LEARNING AREA 1 :

INFORMATION AND
COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY

PRIVACY
AUTHENTICATION
VERIFICATION
 LEARNING OUTCOME :
• List way to protect privacy

• State authentication and

verification methods /
technologies
 What is Privacy ?
• in IT refers to data and information privacy
How does computer technology threaten
the privacy of our data?
1. Cookies
are used to identify users by web casting, e-commerce and other web
applications.

2. Electronic profile
combining of data in a database that can be sold to the Internet by the
company to the interested parties.

3. Spyware
refers to a program that collects user information without the user’s
knowledge.
Example of cookies :
Example of internet profile :
Example of spyware:
 WHY DO WE NEED PRIVACY?
• We need privacy for anonymity.
• We also need privacy for confidentiality.
 Privacy can be protected by:
(a) Privacy law
(b) Utilities software
 Ways to protect privacy
1. Look for privacy policies on web sites.
2. Get a separate account for your personal e-mail.
3. Teach your kids that giving out personal information online means
giving it to strangers.
4. Clear your memory cache after browsing.
5. Make sure that online forms are secure.
6. Reject unnecessary cookies.
7. Use anonymous remailers.
8. Keep your e-mail private, use encryption.
9. Use anonymizers while browsing.
10. Purchase goods with cash, rather than credit card.
11. Install personal firewall.
12. Fill in only necessary information on warranty and registration form.
 AUTHENTICATION
• Process where user verifies their identity.
• 2 methods :

1. 2.
Callback Biometric
system device
Example of callback system
2 something you are
 VERIFICATION
• Act of proving or disproving the correctness of a system with
respect to a certain formal specification.
• 2 methods are :

1. 2.
User Processed
identification
object
1 something you know

Password Pin number

********* *********
2 something you have

ATM Card

Smart Card

Card
r edit Security Token
C
 Something you know

Pin number Password

Something you have

 SECURITY TOKEN
A security token is a small handheld device
that dynamically generates and displays a password.

Something you know

Static Password
Dynamic Password 342601
Something you have
 CONCLUSION
• 12 ways to protect privacy.
• 2 commonly authentication methods are :
– Biometric device (something you are – part of
user’s body)
• Fingerprint recognition, facial recognition, hand
geometry scanning, iris scanning, retinal
scanning, voice recognition, signature
verification system.
– Callback system
• Used in the bank operation and business
transaction.
 CONCLUSION
• 2 commonly verification methods are :
– User identification (something you know –
have to remember)
• Pin number or password
– Possessed object (something you have – an
object)
• Atm card, credit card, key, security token
and smart card