Developmental

Stages
 Human
Development

The stages of changes that individuals

undergo through life span.

Processes we experience during our journey

from babyhood to adulthood.

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 Factors Contributing to
Human Development
1. Nature.
is a person’s biological inheritance. The traits
derived form one’s biological parents are
provided in the 46 chromosomes arranged in 23
pairs that comprise the blueprint of one’s total
system which begins during the process of
conception.
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 Factors Contributing to
Human Development
2. Nurture.
the environment of a child plays a vital role in the
development of one’s individuality. The physical
and social environment influences the formation
of the traits, attitudes, interests, motivations,
emotions of the individual.

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 Understanding
the Adolescence
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 Understanding the
Adolescence

Adolescence – a developmental stage of transition from

the period of puberty to the legal age or age of
majority.

Latin term ’adolescere’ – to Grow Up

To begin with onset of ‘puberty’, the process that leads

to sexual maturity or fertility (Papalia et al 2008)

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 Understanding the
Adolescence

▪ Milestones are achieved during the Adolescence which are

evident in the point of transition
▪ Critical developmental period as there is heightened
vulnerability as a result of disjunctions and conflicts in
the developing brain.
▪ A time of increasing divergence headed for a fulfilling
and productive adulthood or confrontation with major
problems.
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 Stages
Adolescence

Late
Middle
Adolescence
Early Adolescence Adolescence
18-20 years of
12-14 years of age 15-17 years of
age
age

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 Early Adolescence

• It is at this point that puberty becomes evident.

• Rapid changing physical attributes
• Demands for privacy
• Peer may be consider more important than
families

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 Middle Adolescence
• Puberty has taken place at this stage.
• Extremely conscious about looks and
how others see them (ex: posting selfies and
wait for likes and shares)
• Issues and concerns are confided to
friends than their own family

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 Late Adolescence

• Generally happens during high

school years
• Transition from being adolescent
towards becoming a real man or
woman

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 Assignment #3
Write down some of the changes in the different
areas of your individuality which you have
observed on yourself upon reaching the stage of
puberty to this point in your life.

1. Changes in your body

2. Changes in your attitude or moods
3. Changes in your thinking
4. What do you think is Happening to you as you
experience these changes.

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 Basic Maturation during Adolescence

01 Emotional
Development

02 Physical
Development

03 Social
Development

04 Mental
Development
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 Emotional
Development
▪ Develop low self-esteem due to hormonal changes
▪ High expectations
▪ Becomes generally conscious especially in the presence
of the opposite sex
▪ Concern about attractiveness
▪ Wants independence and intimacy
▪ Onset of eating disorders
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 Physical Development

▪ Physical changes are achieved by girls pertaining to

puberty until age 15
▪ Boys gain muscles, strength and height
▪ Completion of the development of sexual traits
▪ Growth spurt

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 Social Development

▪ Desires friends of same views

▪ Peers are essential part of life
▪ Intellectualizes and philosophizes
▪ Becomes romantically attached
▪ Highly influenced by peers on engaging in risky
behaviours

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 Mental Development

▪ Higher cognition in facing reality

▪ Understands points of concerns and issues pertaining to
the family and society
▪ Develops moral insights
▪ Look up to people of interests and achievements

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 Theory Explaining Adolescent Development

Erik Erikson: Ego Psychology

Ego (Self) must resolve crisis and accomplish tasks to

build psychosocial development
8 stages, each stages has crisis
If crisis is not resolved, person may lack the positive
characteristics and may exhibit behavioural problems

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 Stage Psychosocial Crisis Basic Virtue Age

1 Trust Vs. Mistrust Hope Infancy (0 to 1 1/2)

Early Childhood
2 Autonomy Vs. Shame Will
(1 ½ to 3)
3 Initiative Vs. Guilt Purpose Play Age (3 to 5)
School Age
4 Industry Vs. Inferiority Competency
(5 to 12)
Ego Identity Vs. Adolescence
5 Fidelity
Role Confusion (12 to 18)
Young Adult
6 Intimacy Vs. Isolation Love
(18 to 40)
Adulthood
7 Generativity Vs. Stagnation Care
(40 to 65)

8 Ego Integrity Vs. Despair Wisdom Maturity (65+)

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 Theory Explaining Adolescent Development

Jean Piaget’s Theory

The Cognitive Developmental Theory provides an

understanding on how individuals actively construct
their understanding of the world as they undergo the
four stages of cognitive development. Each of these age-
related stages consist of distinct ways of thinking.

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 Stage Age
No thought beyond immediate
1 Birth to 2 years
physical experiences
Able to think beyond here and
now, but ego centric and
2 2 to 7 years
unable to perform mental
transformations
Able to perform mental
3 transformations, but only on 7 to 11 years
concrete physical objects
Able to perform hypothetical
4 11 years to adulthood
and abstract reasoning

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 BIG
CONCEPT
Bring the attention of your
audience over a key concept
using icons or illustrations

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Reference:
Personal Development : Theory and
Practices
by Ethel Magalona & Evelyn
Salting-Sadsad

Prepared by:
Ms. Jasper S. Cruz