Inverse Laplace Transform

If the LT of a function F(t) is f(s) i. e. L F (t )  f ( s) , then

F (t ) is called an inverse Laplace transform of f (s) and

1 1
we write symbolically F (t )  L { f ( s )}, where L is

called the inverse Laplace transform operator

1
Fundamental formulas
1 1 
L  F (t )  L  1   0 e

1  st
dt  L 1    1
s
s
(n  1)
2. L  F (t )  L  t    0 t e dt  n 1 , s  0 1  1 
n  n  st
tn
s L  n 1  
 s  (n  1)
1
3. L  F (t )  L  e at   ,s  a
L 1  1 
 e at
sa  
s  a
k
4. L  F (t )  L  sin kt  2 2 , s  0  1  sin kt
L 1  2 
s k 2
s  k  k
s
5. L  F (t )  L  cos kt  2 2 , s  0 1 
L  2
s 
 cos kt
s k 2
s  k 
k 1  1  sinh kt
6. L  F (t )  L  sinh kt  ,s  0 L  2 2

s k
2 2
s  k  k
s
7. L  F (t )  L  cosh kt  2 ,s  0 1  s 
s k 2
L  2 2
 cosh kt
s  k 
2
Examples:
 2 
1 1  1 
  2L    2e .
4t
1. L 
s  4 s  4
 
1  1  1 1
 1  1 
2
t
2. L   L    e 3

 3s  2  3  s  2  3
 3
 1  1  1  1
1
3. L  2   L  2 2   sin 5t
 s  25  s  5  5

1  s  1  1  s 1 
L    L  
4. 2 2 2 2 2
 s  25  s  5 s 5 

1  1  1 
s 1
L  L   cos 5t  sin 5t .
2 2 2 2 5
s  5  s  5 
3
  
2
  

1  s  1  1  s  2 s  1  
L  L  
1.  s   s 2

  
 
1  1  1  1  1  1 
 L    2L  3  L  2 
s  2  s 
  s 
 
1  2  (3/2)  1  1 
 L 1    L 1    L  2

3
s
  (3/2   s 
  s
2


2 1 2 t
 1  t  2  t 1  1 t  t 1  t  4
(3/2) (1/2) 
2
4
  s  2 3  s 32
 6 s  12 s  8  
L1    L1 
 3 
 s   s 

 1 
1 1  1  1  1  8
 L  3 2   6 L  2   12 L  5 2   3
s  s  s  s
1 12 1 52 8 2
 t  6t  12 t  t
(3/2) (5/2) 2
2 12 12  2  2 5 2
 t  6t  t  4t 2
(1/2) 3(1/2)
2 16
 t  6t 
12
t 5 2  4t 2 Ans
 
5
 1
Theorem: If L1
{ f ( s )}  F (t ) then L { f ( s  a )}  e at
F (t )

Proof: We know that f ( s)  L F (t )  0 e st F (t )dt

 
0 0
( s  a ) t
 f ( s  a)  e F (t )dt  e  st e at F (t )dt

F (t )dt  Le 

0
 st at at
 f (s  a)  e e F (t )

 L 1
 f (s  a)  e at
F (t )

6
Examples:
 1 
1 t  1  1 4 t
L  5
 e  5  t e
 ( s  1)   s  4!

Theorem If L  F (t )  f ( s ) , then L  e at F (t )  f  s  a 

Examples: Find L  2e3t sin 4t 

We have
4
L  sin 4t 
s 2  16
4 4
 L  e sin 4t 
3t
 2
( s  3)  16 s  6 s  25
2

8
 L  2e sin 4t   2
3t
Ans
s  6 s  25

7
Examples:

1 
 s  1  s  1  1 1  1 1 
1 L 
5  L  5 L  4

5 
 ( s  1)   ( s  1)   ( s  1) ( s  1) 

1 3  t 1 4 t 1 3 t 1 4  t
 t e  t e  t e  t e Ans.
3! 4! 6 24

1  3s  14  1  3( s  2)  8 
2. L  2 L  2 
 s  4s  8   ( s  2)  4 

1 
 
( s  2) 1 
 2 
 3L    4L  
2
 ( s  2)  4  2
 ( s  2)  4 

 3e 2t cos 2t  4 e 2t sin 2t
8
 3.

