Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
Gregory Wright
Lucent Technologies
Crawford Hill Laboratory
gwright@lucent.com
Outline
● What is an Electronic Price Label?
● How it All Got Started
● What We Looked At
● We Build a Prototype
● Competition
● The Regulatory Landscape
● Development!
● The Outcome
● Lessons Learned and Unlearned
What is an EPL?
EPL for Supermarkets
Supermarket Application
of Electronic Price Label
Diversity Antennae Ceiling Node To “Back Office”
and Computer Network
$ 1.98 /lb
Goodies
Display
Module
Shelf
Gondola
Electronic Price Label
How It All Got Started
● Communication Technologies:
» Infrared
» Optical (Fluorescent Lights?)
» Radio
» Ultrasonic
» Magnetic
What We Looked At
Crys tal
Res on ato r
DSP
Quadratur Converter
Audio
e Mixer A/D Converter
Power Directional Amp/Filter
s
AMP Coupler 4 Hz
Wide
Wilkinson Filter
2.5 GHz Combiner
Osc.
Transmit
Antenna
Receive
Antennas
• Homodyne Detection Cancels
Much Phase Noise
• 1 Watt Frequency Hopping Transmitter
• ON/OFF Keyed Modulation in Downlink
• Two-Rail Quadrature Receiver
• Several Narrow Band Receivers in DSP
• Multiple Receive Antennas for Diversity
Sideband Modulation
We Build a Prototype
83% slope
CDMA
17% learning factor
78% slope
1997
Costs in $ USD
TDMA GSM
76% 66% slope
100 2000
2000
10
0.001 0.01 0.1 1 10 100 1000
SAW
Subscribers (M) 8/8/99
Lessons Learned and
Unlearned