PRINCIPLES

OF
EFFECTIVE
WRITING
 Central goal:

“To help you become better writers”

 COMPONENTS OF A
TEXT OR COMPOSITION
 WHAT IS A
COMPOSITION?
- It can either be a PARAGRAPH or an
ESSAY.
Paragraph – a group of interrelated
sentences that talk about one idea.
Essay – group of paragraphs that talk
about one central idea.
 PARAGRAPH ESSAY

Organized around a topic sentence Organized around a thesis

Contains introductory sentence Contains introductory paragraph

Uses sentences to explain major points Uses paragraphs to explain major points

May use a concluding sentence Always uses a concluding paragraph

WHAT ARE THE PARTS
OF A PARAGRAPH?
Topic Sentence – the central idea of the
paragraph; it can be a stand or a comment,
an objective statement, or a question.
Body – consist of the supporting details
which are the sentences that clarify and
prove the main idea.
Closing sentence – concludes the details
that have been presented.
 In their book, Wilbert Mckeachie and Marilla Svinicki
describe four types of challenging students. The first type is
composed of the attention – seeking, discussion – dominating
students who want to be heard. The second type is comprised of
the inattentive students who doodle and drift off during class
discussions. They often stare into their cell phones and chat
with their classmates during lecture. The third type is
composed of the unprepared students who are characterized as
the ones who skip doing their assignments prior to the class
They do not have pens or paper even when they know that they
are scheduled to take their quizzes and exams. The last type of
challenging students includes the uncivil and disrespectful ones
who display rude behaviors. Knowing these types of
challenging students would help teachers manage these
behaviors constructively.
WHAT ARE THE PARTS OF AN ESSAY?
I. Introduction
A. Lead or Attention-getter
B. Transitional Statement
C. Thesis Statement
II. Body
A. Major Point 1
1. Minor Detail 1
2. Minor Detail 2
B. Major Point 2
1. Minor Detail 1
2. Minor Detail 2
C. Major Point 3
1. Minor Detail 1
2. Minor Detail 2
III. Conclusion
A. Reiteration of thesis statement
B. Transition statement
C. Closing Statement
 INTRODUCTION

Lead/Attention getter – the first statement in the

essay which aims to hook the readers.
Transitional statement – the sentence which links
the lead to the thesis statement. It generally
provides a background on the topic.
Thesis statement – states the main idea or
argument of the essay.
 BODY

- The meat of the essay. It discusses the thesis

statement in detail through its paragraphs.
- This is where the topic is developed and where
the arguments are laid out and discussed.
 CONCLUSION

It begins with the restatement of the thesis

statement. Followed by the Transitional
statement that talks about the
recommendations, benefits of ideas presented, or
purpose of writing the essay. Finally, a closing
statement is used to wrap up the essay.
THANK
YOU