1  s  1  s  1  1
L  5
L  5
 ( s  1)   ( s  1) 
1 
1 1 
L  4
 5
 ( s  1) ( s  1) 
t 1 
1  t 1  1 
= e L  31   e L  4 1 
s  s 
1 3 t 1 4 t 1 3 t 1 4 t
 t e  t e  t e  t e
3! 4! 6 24

9
 3s  14  1  3( s  2)  8 
1 
4. L  2 L  2 
 s  4s  8   ( s  2)  4 

1  
( s  2) 1  1 
 3L  2 2
 8L  2 2
 ( s  2)  2   ( s  2)  2 

2t 1  2t 1 
s 1 
 3e L  2 2   8e L  2 2 
s  2  s  2 

2t sin 2t 2t
 3e cos 2t  8 e  3e 2t cos 2t  4 e 2t sin 2t
2

10
   2 10 
 5 s    2  
1  5s  2  1 1   3 3 
5. L  2   L  
3 2
 3s  4 s  8   2 8 4
  s     
 3 3 9

  2   
 s     
5  3  16 1  1 
 L1   2    L  2 
3   2  20  9   2  20 

  3 
s    s    
 9   3  9 
   
   
2 2
5 3 t 
1  s  16  t 1  1 
 e L  2
 e 3 L  2
3  2 2 5  9  2 2 5 

s      s    
 
  3     3  
2 2
5 3 t  2  8  t 2 
 e cos t   e 3 sin t 
3 3  3 5 3 
11
        
1  s  1  s  1  1  1  1  1  1 
1. L  5
L  5
L  3
L  5
 2  2  2  2
 ( s  1)   ( s  1)   ( s  1)   ( s  1) 
1 3 1 3
1 1 1 1
 e t t 2  e t t 2  e t t 2  e t t 2
3 5 1 1 3 1 1
       
2 2 2 2 2 2 2

1 3 1
2 4 2 2
 e t t 2  e t t 2  e t t 2 (1  t)
 3   3
   
  1
    2
 1  
1 1  1 
 1 1  3  1 
7. L1  3   L  1   L  2   e t 3
 8s  27  2   27  3  2 1    27   3 1  2 1 
 s    s  
 3    8 
 3
  8  
12
Evaluate the following
t

1 s 1  e  2 3t 3t 
1. L  2  Ans  3 cos( )  sin( )
 s  s  1 3  2 2 

1 4 s  12   4t
2. L  2  Ans 4e (1  t )
 s  8s  16 
3t

1  3s  2  e 2
3. L  2  Ans  6  5t 
 4 s  12s  9  8

1  s   2t 2 2 t
4. L  2  Ans e cos 3t  e sin 3t
 s  4 s  13 3

13
Theorem If L F (t )  f ( s) , then L  t n F (t )  (1) n f n ( s)
 dn 
Theorem: L  n f ( s )  (1) n t n F (t ) ,
1
where F (t )  L 1 f ( s )
 ds 

 s 2  4 
1
Evaluate: L  2
 s  4 
2
 
1 
s 
 1
 f ( s)  F (t )
Since L  2 
 s 4  
cos 2t  L

d s s 2  4  2s 2 4  s2
 
and 2

ds s  4 2
s 4  
2 2
s 4 
2
 
Cont 14
 d 4  s2
 f ( s) 
ds 
2
s 4
2


  2 

1  d  1 4 s
 L  f ( s)  L    (1)tF (t )
 ds   2
 s 2  4  
 4  s 2 
 L 1    t cos 2t
 2

