Health-related Fitness

Components
Reference
Health Optimizing Physical Education (H.O.P.E.) for Senior High School

Author
Jean Marie Daniel Cando
Objective of Exercise
•to improve or to
maintain physical
fitness.
There are fitness components that
have a direct relationship with good
health.
These are aspects of our physical and
physiological make up that afford some
protection against coronary heart disease,
problem associated with being over weight,
a variety of muscle and joint ailments, and
the physiological complications of our
response to stress.
Fitness – is defines as a condition in which
an individual has enough energy to avoid
fatigue and enjoy life.

Physical Fitness – is divided

into four health and six
skill related components.
Health related fitness
• is the ability to become and stay physically healthy.

Skill related fitness

• enhances one’s performance in athletic or sports event.
 health-related fitness components

• cardiorespiratory endurance
• muscular strength
• muscular endurance
• flexibility
• body composition
CARDIORESPIRATORY
ENDURANCE
What are the components of the
cardiorespiratory system?
Cardio
Heart = a pump between external and
internal respiration
Blood Vessels = transportation

Respiratory
Lungs = gas exchange
CARDIORESPIRATORY
ENDURANCE
• It is defined as the
body's ability to deliver
oxygen and nutrients to
all of its vital organs in
order to sustain
prolonged, rhythmical
exercise (McGlynn, 1990)
CARDIORESPIRATORY
ENDURANCE
• This means that the more oxygen
is efficient is effeciently and
effectively transported using the
body's transport system (lungs,
heart, and blood vessels), the
greater or higher your
cardiorespiratory endurance is
needed to perform normal and
more than the usual activities.
CARDIORESPIRATORY
ENDURANCE
• By definition, CRE is the most
important fitness component
because oxygen consumption,
the measure of CR, is a clear
indicator of physiological
well-being (Robbins, Powers
and Burgess, 2002)
MUSCULAR
STRENGTH
This is defined as the
ability of a muscle to
exert one maximal force
against a resistance.
(Robbins, Powers and
Burgess, 2002)
MUSCULAR
STRENGTH
This is characterized by
short duration and high
intensity efforts such as
lifting a 100 lbs. weight
at one time.
MUSCULAR
STRENGTH
Strength is essential in
performance in sports.
As Miller(2006) states,
“strong muscles help
protect the joints,
making them less
susceptible to sprains,
strains, and other
injuries”.
MUSCULAR
STRENGTH
In addition, postural
problems and low back
pain may also be
prevented, as well as
efficient task-
performance if
adequate strength is
maintained.
4 Basic Movements:
• Flexion-bending a body
segment
• Extention-straightening a
body segment
• Abduction-moving a limb
away from the body
• Adduction-moving a limb
toward the body
MUSCULAR
ENDURANCE
Muscular endurance is
defined as the ability of
the muscle to exert
repeated force against
a resistance or to
sustain a muscular
contraction (Robbins,
Powers and Burgess,
2002).
MUSCULAR
ENDURANCE
This may be
characterized by
activities of low
intensity and with a
longer duration such
as push-ups and sit-
ups.
3 Types of muscular
contraction:
• Isotonic-is a type of
muscle contraction in
which the muscle changes
length either shortening
(concentrically) or
lengthening(eccentrically)
3 Types of muscular
contraction:
•Isometric-is when the
muscle remains the
same length or the
muscle contracts at a
fixed angle
3 Types of muscular
contraction:
• Isokenitic-is an isotonic-
concentric contraction
that idone with a machine
that regulates the velocity
or speed of the movement
and resistance.
FLEXIBILITY
It is defined as the
movement of a joint
through a full range
of motion (ROM)
(Robbins, Powers and
Burgess, 2002).
FLEXIBILITY
An adequate degree
of flexibility is
important to frevent
injury and to maintain
body mobility. It can
be greatly improved
by stretching.
FLEXIBILITY
An adequate degree
of flexibility is
important to frevent
injury and to maintain
body mobility. It can
be greatly improved
by stretching.
 BODY
COMPOSITION
It is the amount of
body fat in
proportion to fat-
free weight (Robbins,
Powers and Burgess,
2002).
 BODY
COMPOSITION
It refs to the ratio
between body fat and
lean body mass that
is much better gauge
in determining
fatness compared to
body weight alone.