COMPOSITE MASONARY

• When the facing and backing of walls are constructed

using different types of masonry and materials then such
type of masonry is known as “Composite masonry”. The
composite masonry may be adopted due to two reasons.

1. Improvement in the appearance of walls

2. Use of material to achieve minimum economy

• It is also making the structure more durable by providing

good quality material for facing and good workman ship in
facing and medium quality material for backing.
• This type of masonry results in more no. of joints from
inside and outside of the wall.

• This may also result in unequal settlement due to two

different materials with the different weights and different
load carrying capacities.
 Types of Composite Masonry

1. Stone Facing with brick backing.

2. Stone slab Facing with brick baking.

3. Brick Facing with concrete baking.
4. Ashlar facing with brick backing.

5. Ashlar facing with rubble backing

• In this type of composite masonry
a wall is constructed in brick
Stone Slab Facing
work and the stone slabs are used with brick backing
in facing.
• The stones used may be natural or
artificial.
• This type of construction is quite
common, since stone slabs or tiles
may be of marble stone.
• If the stone slabs are used, they
are fine dressed and are used in
big panels.
• It is preferable to use metal
clamps to connect the facing and
backing masonry of the wall.
Stone slab facing with brick
backing 
 Stone Facing with brick baking
• In this type of composite
masonry a wall is constructed
in brick work and stones are
provided on facing, to appear
it constructed in stone.
• It is adopted to improve the
appearance of the structure at
the lesser cost.
• The stones in facing are
properly secured to brick
backing by providing tooting.
• Stone facing with brick backing
 Brick Facing with concrete baking.
• In this type of construction, bricks
are used as facing material and
the concrete as the backing.
• This type of construction is
adopted to get strength of
concrete and the aesthetic of
bricks.
• The bricks are secured to the
concrete backing by projecting
alternate brick headers into the
concrete.
• Brick facing with concrete backing
 Ashlar facing with brick backing.
• In this type of composite
masonry rough tooled and
chamfered stones are provided
in facing while brick work is
provided in backing.
• It is preferable to use the height
of ashlar as a multiple of brick
thickness plus masonry joints.
• Alternate courses of ashlar may
be headers under each
projecting courses of ashlar,
header bricks should be used.
Ashlar facing with brick backing
 Ashlar facing with rubble backing

• In this type of composite

masonry rough tooled and
chamfered stones are
provided in facing while
rubble masonry in
backing.
• This may reduce the cost
of construction as the
rubbles are available at a
cheap rate.
 Partition Walls

• The walls which are constructed for enclosure of the area

for the rooms within the building or to divide the rooms.

• They are either rest on the flooring or beams.

• They are taken to the full ht. of the floor or up to 2.5m ht.

• They are designed or placed only to carry its self weight.

 Advantages of partition walls
• They divide whole area into no. of rooms.

• They provide privacy to the user from sight and sound.

• As the thickness, of such walls are less they consumes

less area.

• Light in weight and cost is less

• Easy for construction and removal and its placing.

• Economical
 Requirements Of Good Partition Walls

• They should be thin in section so we can utilize max.

area of floor.

• They should provide adequate privacy to the rooms.

• It should be constructed or manufactured of light,

sound, uniform, homogeneous and durable material.

• They should be simple in construction and removal

and economical also.

• They should offer sufficient resistance against fire,

heat, dampness and insects.
 Types Of Partition Walls

•Brick partitions,
•Hollow block partitions,
•Clay block partitions,
•Concrete partitions,
•Glass block partitions,
•Wooden partitions,
•Straw board partitions,
•Plaster slab partitions,
•Metal partitions,
•Asbestos cement partitions, and
•Double glazed window.
 Brick partition
• Constructed with plain bricks, Reinforced bricks,
bricks-nogged or hollow bricks.
• Plain brick partition of half brick thickness is not
more than 2m in height.
• In reinforced brick partition of half brick thickness,
reinforcement in the form of wire mesh or hoop iron
or steel bars is provided.
• Brick nogging partition
wall consists of
brickwork built up
within a framework of
wooden members.
Brick partition is fire-
resistant and sound-
proof.
 Hollow Block and Clay Block Partitions

• Hollow concrete block partitions are built of

individual units of concrete.
• Clay blocks used are well prepared from clay or
terra-cotta, and they are either solids or hollow.
• Hollow clay blocks of section 30*20 cm with
thickness varying from 5 cm to 15 cm can also be
used.
• The blocks are provided with grooves on top, bottom
and sides, surfaces are kept glazed in different
colures.
 They do not change their volume and are in
lighter in weight.

Hollow clay blocks

Acoustic Clay Hollow Partition
Wall
 Concrete partition
It can be either precast or cast in-situ.
Special concrete posts are used for the
construction of precast concrete partition
walls.

Concrete block
 Glass partition
• Are made from sheet glass or hollow Glass blocks.
• Provides good aesthetics and allow light
• Are damp, sound and heat proof.
• Easy to clean and maintain.
• Sheets of glass are fixed in the frame work of wooden or
metal.
• Hollow blocks doesn’t need timber framework.
 Wooden partition
Lighter in weight and easy to
construct.
Neither sound-proof nor fire-proof.
Not suitable for damp locations.
Head

Stud

Sill
Wooden partition wall
 Plaster slab partitions
• Are made of burnt gypsum or plaster of paris mixed
with sawdust.
• 5cm to 10cm thick slabs are prepared in iron or timber
moulds.
• To form rigid joints suitable grooves are provided
in the plaster slabs.
• Nails and screws can be easily driven into these
slabs.
Incomplete Partition wall of Plaster and expandable metal
 Asbestos Cement partitions
•Light in weight, impervious, durable, water tight
and fire-proof.
•Asbestos cement sheets are made of asbestos
cement sheets and fixed into timber framework.
•Sheets are placed in position and joined by
cement mortar.
•Are mostly adopted in works of temporary
character.
 Double Glazed window
• Used for acoustic insulation.
• Air space between two panes is kept 50mm or more.
• Air contained within narrow cavity is quite ‘stiff’
• Transmits vibration at low frequencies.
Double glazed window
Foldable partition wall
 Portable Partitions
• Rolling mobile folding partitions which
provide temporary walls
• The portable wall partition has two full panel end
members which provide support, rigidity, privacy,
and noise reduction.
• They fold and are on wheels enabling
mobility and ease of storage.