 s 2  4 

 s 2  4 
 L 1    t cos 2t
 2

 s 2  4 

15
Theorem-6 If L  F (t )  f ( s ) , then L 
F (t )
t

  s f (u )du

1
Theorem: If {( f ( s)}  F (t ), then
L

1   F (t ) 1 1
L  s f ( s )ds   L  f ( s )
  t t

OR

1  
L 1
 f ( s)  t L  s f ( s )ds
 

16
  s 
1 Evaluate: L1  2
( s  4) 2 
 

Solution: We have L  f ( s )  tL  s f ( s ) ds
1 1

 s   s

1 1
L  2   tL ds
 ( s  4) 2
 s ( s 2  4) 2


t 1  1  t t
 L  2    (0  sin 2t )  sin 2t
2  ( s  4)  s 4 4

  1 1  
2 Evaluate: L   2  2
1
 ds 
 
s s s  1  
 1
Solution: We have L
1
 f ( s ) ds  L1  f ( s )
s t
  1 1   1 1  1 1 
 L   2  2
1
 ds   L   
 
s s s  1   t  s 2
s 2
 1 

1
 (t  sin t ) 17
t
  2 s 
3 Evaluate: L1  2

 s  1 
2


Solution: We have L
1
 f (s)  tL  s
1
f ( s ) ds

 2 s   
1  1 
 2s
L  2

 t L 
 s 2  1    s  s2 1
2
ds
 

  
 2 s  1  
1 1
L    tL   2
 2
 s 2  1  
 
  s  1  s   
 2s 
1 1  1 
L    tL  2   t sin t
 2
 s 2  1    s  1 18
Theorem: If L1{( f ( s)}  F (t ), then
1 
f (s)  t
L 
 s 
 0 F (u)du
1  1 
1 Evaluate: L  
 s s  1 

f ( s)  1 
t
Solution: We have L 
 s 
 0 F (u)du
1
Here f (s)   L 1 f ( s )  e t  F (t )
s 1
 1 
1  1  1  s  1 
t
L   L 
 s s  1   s 
 0 e u du  e t  1

  19
 1   1
2 Evaluate: L  3 2
 
s s 1  
f ( s)  1 
t
Solution: We have L 
 s 
 0 F (u)du
1
Here f (s)  2  L 1 f ( s )  sin t  F (t )
s 1

1   1 t
L  2

s s 1   0 sin u du   cos t  1  F (t )
1   1 1 1  t
L  2 2 L 
s s 1   2 
s s s 1     0 (1  cos u) du  t  sin t  F (t )
1  1  1  1  t t2
L  3 2
 L  2 2
s s 1   
s s s 1      0
(u  sin u ) du   cos t  1
2
20
Find the following
1  1  t 2
1 1
 cos 2t 
1 L  3 2

 Ans.
s s  4  8 16  16

1  s 2
2 
2 L  2  Ans. cos 2 t

s s  4  
 s2  3 
1 1
3 L  2  Ans. (2 cos 3t  1)

s s  9  3 

21
 1
Theorem: If {( f (s)}  F (t ), then
L

d 
L  f ( s)  tL1 f (s)  tF (t )
1

 ds 
1 1  d 
Or L  f ( s)   L  f ( s)
1

t  ds 

22
Example: 20Evaluate L1cot 1 (s  1)
Solution:
1
 1
 1 1  d 1 
L cot ( s  1)   L  cot ( s  1)
t  ds 

1  1 
 L1 cot 1 ( s  1)   L1  2
t 1  ( s  1) 

e t 1  1  e t sin t
 L cot ( s  1) 
1 1
L  2

t 1  s  t

23
   s 2  b 2 
20Evaluate L ln 
1

2 
  ( s  a ) 

  s 2
 b 2
 1 1  d  s 2  b 2 
Solution: L ln 
1
   L  ln 
2 

2 
  ( s  a )  t  ds  ( s  a) 

