DYPCOE

• NAME :- SHRADHA MORE

• ROLL NO :- 24115
• CLASS :- SE COMP
• SUB :- COMPUTER NETWORKS
 SUMMARY
• Types of Network.

• Types of Internetworking devices.

• Network topologies.
 NETWORKING

• Defn:-
• Networking is the ability to connect computers and allow
them to share information and resources.

• Its purpose :-
- Exchanging information,
- Communicating by, for e.g. sending e-mail among
network users.
- Sharing information by network users.
- Sharing resources on network such as printers and
internet connections.
 TYPES OF NETWORKING
• 1} LAN (LOCAL AREA NETWORK).

-TWO TYPES OF LAN:-

(a) Peer to Peer Network
(b) Client/Server Network

• 2} MAN (METROPOLITAN AREA NETWORK).

• 3} WAN (WIDE AREA NETWORK).

• LAN :- LAN is a group of computer network communication
devices inter-connected within a geographically limited area
such as building.

• MAN :- MAN is a network that interconnects users with

computer resources in a geographic area or region larger than
that covered by even a large
LAN. The term is applied to the interconnection of networks
in a city into a single larger network.

• WAN :- WAN is a network, usually used for connecting

computers, that spans a wide geographical area. WANs can by
used to connect states, or even countries.
 TYPES OF LAN :-
1] Peer to Peer Networks
Node Node Node

Internet Node
Node

• Decentralized and distributed system

• Nodes are equivalent (Peers)
• Data could be at ANY node on the network
 2] Client/Server Network

• Nodes register their

contents with server
Client Client • Centralized server for
searches
Server • File access done on a
peer to peer basis
Reply
Query

File Transfer
 Internetworking devices
The Types of internetworking devices are:-
• Hubs

• Bridges

• Switches

• Routers
 Hubs

-> Interconnects two or more workstations into a local area

network.
-> When a workstation transmits to a hub, the hub immediately
resends the data frame out all connecting links.
-> Hubs continue to become smarter.
-> Some call any interconnection device in a LAN a hub!
 Bridges

-> Used to connect two similar LANs, such as two CSMA/CD

LANs.
-> Also used to connect two closely similar LANs, such as a
CSMA/CD LAN and a token ring LAN.
-> Examines the destination address in a frame and either
forwards this frame onto the next LAN or does not.
->The bridge examines the source address in a frame and places
this address in a routing table, to be used for future routing
decisions.
A bridge interconnecting two dissimilar LANs
Bridge interconnecting two identical LANs
 Switches
-> Combination of a hub and a bridge.
->Interconnects two or more workstations.
->When a frame arrives at a switch, the switch examines the
destination address and forwards the frame out the one
necessary connection.

•Workstations that connect to a hub are on a shared segment.

•Workstations that connect to a switch are on a switched
segment.
A Switch with Two Servers Allowing Simultaneous Access to
Each Server
Workstations connected to a shared segment of a LAN
 Bridges vs Routers
Bridge:
-> Connects two segments of the same network.
->They simply forward packets without analyzing
messages.  
Router:
-> Connects two distinct networks.
-> Provides additional functionality,
-> Internet uses routers extensively.

• a bridge does not look at protocols and a router does.

• A bridge does not look at traffic for the purpose of
allowing or disallowing it, it simply moves data from one
network to another.
• Whereas a router examines protocols and decides what to
do with each packet based on defined criteria.
 NETWORK Topologies :-
• A network can be arranged in several different ways. This arrangement is
called Network Topology.
• 4 basic types of Network Topology are:-
• 1] BUS :- In bus network each device in a network
handles its own communication control. There is no host
computer. All communication travel along a common
connecting cable called as a BUS .

• 2] STAR:- In Star network a device called as a

hub/server/host is placed in the centre of the network
and all the nodes are connected to the central hub and
communicate through it.
• 3] RING :- In ring network each device is
connected to two other devices forming a
ring. There is no central hub or host.
• 4] TREE :- In tree network several
computers are linked to central host
computer and this several computers
again act as a host to other several
computers.
Network Topology
THANK YOU
For Co-operating.