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Alergologie si
Imunologie clinica
Auto-anticorpi (IgM, IgG, IgA)
Auto-anticorpi (IgM, IgG, IgA)
INFLAMATIE
(Il-1, IL-6, IL-8, TNFa, IFNg, GM-CSF, iNOS, PAF, PGE, LT, NO)
ADCC
Auto-anticorpi (IgM, IgG, IgA)
Caz clinic 1
Date generale
• TD
• ♂
• 42
• invatator
• urban
Motivele internarii
– Diaree cronica
– Balonari postprandiale
– Greturi
AHC- fara
APP - fara
Conditii de viata si munca
- nefumator, alcool ocazional
Examen clinic
• Stomatita angulara
• Sindrom anemic
• Sindrom de malabsortie
• Leziuni tegumentare ?
Investigatii
Investigatii
• Endoscopie superioara:
– Absenta pliurilor circulare la nivelul mucoasei duodenale
– HP: atrofie vilozitara
• Examen coproparazitologic:
– grasimi↑, acizi grasi↑, celuloza↑ - digestie deficitara
– fara semne de infectie / paraziti
Diagnostic diferential
• Deficit de lactaza
• Boala Crohn
• Boala Whipple
• Limfom intestinal
• Intoleranta alimentara
• Enterita virala
Investigatii imunologice
Investigatii imunologice
• Modificari bio-umorale
• Markeri inflamatori
• Detectia auto-anticorpilor
Investigatii imunologice
severitate
• Dieta fara gluten
• Corticoterapie: Prednison 40-60mg/zi, 2-8 sapt
• Imunosupresie: Ciclofosfamida (forme severe)
Complicatii, prognostic
• Complicatii
– Limfom intestinal
– Anemie feripriva
• Prognostic
– Dieta fara gluten→ remisie clinica in 3 zile
– Fara dieta → rata mortalitatii este de 6x mai mare
Discutii
– Urticarie generalizata
• Urticarie
• Angioedem
• AV: 70/50 mm Hg
Diagnostic ?
Diagnostic
Anafilaxie
• Reactie de hipersensibilitate potential fatala cu debut rapid
• !! ADRENALINA
• Adrenalina
• Corticosteroizi
• Antihistaminice
• Repermeabilizarea cailor aeriene, oxigen
• Reechilibrare volemica
Monitorizare:
• Pulse oximetry
• ECG
• Blood pressure
Caz clinic 3
Date generale
• DR
• ♀
• 23 ani
• urban
Motivele internarii
APP
- Rinita alergica in copilarie, dar simptomele au
disparut in adolescenta
Conditii de viata:
- nefumator, pisica in locuinta
Examen clinic
– Status normal
– Semne vitale: 36,7 C, HR: 72b/min, FR si TA normale
– Fara semne de afectare organica
– Cardio-respirator in relatii normale
Investigatii necesare ?
LABORATOR ALTE:
Hemoleucograma Functia pulmonara
Teste hepatice Testare cutanata la
Electroliti serici alergeni inhalatori
Nivelul Imunoglobuline
IMAGISTICA
X-ray pulmonar
Eco-hepatica
CT-pulmonar
Teste cutanate
Spirometrie
prick
Positiv – Fel d1
Diagnostic diferential
• Infectii virale
• Pneumonie
• Imunodeficienta primara
• BPOC
• Teren atopic
Diagnostic final
Diagnostic final
• Tuse
• Dispnee
• Wheezing
• Apasare toracica
Diagnostic
Important:
• Identificarea factorilor declansatori, e.g. aer rece,
decolorant, parfum, si aeroalergeni de mediu (iarba,
polen), si expunere la noxe profesionale
• Evaluarea severitatii bolii
Simptome sugestive de astm
Antiinflamatorii Bronhodilatatorii
corticosteroizi 2-agonisti
anticolinergice
Modificatori de
leucotriene metilxantine
Bronhodilatorii
2-agonisti Anticolinergice
Stimulates Reduc
2-adrenergic tonusul vagal
receptors of bronchi Smooth
muscle
relaxation
inhibit phosphodiesterase
Metilxantine
Terapia astmului
Prognostic
• Pacienta 26 ani,
• AHC: nesemnificative
• APP: nesemnificativ
Poliartrita reumatoida
Criterii de dagnostic (American College
of Rheumatology)
■ artrita simetrica
■ noduli subcutanati
■ FR
• Evolutie variabila
Factorul Reumatoid
• Corticosteroizi / AINS
• Anticorpi monoclonali
Caz clinic 4
Motivele internarii
1. Rash malar
LES
2. Lupus discoid
Investigatii
LES
3. Fotosensibilitate
4. Ulceratii orale/nazale
5. Artrita – sedii mici
6. Serozita
7. Afectare renala
8. Afectare neurologica
9. Afectare hematologica: anemie, leucopenie,
trombocitopenie
10. Sdr disimunitar: anti-ADNdc, anti-Sm, antifosfolipidici
11. ANA
Investigatii ?
• HLG
• Biochimie: creatinina↑
• VSH ↑
1. Rash malar
2. Fotosensibilitate
3. Ulcere orale
4. Afectare hematologica
5. ANA
Management ?
Management ?
• Corticosteroizi / AINS