1 d d 
  L1  ln( s 2  b 2 )  2 ln( s  a)
t  ds ds 

1 1  2s 2  2(e at  cos bt )
 L  2 2   Ans.
t s  b s  a t

24
Find the following
1  1 1  sin t
1 L tan  Ans.
 s t
e  2t sin t
 
2 L1 cot 1 ( s  2) Ans.
t

1 
 1  2(1  cos t)
3 L ln1  2  Ans.
  s  t
  s  
1  (1  cos t )
4 L s ln  2   cot s 
1
Ans.
  s  1   t2

25
Theorem: If L1{( f ( s )}  F (t ), then

L1
e  as
  F (t  a), t  a
f ( s)  G (t )  
 0 ta

 3 s 
8e
1 Evaluate: L1  2 
s  4

1  2
Solution: We know that L 
2   sin 2t
s  4

 3 s   3s 
1 8e 1 2e sin 2(t  3), t  3
L  2   4L  2   4
s  4 s  4 0, t 3

26
   s 
( s  1) e
2 Evaluate: L1  2 
 s  s 1 

Solution: We have
1 ( s  1)  1  s  1 2  1 2 
L  2 L  2 
 s  s  1  ( s  1 2)  3 4 

1  s 1 2 1  12 
L  2  L  2 
 ( s  1 2 )  3 4   ( s  1 2) 3 4

e  1 2  t
 
cos 3 2 t 
1  1 2  t
3
e sin 3 2 t  

Cont 27
   s 
( s  1) e
 L1  2 
 s  s 1 
 e 1 2  (t  )

 3
     
3 cos 3 2 (t   )  sin 3 2 (t   ) , t  
0, t 


28
 Convolution theorem:
Theorem: If L1 f ( s )  F (t ) and , and L1 g ( s)  G (t ) then
t
L1
 f ( s) g ( s)  F (t ) * G (t )   F (u )G (t  u )du
0

Properties of convolution:
t
(1) F (t ) * G (t )  G (t ) * F (t )   0 G(t ) F (t   )d
(2) The operation is clearly distributive with respect to

addition. F (t ) * [G (t )  H (t )]  F (t ) * G (t )  F (t ) * H (t ).
29
 1  1 
1 Evaluate L  2 2  by using convolution theorem
 s ( s  4) 

1 
1  1 1  1 
Solution: since L  2   sin 2t and L  2   t
s  4 2 s 

1  1  1 1 t
L  2 2  
 s ( s  4)  2
t * sin 2t 
2 0 (t  u) sin 2u du
t
1  t cos 2u u cos 2u sin 2u 
   
2 2 2 4  0
1  t cos 2t t t cos 2t sin 2t 
     
2 2 2 2 4 
1  t sin 2t 
  
2 2 4 
30
  2 
20 Evaluate 1
L 
( s  1)( s 2
 1)
 by using convolution theorem
 

 2  1  1 1 
Solution: L1    2 L  
 ( s  1)( s  1)   s  1 s  1
2 2

 1  t  1 
Here L1    e  F (t ) , L1  2   sin t  G (t )
 s  1  s  1


1 2  1  1 1 
L    2L  
 ( s  1)( s  1)   s 1 s  1 
2 2

 2 F (t ) * G (t ))  2e t * sin t

31
By convolution theorem,
t t
e * sin t   e
t t u
sin udu  e t
 e u sin udu
0 0

t
 e ( sin u  cos u ) 
u
 (sin t  cos t )  e
t
e 
t
    
 2 0  2  2

 e au
(a sin bu  b cos bu ) 
 e sin bu du 
au
 
 a 2  b2 

 1 2 
L    2e t
* sin t  e t
 sin t  cos t Ans.
 ( s  1)( s  1) 
2

32
 1  8 
2 Evaluate L  2 3
by using convolution theorem
 ( s  1) 

1  1 
Solution: since L  2   sin t
 s  1

1  
8 1  1 1 1 
L  2 3
 8 L  2 2 2   8 sin t * sin t * sin t
 ( s  1)   s  1 s  1 s  1

t
Now, sin t * sin t   sin u sin(t  u )du
0

1 t

2 0{cos(2u  t )  cos t}du
t
1 1 
  sin(2u  t )  u cos t 
2 2 0
Cont 33
 1 1 1  1
  sin t  sin t  t cos t   (sin t  t cos t )
2 2 2  2
1
 8 sin t * sin t * sin t  8 sin t * (sin t  t cos t )
2
8 8 1
 sin t * sin t  sin t * t cos t  4. (sin t  t cos t )  4 sin t * t cos t
2 2 2
t
Now, sin t * t cos t   sin u{(t  u ) cos(t  u )}du
0

