Teeth Development

Bud stage :
Characterized by formation of a tooth bud. The
epithelial cells begin to proliferate into the
ectomesenchyme of the jaw.
 Cap stage :
The ectomesenchymal cells aggregated forming the dental
papilla. At this point, the tooth bud grows around the
ectomesenchymal aggregation, taking on the appearance of a cap,
and becomes the enamel (or dental) organ. The enamel organ will
produce enamel, the dental papilla will produce dentin and pulp, and
the dental follicle will produce all the supporting structures of a tooth.
 Bell stage :
The cells on the periphery of the enamel organ separate into three important layers:
1. Cuboidal cells on the periphery of the dental organ and form the outer enamel epithelium.
2. The cells of the enamel organ adjacent to the dental papilla and form the inner enamel
epithelium.
3. The cells between the inner enamel epithelium and the stellate reticulum and form a layer
known as the stratum intermedium.
The dental lamina begin to disintegrates, leaving the developing teeth completely separated
from the epithelium of the oral cavity.
 Crown stage :

1. During this stage mineralized hard

tissues ocurred.
2. The inner enamel epithelial cells
change in shape from cuboidal to
columnar. The nuclei of these cells
move closer to the stratum
intermedium and away from the dental
papilla.
3. The adjacent layer of cells in the dental
papilla suddenly increases in size and
differentiates into odontoblasts, which
are the cells that form dentin..
4. The inner enamel epithelium and the
formation of odontoblasts continue
from the tips of the cusps.
5. The odontoblasts secrete an
organic matrix, into their immediate
surrounding and forming the dentin .
6. After dentin formation begins, the cells
of the inner enamel epithelium secrete
an organic matrix against the dentin.
This matrix immediately mineralizes
and becomes the tooth's enamel.
7. Outside the dentin are ameloblasts,
which are cells that continue the
process of enamel formation;
therefore, enamel formation moves
outwards, adding new material to the
outer surface of the developing tooth.
 Structural components of teeth:

Enamel : is a hard outer

layer consisting primarily
of calcium and phosphate
in the form of
hydroxyapatite.
Dentin : is the inner layer,
the bulk of the tooth.
Pulp : is the core,
containing nerves and
blood vessels.
Cementum : is the thin
layer around the root; a
bone-like material which
connects the teeth to the
jaw.
Type of teeth according to their attachments:

1. Acrodont: On the alveolar

surface of the jaw. each tooth
resides on the occlusional
surface of the jaws in a very
shallow socket. Replacement
teeth arise adjacent to the
active teeth (snakes).

2. Thecodont : Teeth may be

attached in sockets . ( replace
within the same socket
reptiles). with sockets
(mammals, crocodiles,
dinosaurs ).

3. Pleurodont: Attachement on
the inner side of the jaws
(lizards). Teeth continuously
replaced.