RTP Proxy

Date: 2008/12/18 Speaker: Ni-Ya Li Advisor: Quincy Wu

Outline
Introduction
 

NAT STUN

Operation of RTP Proxy Future work Reference

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Introduction
RTP


The real-time transport protocol to carry data that has real-time properties. A software proxy for RTP streams, works with SIP server Originally created for handling NAT scenarios

RTP Proxy


Why use RTP Proxy?



Introduction (cont.)
What is the NAT?


Network Address Translator, maps a private IP address to a public one. Public IP addresses are almost exhausted! Full cone Restricted cone Restricted port cone Symmetric
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Why use NAT?



Four types
   

Full cone NAT

Picture from: http://ms11.voip.edu.tw/~webmaster/meeting/961/ppt/Wenping/20071122_wenping_STUN_v1.ppt

Restricted cone NAT

Picture from: http://ms11.voip.edu.tw/~webmaster/meeting/961/ppt/Wenping/20071122_wenping_STUN_v1.ppt

Restricted port cone NAT

Picture from: http://ms11.voip.edu.tw/~webmaster/meeting/961/ppt/Wenping/20071122_wenping_STUN_v1.ppt

Symmetric NAT

Picture from: http://ms11.voip.edu.tw/~webmaster/meeting/961/ppt/Wenping/20071122_wenping_STUN_v1.ppt

Introduction (cont.)
The drawback of using NAT?


Unfriendliness for end-to-end applications, such as transmission of RTP streams. STUN- Simple Traversal of User Datagram Protocol (UDP) Through Network Address Translators (NATs) RTP Proxy

How to overcome the disadvantage?



Simple Traversal of UDP Through Network Address Translators (STUN)

163.22.23.24 163.22.5.59 : 56789 10.10.21.17 : 5060 10.10.21.17 : 5060 1. Client(10.10.21.17:5060) sends a request to STUN server with pubic IP address (163.22.23.24) 2. STUN server gives a response with clients public IP address and port number (163.22.5.59 : 56789) 3. Client use the public IP address and port (163.22.5.59 : 56789) to register to SIP server
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Picture from: http://ms11.voip.edu.tw/~webmaster/meeting/961/ppt/Wenping/20071122_wenping_STUN_v1.ppt

STUN (cont.)
STUN can deal with the three type of cone NAT


Allocate a new media port, and every external host can connect to internal client. The previous allocated media port can not be used by the other hosts.

If client locates behind a symmetric NAT?



Nothing heard !! RTP Proxy!! We need a new tool to relay RTP packets behind a symmetric NAT
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Operation of RTP Proxy

When SIP server receives INVITE request
Yes, returns UDP port number

extracts call-id INVITE request, Rewrite media ip:port

Session of call-id exist?

No, Creates a new session, return UDP port number

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Operation of RTP Proxy

When SIP server receives SIP response from UA2 with SDP
Yes, return UDP port number

extracts call-id Rewrite media ip:port

Session of call-id exist?

No, return error code

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Operation of RTP Proxy

After session is created, RTP proxy listens on the port for filling in the ip:port structure of two side parties.
RTP streams

10.10.59.62 : 32768 10.10.21.17 : 7080

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Future works
Loading balance


Distributed RTP proxies

A central control SIP server, decides which RTP proxy will be responsible for this conversation. SIP server gives a call to one of these RTP proxies randomly, and the decision of doing a load balance is made by proxies.

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Reference
RTP Proxy
http://www.voip-info.org/wiki/view/RTPProxy

NAT, STUN
http://ms11.voip.edu.tw/~webmaster/meeting/961/ppt/Wenping/20071122_wenping_STUN_v1.ppt

Nathelper module
http://www.kamailio.org/docs/modules/1.2.x/nathelper.html

SER Getting Started

http://siprouter.teigre.com/doc/gettingstarted/ch04s05.html

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