1 t

2  0 (t  u)[sin t  sin(t  2u)]du
u 2 t
1 1 1 t
 
 0 (t  u) sin(t  2u)du
t
 t sin t[u ]0  sin t   
2 2  2  2

Cont 34
 2 t
1 t sin t 1  (t  u ) cos(t  2u ) 
 t 2 sin t    
2 4 2 2 0

1 t ( 1)( 1) cos(t  2u ) t 2 sin t 1 1


2 0 2
du 
4
 t cos t  sin t.
4 4

1  8
L  2 3
 ( s  1) 

1  t 2 sin t 1 1 
 4. (sin t  t cos t )  4   t cos t  sin t .
2  4 4 4 

 2 sin t  2t cos t  t 2 sin t  t cos t  sin t

 3 sin t  3t cos t  t 2 sin t
35
  4s 
20 Evaluate 1
L  2
( s  1) 3 by using convolution theorem
 

 4s  1  1 1 s 
Solution: L1  2
( s  1) 3
 4 L 
s  1 s 2
 1 s 2
 1

   

 1  t  1 
Here L1    e  F (t ) , L1  2   sin t  G (t )
 s  1  s  1

 s 
and L1  2   cos t  H (t )
 s  1

 4s  1  1 1 s 
L1  2
 4 L  
 ( s  1)( s  1)   s  1 s  1 s  1
2 2 2

 4 F (t ) * G (t ) * H (t )  4e t * sin t * cos t

36
By convolution theorem,
t
2 sin t * cos t   2 sin u cos(t  u )du
0

t
  [sin t  sin( 2u  t )]du
0

t
 1 
 u sin t  cos( 2u  t )
 2 0
 1 1 
 t sin t  0  cos t  cos t   t sin t
 2 2 

 4et * sin t * cos t  2et * t sin t

t t
Now e * t sin t   e u sin udu  e
t t u t
 e u u sin udu
0 0

t
t  ue (  sin u  cos u ) 
u u
t e (sin u  cos u )
e    e 0
t
du
 2 0 2 37
 u u
 t (sin t  cos t )  t e sin u t e cos u
      
t t
 0 e du e du
 2  0 2 0 2
t t
 t (sin t  cos t )  t  e (sin u  cos u )  t  e (  cos u  sin u ) 
u u
   e   e  
 2   4 0  4 0

 t (sin t  cos t )  (sin t  cos t ) e ( cos t  sin t ) e

t t
      
 2  4 4 4 4

 t (sin t  cos t )  cos t e

t
    
 2  2 2

1  4s 
Hence L    e t
 cos t  t sin t  t cos t Ans
 ( s  1)( s 2
 1) 2


38
   32   
 s  1  1 
Example3 Evaluate: L1    L  3 
 s  1   s 2 ( s  1) 
   

  32   
1  s  1  1 
We have L    L  3 
 s  1   s 2 ( s  1) 
   

 
1  1  1 12 1 12 2 12
L   t  t  t
3  3 1 1 
     
s2  2 2 2

 
  t
 1  2 t 2
 L1    * et   e t u
u du
3   0
 
 s 2 ( s  1) 

39
 t t t t t
2e u 2e t 2e u 1

  e u du  

e t
2   e
u
du
0 0

2
put u  z  du  2 zdz
t t
t 2e
 2 
 2  e
z2 1
z
t t
2 zdz   2  e ert t

  Ans.
0

40
 Evaluate by using convolution theorem
 2t
1  1  3t 3e 3
1 L  2  Ans  
 s ( s  2)  2 4 4

1  1 
2 L  2 2
Ans te t  2e t  t  2
 s ( s  1) 

