Evaporation Plant

Evaporation Plant
 Converts 32% Liquid Caustic to 50% liquid
Caustic Soda by evaporation of water.
 3
30m/hr

ST 30
30%NaOH
3
13m/hr
CSF 1
30%
3
2.9m/hr 3

D-201 0.113bar A
3

3
6.6m/hr 31 530m/hr
3.5m/hr 33 63 32 44kg/hr 0.113bar A 3484kg/hr
23.1kg/hr 3
-675mm of Hg 3
450m/hr 11m/hr 3
9.6m/hr 16
9
45 105C° 168C°

3
61 150m/hr 3
6600m/hr

D-202 D-203
3
2433 kg/hr 1800m/hr

J-201
3
44 23000m/hr 0.600bar A 2658kg/hr
1792.8kg/hr

E-201 3
2.5m/hr
2433kg/hr
43 40 2.6 bar A

64 56

EV-203
3
3 1.8m/hr
3
1.2m/hr 39 66 3.0m/hr 3 49
100m/hr 1756kg/hr
1139.1kg/hr 2925kg/hr
104026kg/hr 2.6 bar A
75

3
6100m/hr
2223.1kg/hr

EV-201 3
2.8m/hr 47
41
EV-202 TK-203
2658kg/hr
42 210Kg/hr
3
0.600bar
2.1m/hr 3
3.9m/hr
1039.0kg/hr
172C°
8
AI 80
to instruments 3
3 11m/hr 3
15
3
36 4.0m/hr
33.6% 108C° 9.3m/hr 10 7.0m/hr
3

in plant.
0.080m/hr
3
68C°
TK-202 114C° 54 20Kg/hr

3
3
3.7m/hr
114C°
17 5000kg/hr
173C°

WD 70
to emergency showers 46 11
9.3m/hr
114C°
13
in plant.
P-202A/B E-205
3 3
2448m/hr 5.8m/hr
14
3 164C°
130m/hr
3
7 8.9m/hr 72 20Kg/hr
106C°
WC 60
37
3
3
3.7m/hr 5.6m/hr
100m/hr 61 62 23m/hr
3 3
114C°

E-201 E-206 12 E-204 3

3.6m/hr

E-203
3484kg/hr
3
100m/hr 64 65 3
23m/hr
TK-201 38 SC

130m/hr
3
3
23m/hr 62 E-206
WC 67 21 CSL
3
3 6.6m/hr
3
71 53 23m/hr 65
51 6.8m/hr 3
5000kg/hr
3
6.8m/hr 20 6.9m/hr 50C°
18 5000kg/hr
VC 80C° 55 20Kg/hr

E-202 P-203A/B 130C°

3 3 3 19

P-204A/B P-201A/B
53 0.021m/hr 54 0.021m/hr 55 0.021m/hr 3
6 2.1m/hr 6.9m/hr
3

68C° 5000kg/hr
130C° 73 20Kg/hr
P-201A/B P-202A/B P-203A/B
71 20Kg/hr 72 20Kg/hr 73 20Kg/hr 4 5
3
3
11m/hr
3
8.9m/hr 6.8m/hr
3
1.1m/hr 68C° 68C° 6638.3kg/hr

WW 74 52 VC
Main Parts of Evaporation Unit
 Evaporators
 Heat Exchangers
 Condenser
 Steam Ejector
System
Evaporators
 Evaporator is a shell and tube vertical heat
exchanger with vapor separator.
 In this unit we use three evaporators
(EV201,202 & 203) by which caustic
concentration achieved in three steps.
 P-36

P-43 P-50

Steam ejector Steam ejector

cooler
P-72 P-58
C.w steam C.w steam

P-70 P-59
P-60

E-44
P-74 P-62

condensate
condensate
C.w C.w

P-37 E-11
E-4 E-13 P-51

Ev-201 Ev-202 Ev-203

P-71

P-44
Tk-202

To 5150 B

Tk-201
Tk-203

P-48
50% NaOH P-48
C.w

P-99 P-97

E-37

P-98 P-100

Ex-201 E-39
D-2000

Ex-206
Ex-205 P-46 Ex-204 P-47
C.w
Ex-202

P-35
P-52
P-201

P-202 E-16
P-53

P-203
 1st Evaporator (EV-201)
No of tubes = 139
Tube Length = 6000 mm
T. Thickness = 1.65 mm
ID = 45 mm
OD = 48.3 mm
Material = Nickel
Tube Side
Inlet 0utlet
Fluid = 30 % NaoH 33.6% NaoH
Flow Rate = 13 m3/h 11.2 m3/h
Temperature = 50°C 68°C
Pressure = 3 bar 0.12 bar
Density = 1310 kgs/ m3 1330 kg/ m3
Shell Side
Length = 6740 mm
Shell Dia = 600 mm
Inlet 0utlet
Fluid = Vapors Vapors
F/Rate = 6600 m3/h 2300 m3/ h
= 2433 kgs/ h
Temperature = 113°C 2300 m3/h
0.366 kgs/ m3
Pressure = 0.6 bar 0.113
Test pressure
Tube side = 1.5 bar G
Shell Side = 1.9 bar G
 2nd Evaporator (EV-202)

