When does a verb fail

TO FUNCTION AS a
verb?
 Verbal
A verb form that acts as another part of speech.
Verbal function as a noun, an adjective, and
adverb.
There are three types of verbal:
 Gerunds
 Infinitives
 Participles
 Gerunds
 A verbal form that functions as a noun
 It always ends in –ing
 Gerunds act as a subject, direct object, indirect object, or objects of
preposition in a sentence.
 Trick: If the word can be changed with “something”, then it can be
considered as a gerund.
e.g.
Painting helps me relax my mind.
Something helps me relax my mind.
More Gerunds!
 Gerunds can be used as the object of preposition.
e.g.
The act of voting is an accountability of any citizen.
 Gerund phrase works a direct object.
e.g.
My sister loves visiting national museums.
My dad’s work is flying airplanes.
Gerund as a subject:
Skiing is my favorite hobby.

Gerund as a direct object:

I thoroughly enjoy skiing.
I certainly enjoy sleeping.

Gerund as the object of preposition:

Tammy takes pleasure in jogging.
Infinitives
 Can function as a noun, an adjective, or an adverb.
 Usually starts w/ the word ‘to’
e.g.
Infinitives as a noun:
Garette loves to jog.
I love to sleep.

Infinitive and infinitive phrase:

My biggest goal in life is to travel the world.
My greatest pet peeves is to get my hair touched.
 Infinitive as an adjective:
e.g.
Boracay is a captivating island to visit.
Jane lacked the strength to resist.
This is the best time to start.
e.g.
Infinitive as an adverb:
We must study to learn.
They really wanted to leave early.
To win, we need to beat them at the last round.
HINT: In order (Insert it before the infinitive)
 Gerund as the subject, subject complement,
direct/indirect object, appositive, and object of
preposition
Dancing has been by passion ever since I was seven
years old. (S)
Jack’s favorite hobby is trekking. (SC)
I enjoy sleeping more than watching news. (0bj)
My sister’s job, evaluating data brought in by
satellites, is thrilling (AP)
She deserves the award because we know that she
devoted her life to acting. (OoP)
 Gerunds as Subjects
Collecting old coins is my grandpa’s hobby.
Writing is more difficult than reading.
Fishing is fun!
Studying online is a convenient teaching
strategy.
Reading books is important in learning
vocabulary.
 Gerunds as Subject Complement
The government’s main goal is reducing
drug addiction.
My favorite pastime is baking.
My brother’s job is fixing computers.
What I love the most is sleeping in the
afternoon.
 Gerunds as Object of Preposition
Angelica is interested in collecting
stamps.
I look forward to seeing you tomorrow!
I will call you after arriving at my house.
 Gerunds as Direct Object
I enjoy gardening.
I love playing volleyball.
I hate shopping with my sister.
I love reading fictional stories.
 Gerunds as Appositive
The story’s lesson, treating children equally, is
evident in Kezia’s actions towards the Kelvey
sisters.
His experience, flying over the sea, was his most
exciting memory.
Beowulf’s achievement, defeating the monstrous
Grendel, made him a legendary warrior.