3 1 
L  2
1 
 Ans
1
2

sin t  cos t  e t 
 ( s  1)( s  1) 

1
 
 2t cos 2t  sin 2t 
2
1 s
4 L  2 2
Ans
 (s  4)  4
t
5 
1
L  2
s 
3
Ans  t sin 2t  2t cos 2t 
 ( s  4)  64
41
1. Non repeated linear factor
s4 A B C
  
( s  2)( s  1)( s  4) ( s  2) ( s  1) (( s  4)

2. Repeated linear factor

s4 A B C D
   
( s  2) 3 ( s  1) ( s  2) ( s  2) 2 ( s  2) 3 ( s  1)

3. Non repeated quadratic factor

s4 A Bs  C
 
(( s  1)( s 2  3s  5) ( s  1) ( s 2  3s  5)

4. Repeated quadratic factor

s4 As  B Cs  D E
  
( s 2  2) 2 ( s  1) ( s 2  2) ( s 2  2) 2 ( s  1)

42
 Partial fraction decompositions
 6 s 2  22 s  18 
1
1. Evaluate: L  3 
 s  6 s  11s  6 
2

Solution:
6 s 2  22 s  18 6s 2  22 s  18

s  6 s  11s  6 ( s  1)( s  2)( s  3)
3 2

6 s 2  22 s  18 A B C
Let   
( s  1)( s  2)( s  3) s  1 s  2 s  3
6 s 2  22 s  18  A( s  2)( s  3)  B( s  1)( s  3)  C ( s  1)( s  2)
Put s = 1, 6  22 + 18 = 2A A=1
Put s = 2, 24  44 + 18 = B B=2
Put s = 3, 54  66 + 18 = 2C C=3
Cont 43
 1  6 s 2
 22 s  18  1  1 2 3 
 L  L    
 ( s  1)( s  2)( s  3)   s  1 s  2 s  3
 1 
1 1  1  1  1 
L    2L    3L  
 s  1 s  2  s  3
 e  t  2e 2t  3e3t Ans

1  s 2
 2s  4 
2. Evaluate L  4 2 
 s  2s  s 
3

Solution:
s 2  2s  4 s 2  2s  4 s 2  2s  4
 2 2  2
s  2s  s
4 3 2
s ( s  2 s  1) s ( s  1) 2

Cont 44
 s 2  2s  4 A B C D
Let   2 
s ( s  1)
2 2
s s s  1 ( s  1) 2
s 2  2 s  4  As( s  1) 2  B ( s  1) 2  Cs 2 ( s  1)  Ds 2

s = 0  B = 4
s = 1  1  2  4 = D  D = 5.
Equating the coefficient of s2.
1 = 2A + B + C + D
 1 = 2A  4 + C  5  2A + C = 10 (1)

Cont 45
Equating the coefficient of s3
0=A+C (2)
From (1) and (2) A = 10 ; C = 10
 s 2  2s  4  1 10 4 10 5 
L  4
1
2 
L   2  2
 s ( s  1)  s s s  1 ( s  1) 

1 
1 1  1  1  1  1  1 
 10 L    4 L  2   10 L    5L  2
s s   s  1  ( s  1) 
 10  4t  10e  t  5te t

46
 
1 s 
20 Evaluate
L  2 
 ( s  4 s  13)( s  4 s  5) 
2

Soln.
s As  B Cs  D
Let  2  2
( s  4 s  13)( s  4s  5) ( s  4 s  13) ( s  4 s  5)
2 2

 s  ( As  B )( s 2  4 s  5)  (Cs  D)( s 2  4s  13)

Equating the coefficient of s3 , we get
AC  0 -----(1)

Equating the coefficient of s2 , we get

4 A  4C  B  D  0  B  D  0 -----(2) using (1)

47
Equating the constant , we get
5B  13D  0 -----(3) , from (2) and (3) B  D  0
Equating the coefficient of S , we get
5 A  13C  4 B  4 D  1  5 A  13C  1 -----(4)

