3D Geological Modelling at BRGM

3D Geological Modelling at BRGM
C. Truffert
BGR-GeoEurope3D 5th June 2008
05/06/2008
1. Main axis and application fields of 3D geological modelling in BRGM 2. Softwares and methods 3. Examples of applications 4. Projects in R&D
GeoEurope3D : modelling at BRGM; BGR meeting, June 2008
>2
3D Geological Modelling at BRGM 1. Two main axis
> Applications

Construction of 3D geological models (geometry + properties) Models are often the input for the simulation of a process (water or CO2 flow, seismic, )
> Research
Development of geological modelling softwares
>3
3D Geological Modelling at BRGM 1. Application fields
> > > > > > >
Basic geology knowledge (regional / local

scale)
Aquifer inventory; input model for flow simulation Urban geology Seismic risk Engineering projects
(tunnel / mineral water )
Assessment of CO2 storage capacity Assessment of geothermal potential

>4
>5
3D Geological Modelling at BRGM 2. Softwares & methods 4 Main tools used :

> > > >
Layer-cake geometry, many data
GDM + MULTILAYER
Complex geometry, true 3D objects, geophysical inversion
GEOMODELLER
Complex geometry and fault network

EARTH VISION (commercial software)
Petrophysical properties, facies, 3D simulations

ISATIS (commercial geostatistical software)
home made Methodologies and softwares

GeoEurope3D : modelling at BRGM; BGR meeting, June 2008 >6
3D Geological Modelling at BRGM 2. Softwares & methods

GDM + MULTILAYER SOFTWARES
> > > >
Layer-cake geometry, faults considered as vertical 2D geostatistical interpolation
Top, bottom or thickness of a layer
Data: boreholes, full geological map, cross sections, 3D passage points
Several thousands of data points can be taken into account
Main advantages
Full set of data consistency checks (hole-DEM, hole-hole, hole-geological map, histogram, geostatistical cross validation) Stratigraphic pile 3D Constraint points digitized on 2D maps or cross sections (in GDM) Automatic contour maps (with scale, axis, ), logs But no direct 3D visualisation export of result grids to other softwares (Arcview, Mapinfo, EarthVision)
>7

> > > >
Complex 3D geometry; geophysical inversion 3D potential field interpolation
A geological interface is a particular isovalue V0 of a 3D field V=f(X,Y,Z)
Data: boreholes, points from the geological map, digitized cross sections, 3D boundaries points + orientation data
(Number of data limited to max 2000 to 3000 per geological unit)
Main advantages
Very Easy-to-use software Takes into account structural data Complex geology (folds, inverse faults, ) Geological pile 3D constraint points digitized on 2-D map or cross sections True 3D model (geological formation known at every 3D point) Full 3D visualisation (surface+volume) Geophysical inversion
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EARTH VISION SOFTWARE
> > > >
Complex 3D geometry and fault network Spline type interpolation for layer-cake geometry, or 3D function for 3D objects Data: 3D passage points from boreholes, geological map, digitized cross sections, seismic data Main advantages
complete software, automatic fault throw re-construction geological pile Constraint points digitized in 3D 3D visualisation (surface+volume) Time/Depth conversion But more difficult to use, does not handle inequalities, expensive More adapted for oil-industry data (many seismic, few holes)
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ISATIS SOFTWARE
> Simple or complex 2D-3D geostatistics > 2D-3D Interpolation (geometry or rock
properties)
> 2D-3D Simulation (facies simulation, pixel-based

methods or object-base methods)
> Main advantages

Includes nearly all geostatistical functions 3D visualisation (surface+volume) But need of good geostatistical knowledge
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3D Geological Modelling at BRGM 3. Examples
> Basic geological knowledge
Paris Basin (MultiLayer)
Champtoceaux, Laragne (GEOMODELLER)
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> Basic geological knowledge
Marine geology (GEOMODELLER) Pre-Pliocene Geological Map (Isochronic map of the Messinian erosion surface)
Main objectives :
Describe the markers of the Messinian Salinity Crisis in the marginal basin
Understand relationships between the

Messinian phase and the regional tectonic context
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> Aquifer inventory / input model for flow simulation
Infra-Toarcian aquifer Poitiers region MultiLayer

Model of SAQ aquifers Saudi Arabia EarthVision

> 14
> Seismic risk

Suva (Fiji, 2000) : Geometry (GDM) Nice (France, 2002) : Geometry (GEOMODELLER)
Nice model (alluviums) : model used to simulate the ground behaviour during a seismic event
GeoEurope3D : modelling at BRGM; BGR meeting, June 2008 > 15
> Urban Geology

Lyon (2000) : Geometry (GDM) + 3D flow simulation Bordeaux (2006) : Geometry (GDM+ISATIS); Geotechnical and hydrogeological properties (ISATIS)
3D probability map of being in a low permeability terrain in the alluviums of a sector of Bordeaux city Size of model: approx 7 km * 6 km * 15 m
GeoEurope3D : modelling at BRGM; BGR meeting, June 2008 > 16
> Engineering projects

France-Italy Fast-Train Tunnel (2005): Geometry (GEOMODELLER, figs.) Mineral water (2007): Geometry (GEOMODELLER) + double phase flow simulation
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> Assessment of CO2 storage capacity

Dogger in Paris Basin : geometry (EARTHVISION) Dogger in Paris Basin: facies and flow properties (ISATIS) CO2Net project
Permability model in cross stratified sanstone, used for CO2 flow simulation (Cmos software GEUS)
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> Geothermal Potential

Limagnes basin (2005) : Geometry (GEOMODELLER) volume calculation Paris Basin (2007) : 3D temperature field (ISATIS)
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3D Geological Modelling at BRGM 4. Projects in R&D
>
Improving construction of models
More data in Geomodeller MultiLayer functions in Geomodeller software More realistic geological models Improve imports and exports Improve geophysical inversion Faster algorithms and automatic workflows
> >
Links with further processing
Develop appropriate meshers
Models + metadata available on the web

Public Geo-scientists,
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3D Geological Modelling at BRGM 4. Projects in R&D
> Final objective: to give the geologist an integrated

interface on his PC, enabling :
search and display available data (drill holes, geol maps ) download + pre-process this data build a geometrical model mesh this model according to the final objective of the work populate the meshes of the model with the appropriate properties simulate a physico-chemical process in this model display results in 1D, 2D, 3D, 4D
> Web server for models and results
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3D Geological Modelling at BRGM - Conclusion
> BRGM is involved in 3D geological modelling

since 10 years > 3D modelling is the key issue for geology and forward applications (ground-water, risk assessment, land-use, mineral resources and oil exploration ) > Continue Research & Developpement are needed to implement a workflow from data acquisition to 3D dynamic modelling > Different 3D modelling softwares are needed
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3D Geological Modelling at BRGM

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