Relation & Analysis of Individual Level Variables With Dependent Variables in Ob-Model

Relation & Analysis of individual level
variables with dependent variables in

OB-MODEL
GROUP MEMBERS:
• Amna Huda ( 08-0524)
•Ayisha Bashir (08-0345)
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Page 1
OVERVIEW OF
PRESENTATION
 OB – model an introduction
 Countries under study
 Relation and Analysis
Productivity
Absenteeism
Turnover
Job satisfaction
Conclusion

Page 2
OB – model an introduction
A model is an abstraction of reality, a simplified representation of
some real world phenomenon.
There are 3 level of analysis in OB
Individual
Group
Organizational Systems level
We focus on individual level because the group concepts grow out
of the foundation laid in individual section.

Page 3
OB – model an introduction
DEPENDENT VARIABLES
Productivity
Absenteeism
Turnover
Job satisfaction
organizational citizenship
A fifth variable has been recently added

Page 4
Countries under study
AMERICA
GERMANY
AUSTRALIA
AUSTRIA
PAKISTAN

Page 5
Productivity
Achieving goals by transferring inputs to outputs at the lowest cost
Effectively+effiiciently

Page 6
Age Groups America Austria Australia Germany PAKISTAN
Younger
Employees 21.9% 46.5% 63.5% 70.5% 55.7%
Age 18-25
Older
Employees 78.1% 53.5% 56.3% 55.5% 60.3%
Age 26-50
•USA , AUSTRIA & PAKISTAN

•Older employees are experienced and they are more familiar with the
companies culture, rules and regulations, so they don’t appreciate
changes.
•Young employees are less experienced but they are always ready to
avail opportunities to work at better places.
•AUSTRALIA & GERMANY
•Population ageing – AGING IN WORK FORCE
• Inverted Pyramid

Page 7
GENDER America Austria Australia Germany PAKISTAN
MALE 50% 58.2% More 54.7% 55.7%
FEMALE 43% 50% Less 65.3% 43.3%
•USA , AUSTRIA & PAKISTAN

•male dominating society.
• Single Mothers & Divorce rate
•Gender harassment.
•GERMANY
•Population ageing – decrease in fertility rate

Page 8
MARITIAL America Austria Australia Germany PAKISTAN
STATUS
SINGLE 75.6% 66.7% Less 66.4% 58.7%
MARRIED 21.6% 57.9% More 55% 40.3%
• Trend to remain single.

• Family Problems & other responsibilities.
•More career oriented and hardworking.

Page 9
Absenteeism
failure to report to work

Page 10
Younger
Employees 19% less 3.75% 59.7% 46.7%
Age 18-25
Older
Employees more More 2.7% 37.9% 60.5%
Age 26-50
• GERMANY
•Population ageing – AGING IN WORK FORCE
Older people are more absent due to health factors.

Page 11
MALE Less - 3.5% 66% 37%
FEMALE Less - 3.1% 44.5% 45%
•The research on absence consistently indicates that women have

higher rates of absenteeism.
•AUSTRALIA & GERMANY

•Population ageing – decrease in fertility rate

Page 12
STATUS
SINGLE Less - 3.4% 55% 54.6%
MARRIED Less - 4.3% 45% 38.8%
•Career orientation
•Responsibilities
•Maturity and seriousness at job

Page 13
Turnover
Voluntary and involuntary permanent withdrawal from an organization

Page 14
Younger
Employees 74.8% 75.9% 26% 60% 45.3%
Age 18-25
Older
Employees 25.2% 24.1% 18% 40% 34%
Age 26-50
companies culture, rules and regulations, so they don’t appreciate
changes.
•Young employees are less experienced but they are always ready to
avail opportunities to work at better places.

Page 15
MALE 75.5% 44.8% 20% 55% 37%
FEMALE 24.5% 22.3% 20% 45% 45%
•Female turnover rate is less because they avoid changes.

Page 16
STATUS
SINGLE 65.3% 54.6% - 77.6% 54.6%
MARRIED 76.5% 23.4% - 33.7% 38.8%
•Married people want stability because they have many additional

responsibilities than single.
•Divorce rate is very high in USA , that is a factor to effects the turnover
behavior of people.

Page 17
Job satisfaction
Difference between the amount of rewards workers receive & the
amount they believe they should receive – represents an attitude

Page 18
Younger
Employees 9.7% 43.2% 68% 35% 43%
Age 18-25
Older
Employees 75.1% 56.8% 64% 65% 40.2%
Age 26-50
companies culture, rules and regulations, they are mostly more satisfied
with their jobs.

Page 19
MALE 48.6% 44.9% 75% 56% 56%
FEMALE 41.5% 55.7% 76% 68% 60%
•Not a very sharp variation.

Page 20
STATUS
SINGLE 36.6% 66.4% 32% 60% 43.6%
MARRIED 31.2% 44.3% 67% 40% 33.5%
•Family Problems & other responsibilities.

•More career oriented and hardworking.
•So they have more expectations with their job.

Page 21
organizational citizenship
Discretionary behavior that is not part of employee’s formal job
requirements, but promotes effective functioning of organization.

Page 22
CONCLUSION:
•Productivity
• varies from country to country in young and old employees.
• is more in male than female employees.
•is more in single employees than married.
•Absenteeism
• varies between young and old employees.
•On average, more in female employees.
•varies in married and bachelor employees.

Page 23
CONCLUSION:
•Turnover
•is more in younger employees.
•Is more in male employees.
•Is more in single status employees but there are some countries with
exceptions.
• JOB satisfaction
• is more in older employees than young

•Is in both males and females.
•is varies in married and single employees.

Page 24
ANY Questions?

Page 25
References
•http://www.ffg.uni-dortmund.de/medien/publikationen/FfG-Naegele-
Active-ageing-employmentPowerPointpdf.pdf
•http://www.docstoc.com/docs/2282509/CHAPTER-1-WHAT-IS-
ORGANIZATIONAL-BEHAVIOR

Page 26

Relation & Analysis of Individual Level Variables With Dependent Variables in Ob-Model

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Relation & Analysis of individual level

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•USA , AUSTRIA & PAKISTAN

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MALE 50% 58.2% More 54.7% 55.7%

FEMALE 43% 50% Less 65.3% 43.3%

•USA , AUSTRIA & PAKISTAN

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SINGLE 75.6% 66.7% Less 66.4% 58.7%

MARRIED 21.6% 57.9% More 55% 40.3%

• Trend to remain single.

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Older people are more absent due to health factors.

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MALE Less - 3.5% 66% 37%

FEMALE Less - 3.1% 44.5% 45%

•The research on absence consistently indicates that women have

•AUSTRALIA & GERMANY

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SINGLE Less - 3.4% 55% 54.6%

MARRIED Less - 4.3% 45% 38.8%

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MALE 75.5% 44.8% 20% 55% 37%

FEMALE 24.5% 22.3% 20% 45% 45%

•Female turnover rate is less because they avoid changes.

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SINGLE 65.3% 54.6% - 77.6% 54.6%

MARRIED 76.5% 23.4% - 33.7% 38.8%

•Married people want stability because they have many additional

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MALE 48.6% 44.9% 75% 56% 56%

FEMALE 41.5% 55.7% 76% 68% 60%

•Not a very sharp variation.

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SINGLE 36.6% 66.4% 32% 60% 43.6%

MARRIED 31.2% 44.3% 67% 40% 33.5%

•Family Problems & other responsibilities.

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• is more in older employees than young

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