DIGESTIVE SYSTEM

Basic Competence:
To describe digestive system and its relation to
health
Objectives:

To distinguish the digestive tracts

from the digestive glands as a
system of human digestion.
To compare between mechanical
and chemical digestions, and their
functions .
Learning Material
THE HUMAN DIGESTIVE SYSTEM
 Move the cursor to know the
name of digestive organs!

click hire
 Move the cursor to know the
name of digestive organs!

Pancreas
How the mechanism of
digestive process?
 Mouth
• Food is chewed and broken up into small
pieces by the teeth
• The salivary gland secretes saliva that
contains salivary amylase enzymes / ptyalin
• salivary amylase digests starch into
maltose / sugar
• Starch maltose
 Esophagus
• Food is pushed through the esophagus into
the stomach by the alternating muscular
contraction and relaxation of the esophagus
• This process of alternating muscular
contraction and relaxation is known as
peristalsis
• No digestion takes place in the esophagus
because there are no digestive enzymes
secreted
 Stomach
• Food is mixed with GASTRIC JUICES in the
stomach
• Gastric juices are secreted from the cells of
the stomach wall. Gastric juices contain ;
1. Hydrochloric acid
2. enzymes / RENNIN AND PEPSIN
 Stomach Enzymes

 The function of hydrochloric acid include :

1. providing an acidic medium for enzyme action
2. killing bacteria found in food
3. neutralizing and stopping the action of salivary
amylase enzymes
 PEPSIN digests proteins into peptones
 RENNIN coagulates milk in the stomach
liquid milk proteins solid milk proteins
 Small Intestine
• The small intestine is the longest food digestive tract, and
consist of duodenum, jejunum and ileum
• The duodenum receives BILE and PANCREATIC juice
• Bile is produced by the liver and is stored in gall bladder.
The bile flows from the gall bladder into duodenum
through the bile duct . The func tion of bile.; Emulsion of
fat
• Pancreatic juice which is produced by the pancreas cells,
contains three types of enzymes ; pancreatic amylase,
tripsin and lipase
 Duodenum
 The pancreatic amylase digests starch into
GLUCOSE
 The TRIPSIN digests peptones into AMINO ACID
 The lipase digests fat into FATTY ACID and
GLYCEROL
 The duodenum is connected to two large digestive
glands , the pancreas and liver
Jejunum
 Ileum
• Absorption is the process when the end products
of digestion enter the bloodstream through the
small intestinal walls
• a very large surface area because it has millions
of tiny, finger-like process called VILLI
• Digestion is completed in the small intestine then
ready to absorbed through thin walls of the small
intestine into the bloodstream
 The Diseases and Disorder

1. Diarrhea
Diarrhea occurs
when bacteria or
protozoa infect the
large intestine and
disturb water
absorption by the
intestine; so, the
feces become
diluted.
2. Constipation
constipation occurs when there is too much water
absorption by the intestine so that the feces
becomes thick and hard.
3. Gastritis
gastritis is caused by irregular eating time which
makes the gastric “eaten” by excessive gastric juice.
4. Gastric cancer
gastric cancer is caused by poisonous or
carcinogenic (cancer causing agent) substances.
5. Hemorrhoid
hemorrhoid is caused by swollen vein in anus. It is
resulted from sitting in long period of time,
pregnancy, and overweight.
 EVALUATION
A
B. Chose the best answer/option (a, b, c, or d)
through click the cursor in it.

1. Which one is not digestive track…………………………..

a. mouth
b. esophagus
c. small intestine
d. liver
1. Which one is not digestive track…………………………..

a. mouth
b. esophagus False
c. small intestine
d. liver

Repeat
1. Which one is not digestive track…………………………..

a. mouth
b. esophagus Correct
c. small intestine
d. liver

Next number
2. The digestive gland not found in the…………………………..

a. mouth
b. esophagus
c. small intestine
d. stomach
2. The digestive gland not found in the…………………………..

a. mouth
b. esophagus False
c. small intestine
d. stomach

Repeat
2. The digestive gland not found in the…………………………..

a. mouth
b. esophagus Correct
c. small intestine
d. stomach

Next number
3. When we chew the boiled rice much longer, it will
taste sweet because in our saliva consist of enzyme
…..
a. ptyalin
b. pepsin
c. rennin
d. tripsin
3. When we chew the boiled rice much longer, it will
taste sweet because in our saliva consist of enzyme
…..
a. ptyalin False
b. pepsin
c. rennin
d. tripsin

Repeat
3. When we chew the boiled rice much longer, it will
taste sweet because in our saliva consist of enzyme
…..
a. ptyalin Correct
b. pepsin
c. rennin
d. tripsin

Next number
4. In the ……hydrochloric acid (HCl) is added to the food.

a. mouth
b. small intestine
c. large intestine
d. stomach
4. In the ……hydrochloric acid (HCl) is added to the food.

a. mouth False
b. small intestine
c. large intestine
d. stomach

Repeat
4. In the ……hydrochloric acid (HCl) is added to the food.

a. mouth Correct
b. small intestine
c. large intestine
d. stomach

Next number