No of tubes = 116

Tube side
Inlet 0utlet

Fluid = 33.6% NaoH 39.5 % NaoH

F/Rate = 11 m3/h 9.3 m3/h
Temperature = 105°C 114°C
Pressure = 5.0 bar 0.6 bar
Density = 1305 1360

Shell Side
Dia = 600 mm (outer)

Inlet 0utlet

Fluid Vapours Vapours

F/Rate = 1800 m3/h 6600 m3/h
Temperature = 173°C 113°C (ΔT = 60 °C)
Pressure 0.6 bar

Test pressure
Tube Side = 1.0 bar G
Shell Side = 3.4 bar G
 3rd Evaporator (EV 203)

No of tubes = 81

Tube Side
Inlet 0utlet

Fluid = 39.51% Noah 50 % Noah

F/ Rate = 9.6 m3/ h (12658 kgs/h) 7.0 m3/h
Temperature = 168°C 173°C (∆T = 50°C)
Pressure = 7.5 bar 2.6 bar
Density = 1320 1430

Shell Side
Inlet 0utlet

Fluid steam Vapour

F/R = 530 m3/h (6.617kgs/ m3) 4.0 m3/h
Temperature = 193°C 191°C
Pressure = 13 bar 13 bar
EV201 EV202 EV203

Sep. volume = 1.55 m3 0.92 m3 0.3 m3

Pressure = 90 torr 450 torr 2.6 bar
 Summary of Evaporators Specifications

No. of Conc. Heating

Evaporator Tube size Length Shell MOC Tube MOC
Tubes Achieved media

ID = 45mm,
Caustic
EV201 139 OD = 6000mm SS 316 Nickel 30~33.6%
Vapors
48.3mm

ID = 45mm ,
Caustic
EV202 116 OD = 6000mm SS 316 Nickel 33.6~39.5%
Vapors
48.3mm

ID = 45mm ,
EV203 81 OD = 6000mm MS Nickel 39.5~50% Steam
48.3mm
Heat Exchangers
 In this unit we have 05 heat exchangers
(Shell & Tube Type) which are used for
heat recovery and to optimize the process
of plant to minimize the steam utilization
and better production rate.
 Heat Exchanger (E-205)

Tube Side

No of tubes = 32
26.7x2.1x5004mm

Inlet 0utlet

Fluid = 39.51% NaoH 39.51% NaoH to EV203

From P202 discharge
F/R = 3.7 m3/h 3.9 m3/h
Temperature = 114 °C 172 °C (∆T = 58 °C)
Pressure = 8.5 bar 7.5 bar (∆P = 1 bar)
Shell Side
Inlet 0utlet

Fluid = Steam condensate From TK202 Steam condensate

F/R = 4.0 m3/h 3.7 m3/h
Temperature = 191 °C 125 °C
Pressure = 13 bar 13 bar
 Heat Exchanger (E-206)

Tube Side
Inlet 0utlet

Fluid = 50%NaoH from E202 50% NaoH to storage

F/R = 6.8 m3/h 6.6 m3/h
Temperature = 80 °C 50 °C (∆T=30 °C)
Pressure = 7.7 bar 4 bar (∆P=307 bar)
Shell Side
Inlet 0utlet

Fluid = Cooling H2O Cooling H2O to C towers

F/R = 23 m3/h 43 °C (∆T = 10 °C)
Pressure = 4 bar 3.7 bar (0.3 bar ∆P)
 Heat Exchanger (E-204)

Tube Side
Inlet 0utlet

Fluid = 50% NaoH from EV203 50% caustic to O203

F/R = 7.0 m3/h 6.9 m3/h
Temperature = 173°C 130 °C
Pressure = 2.6 bar 2.2 bar

Shell Side
Inlet outlet
Fluid = 39.51 % NaoH 39.51% NaoH
F/Rate = 5.6 m3/h (P202 discharge) 5.8 m3/h
Temperatur = 114 °C 164°C (∆T = 50°c)
Pressure= 8.5 bar 8.4 bar (∆P = 0-1bar)
 Heat Exchanger (E-202)

