Unit-I

Energy Overview and Thermal Power Plants

ENERGY UTILIZATION
o Energy due to a object’s
motion (kinetic) or
position (potential).
The bowling ball has
mechanical energy.
When the ball strikes the
pins, mechanical energy is
transferred to the pins!
 o Light energy
o Includes energy from
gamma rays, xrays,
ultraviolet rays, visible light,
infrared rays, microwave and
radio bands
o Energy caused by the
movement of electrons
o Easily transported
through power lines and
converted into other
forms of energy
 o Energy that is
available for release
from chemical
reactions.
The chemical bonds in
a matchstick store
energy that is
transformed into
thermal energy when
the match is struck.
 o Heat energy
o The heat energy of an object
determines how active its atoms
are.
A hot object is one whose atoms
and molecules are excited and show
rapid movement.
A cooler object's molecules and
atoms will show less movement.
Gravitational Energy
The energy an object or
substance has because of
its position; anything “up
high”

Nuclear Energy
Energy stored in the nucleus
of the atom
Holds the nucleus together
Sound Energy
Movement of energy through
substances in the form of
longitudinal
(compression) waves

Radiant Energy
Electromagnetic energy
that travels in transverse
waves
•Forms - How Scientists
Classify Energy

•Sources - Where We Get

the Energy To Make Our
Lives More Comfortable,
Convenient, & Productive
Energy characteristics:
It should do a large amount of work per unit mass or
volume- it means that the output energy must be more than the input energy.
It should be easily accessible - the energy source should be able to
provide energy over a long period of time. Example: coal and petroleum.
Should be easy to store and transport - most common sources of
energy such as coal, petrol and LPG need to be transported to users from their
points of production. They also need proper storage. Thus it is important to store
and transport these sources safely and economically.
Safe and convenient to use - energy sources should be safe as it is used
by a large number of people and should be convenient.
Example: Nuclear energy from a nuclear power plant is hazardous to be used at
homes.
Baltimore is the largest city in the U.S. state
of Maryland
The Kyoto Protocol is an international treaty which extends the 1992
United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC)
that commits State Parties to reduce greenhouse gases emissions,
based on the premise that (a) global warming exists and (b) man-made
CO2 emissions have caused it.

It covers the accounting and reporting of the six greenhouse gases

covered by the UNFCCC/Kyoto Protocol — currently, carbon
dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4),nitrous oxide (N2O),
hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), perfluorocar- bons (PFCs), andsulphur
hexafluoride (SF6), and nitrogen triflouride (NF3).
Overview of Thermal Power Plants
Types of fuels – Coal quality,
By
products of combustion
Thermal power plant cycle