Movement System

By : Fadhilah Harmen
What organ is include in movement
system ?

Muscle
Movement system Bones
Joints
Muscle (Active moving organs)
What’s muscle?
Muscle is a tissue whose cells are arranged longitudinally
and has the ability to cause tension which is parallel to
longitudinal axis

Heart
Muscle Smooth
Striated
Heart Muscle
Just found in Heart
Has a slow reflex and
reaction
Used to pump blood in
or out of heart
Smooth muscle
It has homogeneous fibril
Contract by reflex and
influenced by autonomy
nerve
It has a slow reaction
Found in internal organs
like digestive tract,
respiratory tract, etc
Striated muscle (skeleton muscle)
Contract is fast and under
what we want and
influenced by conscious
nerve
light and dark lines
criss-cross along the
muscle fibers.
The function is to move
skeleton and protect it
from hard impact
Bone (Passive moving organ)
Bone
Function of bone :
 To make our body stand
To make the shape of our body
Help our body to move

Cartilage
Bone
Osteon
Cartilage
Composed of chondrocytes cells that secrete matrix
(condrine) of hyalline or collagen
Cartilage in a child come from mesenchyme with more
chondrocytes then condrine
Cartilage in an adult has less chondrocytes then condrine

Ex : ear leaf

Hard bone
Hard bone is made by the fused of cartilage by using
ossification process
Cartilage has a space that will be filled by osteoblast
(bone former cells), and osteoblast will produce
osteosit (bone cells), every unit of bone cells will
encircle the blood vessel and nerve fiber. Matrix will
produce calcium and phosphor that will make the
bone hard
What’s ossification process?
Cartilage has a space that will be filled by osteoblast
(bone former cells), and osteoblast will produce
osteosit (bone cells), every unit of bone cells will
encircle the blood vessel and nerve fiber. Matrix will
produce calcium and phosphor that will make the
bone hard
dismal
Ossivication Pericondral
condral
Encondral
Types of hard bone
Long bone (pipe bone)
ex : thigh bone, finger bone, upper arm bone
Make the red blood cell
Flat bone
 Ex : Shoulder blade bone, chest bone, rib bone
 Make the red and white blood cells

Short bone
 Ex: spinal segments

Carpus
Ankle bone
 Make the red and white blood cell
pic

Flat bone Long bone Short bone

Types of pipe bone
In the end of the bone called epiphyses
In the middle of the bone called diatheses
in the center of it there’s a space that contain bone
marrow. This space is formed by osteoclasts activity
(Perombak tulang)
 Between epiphyses and diathese there’s discus
epiphysealis. This disc is rich of osteoblast that will
influenced the height growth
Bone marrow

Red bone marrow (Medulla Ossium Rubba)

Bone marrow

Yellow bone marrow (Medulla Ossium Flava)

Pic.. Pic… picture
Differences of hard bone and cartilages
Hard bone (osteon) Cartilage
 Use to give strength to moving  consist of cells called
organ chondrocytes
 Between cells there’s a room that
In chondrocytes we will
contain protein , phosphorus,
calcium, and collagen found space called lacuna
 Older people has less flexible Has much more collagen then
bone than teenager hard bone
 In hard bone we can found a
canal (havers canal) in the
middle of osteon that consist the
blood vessels and nerve fiber
Picture
Hard bone (osteon) Cartilage
Joints
What’s joints?
Joint is the connection between two or more bones
Joint is covered by joint membrane (synovial
membrane)
This membrane will produce synovial oil that used to
be the joint lubricant
Joint is sutured by ligamen
Types of joints
Joints consist of 3:
Fixed joint (sinartrosis)
Can’t be move
Stiff joint (amfiartrosis)
Can be move a little bit
Moving joint (diartrosis)
Can be move freely
Sinartrosis
Sinartrosis adalah sendi yang tidak memungkinkan
adanya gerakan

Sinatrosis sinfibrosis :
sinatrosis yang tulangnya dihubungkan dengan
jaringan ikat fibrosa
Contoh : persendian tulang tengkorak
Sinatrosis sinkondrsis :
sinatrosis yang dihubungkan oleh tulang rawan
Contoh : hubungan antar segmen pada tulang
belakang
Amfiartrosis
Joints that can be moved a little bit

Sindesmosis: Tulang dihubungkan oleh jaringan ikat

serabut dan ligamen.
 Contoh:persendian antara fibula dan tibia.

Sindesmosis: Tulang dihubungkan oleh jaringan ikat

serabut dan ligamen.
 Contoh:persendian antara fibula dan tibia.
Take a picture
Fixed joint Stiff joint
Moving joint
Joint that can be move freely
Moving joint consist of 5 :
Gliding joint
Hinge joint
Saddle joint
Ball and socket joint
Washered joint
Gliding
joint
Joint which
has 4
direction
movement
Another joint
 Hinge joint : Joint that only can move in one
direction
: Thigh bone and calf bone joints
 Saddle joint : Joint that can move in two
directions
: thumb joints
 Ball & socket joint : Joint that can move all direction
: shoulder bone and upper arm bone
 Washered joint (pivot) : joint that move circularly
: neck bone and atlas bone
Pic ..pic… pic….
 That’s all about my
persentation
Hope you enjoy it 