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Anis Siddiqi
Pick one of the following Master Architect as your Topic for research
1. 2. 3. 4.
5.
Frank Lloyd Wright Mies van der Rohe Le Corbusier Walter Gropius
Any other famous contemporary Architect of your choice Read the attached presentation carefully Search material on the selected architect using resources in the libraries (College, NCA, UET, Punjab Public, Quid-e-Azam etc.) as well as books from book sellers and on the Internet. Identify the ideas and theories by the selected architect on the issue of Concept of Space in Architecture . Prepare a comprehensive presentation on your findings based upon: Architectural philosophy/thoughts of the selected architects Examples from his work Your own comments/judgment Provide examples from contemporary local/regional architecture to support your presentation
Recently initiated a debate on design assessment and quality assurance Presentation motivated by need to broaden discourse to design issues Also by the observation of limited focus on space and the sequential experience of space in projects Designed to motivate a debate rather stake a position
Layout of Presentation
Architecture ? Space ? Conception of Space in History Architecture and space Architecture and Space- a view
A Studious Question
What is Architecture?
What is Architecture?
Architecture
Organization
Form Space
SPACE
Use and perception
Architecture is principally concerned with place setting, activities and perception Everything architecture is tied to the differentiation of space and its arrangement as a setting for activities and experience
Another Question
What is space?
Concepts of Space
ARISTOTLE
Space is synonymous with place Space is the sum total of places occupied by bodies Everything is somewhere
Concepts of Space
NEWTON
Space and time as real things Space and time as containers of infinite extension or duration Succession of natural events find a place within them Distinguishes between absolute space, not perceived by our senses an relative space as the coordinate system
Concepts of Space
LEIBNIX
Rejected the concept of absolute space Viewed space as nothing but a system of relationship between things existing at the same time Space does not have an existence of its own
Concepts of Space
Aristotle Newton Leibniz Kant Einstein
KANT
Space is neither absolute nor a product of the relationship between objects Space belongs to the world of thought It is something that can be spoken of only from a human perspective and subjective experience Do animals perceive space?
Concepts of Space
Aristotle Newton Leibniz Kant Einstein
EINSTEIN
Rejected the concept of absolute spacetime Introduced the theory of relativity Embodied in the theory of relativity is the field theory of space based on the concept of four-dimensional space-time continuum Big bang to the black hole (Hawkins)
All are of direct relevance and application in architectural design Architecture is the simultaneous visualization of the three ideas of space
Architecture as place Architecture as 3-D coordinated spaces Architecture as 4-D space-time continuum
Architects, of course, also have their own fundamental issues or questions about space particularly in relation to their design activity of creating space Bernard Tschumi, an intellectual architect of our era has summarized some of these questions
To stimulate debate on the role of space in architecture, I will put forward some perspectives on space and how it has been/should be handled The perspective is illustrated with examples of how architects have addressed the nature of space in terms of place, 3-D coordinated spaces and 4-D space-Time continuum
Architectural design is ultimately the organization of space and activities through the introduction of boundaries Space is the engine that creates the social setting that makes architecture memorable Boundaries define interior and exterior, and within interiors, relationship and sequence of activities Any particular setting for activities denotes a place in the building
Activity boundaries differ in their level of enclosure based on the need for isolation 3-D coordination of spaces mean that you have interaction between various places Level of interaction differs based on activities
Movement is the key for the experience of a facility Movement allows for sequential experience of 3-D coordinated spaces and for memorable experience of buildings The quality of design is not determined by how much you deconstruct your form but by your consideration of space as a setting for activities and memorable experience
Design for movement is a key factor in the sensory experience of buildings Successful design can only be achieved if we balance our consideration of form with emphasis on space and the experience of buildings You can not be a good architect with considering space and the experience of space in design
Different ways to locate buildings in space and celebrate it from the outside
Unique Design of place setting can lead to a strong experience and feeling - Ronchamp Chapel
3-D coordination of Space means that spaces are not discrete but flow into each other
Designing for sequential movement allows the 4-D experience of space There is no single rule in designing for sequential experience Read Tschumi Spaces and events for more on this
The Barcelona pavilion A very simple building but with a poetic rendering of space It is the poetry of space that makes a very simple building unique
Entering into the spirit of this interior, you will discover the best possible atmosphere in which to show fine paintings or listen to music. It is this atmosphere that seems to me most lacking in our art galleries, museums, music halls and theaters Wright- The architectural Forum, 1948