. (what)
He cried because he was injured. (why)
Abu walked to the shop. (how/ where)
He bought a packed of sugar. (what)
 WHAT IS
‘WIAF’ TECHNIQUE?
WIAF is the acronym for Key Words that
are used to help pupils generate and
organise ideas.
W= WHO – name of characters, the relationship of
the character/s, the personality traits.
I= INCIDENT – identify the event shown in the
picture, give details of the situation, what had
happened
A= ACTION – what did the people do during the
event, actions taken to resolve the situation
F= FEELING – how did the people who were
involved in the situation feel.
STEP 1 – Study the picture and identify the events and key words and
phrases and ideas from the stimulus.

CONTOH
 BRAINSTORM
Who is the story about?
Circle the person on the picture.
Give him a name.
What kind of person do you think he is?

WHO
Who were involved in the story?
WHO – name, relationship, personality traits

Eg:
Ali
A school boy
Helpful
Kind

CONTOH
 BRAINSTORM
NCIDENT
WHAT HAD HAPPENED IN THE STORY?
What is the event shown in the picture?
Who saw the fire?
What did he see coming out from the house?
Whose house is it?

Eg:
Building was on fire
Saw the fire
Neighbour’s house

CONTOH
BRAINSTORM
ACTION
WHAT ACTION HAD BEEN TAKEN OR DONE?
What did Ali do?
When did the fire brigade arrive?
What did the firemen do?
What happened to the house?

Eg:
Telephoned
Arrived
Fire brigade
Put out the fire
Burnt down
 BRAINSTORM

FEELING
HOW DID THEY FEEL?
List down the feelings of the people involved

Eg:
Glad
Proud
Grateful
Thankful etc

Ali – glad,
Parents – proud,
Fire Chief – thanked,
owner – grateful etc

CONTOH
From the ideas generated pupils make basic sentences using the table.
Ideas generated from each letter of the acronym form 1 paragraph

Subject verb 5Ws-What, Where, Who,

Why, When &1H - How
who
Ali is a smart boy.
He studies in SK LKNP.
He has a heart of gold.
incident
One day, Ali saw some smoke from a
house.
The house was on fire. action
It was his neighbour’s house.
He telephoned the fire station. feeling
The fire engine arrived at the scene.
They put out the fire.
They thanked Ali.
First draft.
Simple sentences.
Target Group: Low or Satisfactory

Who – Who was/were involved in the story?

Ali is a smart boy. He studies in SK LKNP. He has a heart of gold.

Incident – What was the incident that happened in the story?

One day, Ali saw some smoke coming from a house. He panicked. Nobody was
there. The house was on fire. It was his neighbour’s house.

Action – What action had been taken or done based on what had happened.
Immediately, Ali telephoned the fire station. The fire engine arrived at the house.
The firemen put out the fire. The house was burnt down.

Feeling – How did everybody feel at the end of the story?

Finally, the fire chief thanked Ali. Ali’s parents were proud of him. It was a
memorable day for Ali.

( 80 words)
For more proficient pupils , use compound and complex sentences and
add adjectives, adverbs and phrases to make the description more vivid.

Ali is a smart boy who studies in SK LKNP. He has a heart of gold.

One day, when Ali was on the way home from school, he saw smoke
coming from a house. He was panicked. Nobody was there but him.

Ali quickly telephoned the fire station and reported about the fire. A
few minutes later, the fire engine arrived at the scene. They tried hard to
put out the fire but the house had burnt down completely.

The fire brigade thanked Ali for reporting about the fire. Ali’s parents
were proud of him. Ali was rewarded with a star of bravery for his quick
action.

(106 words)
OTHER EXAMPLES

ACTION

WHO?

INCIDENT FEELING
CONTOH
( Who were involved in the story?)
This is a story about Ani. She likes to go to the park. She always goes
to the park with her family.

(What had happened in the story?-If there is no incident, just write on

what had happened)
One evening, she went to the bird park near her house. She saw
many birds at the park. There were many people at the park too.

(What action had been done in the story?)

Ani took some photos with the bird. Some boys were watching the
birds. There was a man talking to the girls.

(How did they feel in the story?)

Ani was happy to see the birds. It was a memorable day for her.

83 words
 This is a story about Ani. She likes to go sightseeing
at the park. She always goes to the park with her family.
One evening, she went to the bird park near her
house. She saw many birds of different species at the
park. She was amazed by the uniqueness of the birds
there.
Ani took some photos with the parrot while some
boys were watching the peacock in the cage. There was a
man nearby explaining to the girls about the rare birds
species which were in the cage.
Ani was happy to see the birds. It was an
unforgettable day for her.

104 words
LET’S TRY.

CONTOH
Let’s brainstorm!

CONTOH
Who?
This is Ahmad and he loves motorcycle. He likes to ride his motorcycle
fast.

Incident-
One day, Ahmad rode his motorcycle around the town. Suddenly,
he had collided with a motorist. Ahmad was injured badly.
He couldn’t walk.

Action-
Without wasting any time, Atan the motorist took him to the clinic nearby.
The doctor cleaned Ahmad’s wound. The doctor gave some medicine to him.
Atan paid for Ahmad’s medical treatment.

Feeling-
Ahmad regretted for riding his motorcycle recklessly. He promised
to be careful next time..

(86 words)
 This is a story about Ahmad who loves riding a motorcycle. He likes to ride
is motorcycle fast.

One day, Ahmad rode his motorcycle around the town. Suddenly, he had
ollided with a motorist named Atan. His motorcycle was badly damaged. Ahmad’s l
was injured badly and he couldn’t walk. His injury was bleeding nonstop.

Without wasting any time, Atan took him to the clinic nearby. The doctor
leaned Ahmad’s wound and gave some medicine to him. Being a responsible person
Atan paid for Ahmad’s medical treatment.

Later, Atan apologized to Ahmad. Ahmad regretted for riding his

motorcycle recklessly. He promised not to ride his motorcycle fast again.

108 words)
 THANK YOU
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