Analog and Digital Communication-

Session 2

Ezhilazhahi.AM
(Asst.Prof)
ECE dept-ACT
Agenda
• Basic Block Diagram of Communication
• Transmitter
– Modulation
– What is modulation
– Why do we need to modulation
– Classification of modulation
– ADC
• Assignment2
Basic Block Diagram of Communication

Input S/G Tx S/G Rx S/G Output

S/G

Input Output
Input Transmitt
Transduc
er
Channel Reciever Transduc
Message er er

•Modulator •DeModulat
•ADC Noise or
•Encoder & •DAC
•Amplifier Distorti •DEcoder
on •Amplifier
Keyboard
What is
Modulation?

Why Modulation have to

be done before
transmitting???
Modulation
Modulation is the process of changing some properties
such as amplitude , frequency, or phase of a carrier wave
with data signal wave as an input signal.

Modulation
Why Modulation is used?
Example: Consider speech signal for transmission.
– Generally voice signal are low frequency signal (20Hz to
20kHz)
Problems in transmitting low frequency directly?

– Height of the antenna

– Interference
– Poor reception

– Power
Problems in transmitting low frequency
directly?
Need for Modulation

– Reduction in antenna height

– Long distance communication

– Multiplexing
– Improve the quality of reception
– Avoid mixing up of other signal/ avoid
interference.
Classification of Modulation
ADC & DAC
Where do we use this ADC and DAC
While listening to music the digitally
stored data is converted in Analog
signal through DAC and we are able
to here from our speaker

While communicating the voice

signal is 1st converted to digital signal
through ADC and then it is
transmitted from the Tx.

Similarly on the Rx. Side the digital

signal is 1st converted to speech
signal through DAC and then we are
able to here through speaker.
 Why do we use ADC & DAC
Even though when analog signal is
Input converted to electrical it is
Analog Electrical
Transduc susceptible to noise, difficult to
Signal er Signal
process and store in analog domain.

Therefore this electrical signal

• Temperature
cannot be transmitted.
•Pressure
•Sound Keyboard
•Velocity
Digital Signal Less Susceptible to noise
Easy to process & store in
digital domain.
Steps involved in ADC
Block representation of ADC
 Assignment-2

1)With a neat block diagram explain the process

involved in DAC?
 Thank You
Any Queries???????
Contact:
ezhilazhahi.ece@act.ed
u.in
9094059537