1 1
From (1) and (4) A   8 C
8
s s s
 2  2 
( s  4 s  13)( s  4s  5)
2
8( s  4 s  13) 8( s 2  4s  5)

48
 
1 s 
L  2 
 ( s  4 s  13)( s 2
 4 s  5) 
 1 s  1  s 
L  2  L  2 
 8( s  4 s  5)   8( s  4 s  13) 

1 1  s  2  2  1 1  s  2  2 
 L   L  
8  ( s  2)  1 8  ( s  2) 2  32 
2

1 1  s  2  1 1  1 
 L   L  
8  ( s  2)  1 4  ( s  2)  1
2 2

1 1  s2  1 1  1 
 L  2
 L  
8  ( s  2)  3  4  ( s  2) 2  32 
2

1  2t 1  2t 1  2t 1  2t
 e cos t  e sin t  e cos 3t  e sin 3t Ans.
8 4 8 12
49
 1  s 2
 2s  3 
3 . Evaluate: L  2 
 ( s  2 s  2)( s  2 s  5) 
2

Soln. Let
s 2  2s  3
( s 2  2 s  2)( s 2  2 s  5)
s 2  2s  3

( s  1  i )( s  1  i )( s  1  2i )( s  1  2i)
A B C D
   
( s  1  i ) ( s  1  i) ( s  1  2i) ( s  1  2i)
Solving we get
1 1 1 1
A  , B   , C  ,D  
6i 6i 6i 6i
Cont 50
 1  s 2
 2s  3 
L  2 
 ( s  2 s  2)( s  2 s  5) 
2

 L
1 1
6i s 1 i
1
  L
1 1
6i  1
s 1 i 
1 1
 L
6i  1
s  1  2i  L
1 1
6i  1
s  1  2i 
1  (1i ) t 1  (1i ) t 1  (1 2 i ) t 1  (1 2 i ) t
 e  e  e  e
6i 6i 6i 6i
1  t eit  e  it 1  t e 2 it  e 2 it
 e  e
3 2i 3 2i
1 t 1 t
 e sin t  e sin 2t
3 3
1 t
 e (sin t  sin 2t ) Ans.
3
51
Find the following:
 2s 2  6s  5  1 t 5 3t
,
 2t
1 1
L  3 Ans. e e  e
 s  6 s 2
 11s  6  2 2

 5s  3  3 t
,
t
2 1
L  Ans. e  e cos 2t  e sin 2t
t

 ( s  1)( s 2
 2 s  5  2

 2s  1  1 t
2 ,
3 L1  Ans. t (e  e  2 t )
 ( s  2) ( s  1) 
2
3

 2s3  s 2  1  1 1
2 ,
4 1
L  Ans. sin t  t cos t  te  2t
 ( s  1) ( s  1) 
2 2
2 2

 s 2  2s  3  1 3 t
2 ,
5 1
L  Ans. (2t  1)e  e
t

 ( s  1)( s  1)  2 2
52
 
1 s 
L  2 
 ( s  4s  13)( s  4s  5) 
2

s As  B Cs  D
 
( s 2  4 s  13)( s 2  4s  5) ( s 2  4 s  13) ( s 2  4 s  5)

A( s  2)  B  2 A C ( s  1)  D  C
 
( s  2)  3
2 2
( s  1)2  1)

A( s  2) B  2A C ( s  1) DC
   
( s  2)  3 ( s  2)  3 ( s  1)  1) ( s  1) 2  1)
2 2 2 2 2

53
  1 s 
L  2 
 ( s  4s  13)( s  4 s  5) 
2

 A( s  2)  1  B  2 A  1  C ( s  1)  1  D
1
L  2
L  2
L   L 
 ( s  2)  3   ( s  2)  3   ( s  1)  1)   (s 
2 2 2

 Ae  2t
cos 3t 
 B  2 A  2 t t
e sin 3t  Ce cos t 
 D  C   2t
e sin t
3 1

54