Tube Side

Inlet 0utlet

Fluid = 50%NaoH from P203 discharge 50% NaoH

F/R = 6.9 m3/h 6.8 m3/h

Temperature = 130 °C 80 °C (∆T = 250 °C)
Pressure = 8.5 bar 7.7 bar (∆ = 0.8 bar)
Shell Side
Inlet 0utlet

Fluid = 33.6% NaoH from P-201 33.6% NaoH to EV-202

F/R = 8.9 m3/h 9.0 m3/h
Temperature = 68 °C 106 °C (∆T = 38 °C)
Pressure = 5.5 bar 5.0 bar (∆ = 0.5 bar)
 Heat Exchanger (E-203)

Shell Side
Inlet 0utlet

Fluid = 33.60% NaoH from P201 33.6% NaoH to EV202

F/R = 2.3m3/h 2.4 m3/h
Temperature = 68°C 106 °C
Pressure = 5.5 bar 5.2 bar
Shell Side
Inlet 0utlet
Fluid = Steam condensate Steam condensate to Boiler
From E-205
F/R = 3.7 m3/h 3.6 m3/h
Temperature = 125°C 77 °C (∆T = 28°C)
Pressure = 13 bar 12 bar
 Summery of Heat Exchangers Specifications

Fluid
No. of
Exchanger Size Shell MOC Tube MOC
Tubes
Tube Shell

E201
405     MS  SS904L    
(Condenser)

26.7x2.1x5004m   Nickel
E202 144  Nickel 50% Caustic 33.6% Caustic
m

26.7x2.1x5004m   Nickel Steam

E203 40   33.6%Caustic
m Condensates

26.7x2.1x5004m   Nickel   Nickel

E204 144 50% Caustic 39.5% caustic
m

26.7x2.1x5004m   Nickel Steam

E205 72   39.5% caustic
m Condensates

 26.7x2.1x5004
  Nickel
E206 88  mm   50% Caustic Cooling water
Condenser
 Condenser is also a shell and tube heat
exchanger in which Cooling water
condenses the Caustic condensates from
first effect which improves vacuum in
plant.
Steam Ejector
 Steam Ejector is used to produce the
vacuum in 1st and second effect
evaporators.
 Purpose of Vacuum

Vacuum is produced to lower the boiling

point of Caustic liquid.
 Pumps Specifications
Specification Pump Motor

SR. CAPAC HEA IMPELLER IMPELLER MADE RP MADE CURR

NO TAG SERVICE ITY D SIZE DIA MOC BY POWER (KW) Pғ VOLTS M BY ENT IP

      (M³/HR) (M)   (MM)    

Rated Actual   RATED ACTUAL        

1 P204-A 18.0 54 1X1.5-8 200 316-SS GOULDS 11 4.3 0.75 400 385 2930   8.9  
TRANSFER CONDENSATE
TO D5150-B

2 P204-B 18.0 54 1X1.5-8 200 316-SS GOULDS 11 0.0 0.75 400 385 2930      

3 P201-A 27.0 35 1.5X3-8 161.00 Ni GOULDS 11 0.0 0.75 400 385 2930      
TO PUMP NaOH FROM EV-
201 TO EV-202

4 P201-B 27.0 35 1.5X3-8 161.00 Ni GOULDS 11 5.4 0.75 400 385 2930   11.20  

5 P202-A 25.0 50 1X1.5-8 200.00 6A-20 GOULDS 11 6.8 0.75 400 385 2930   14.20  
TO PUMP NaOH FROM EV-
202 TO EV-203

6 P202-B 25.0 50 1X1.5-8 200.00 6A-20 GOULDS 11 0.0 0.75 400 385 2930      

7 P203-A 20.0 50 1X1.5-8 193.00 Ni GOULDS 11 5.7 0.75 400 385 2930   11.90  
TO PUMP NaOH FROM EV-
203 TO STORAGE TANK

8 P203-B 20.0 50 1X1.5-8 193.00 Ni GOULDS 11 0.0 0.75 400 385 2930      

9 P2000-A TO PUMP NaOH FROM D- 35.0 30 2X3-6 153.93 316-SS GOULDS 11 7.3 0.75 400 385 2930   15.20  
2000 TO FIRST EFFECT
EVAPORATOR

10 P2000-B 35.0 30 2X3-6 153.93 316-SS GOULDS 11 0.0 0.75 400 385 2930      

11 P1500-A 150 30       KSB 22 0.0 0.86 380 385 1465     44

TO PUMP COOLING WATER
BACK TO COOLING TOWER

12 P1500-B 150 30       KSB 22 19.5 0.86 380 385 1465   35.2 44

RECOVERY TO PUMP CAUSTIC FROM

PIT PUMP RECOVERY PIT TO D-2000
14 5 25 1X1.5-6 63 316-SS GOULDS 7.5 0.0       2900      
Thank You.