When someone watches someone or something carefully Something that you directly see, hear, smell, taste, or touch

Nothing the properties of objects and situations using the five senses.E.g. seeing,hearing,touching,smelling,tasting

Tips for Answering Observation

 Answer only what you observe based on the results in the graph, diagrams ,tables OR informations given. given. Jawab berdasarkan pemerhatian kamu berdasarkan graf, carta, jadual atau maklumat yang diberikan  Do not give reasons for your answer. If you give reasons, it means that you have state an inference not observation. observation. Tidak perlu memberikan sebab dan alasan bagi jawapan kamu.sebab dan alasan hanya untuk inferens

Contoh 1
What can be observed from the diagram above?

Pigeon A Pigeon B

Pigeon A is smaller than pigeon B. Merpati A lebih kecil berbanding Merpati B

Contoh 2
State your observation after a few hours. A. The fish in container P stays alive. Ikan di dalam bekas P terus hidup B. The fish in container P stays alive, the fish in container Q dies. Ikan di dalam bekas Q mati.

Number of chicks

Contoh 3
a) What can you observe from the graph given?

The number of chicks decrease. Jumlah anak ayam menurun/berkurang

1 2 3 Day

Contoh 4
The number of marbles on a weighing balance The mass of marbles (g) 20 30 60 80 40 90

State you observation based on the table above. The mass of the marbles increase.

A fact that you decide is true because of the information that you have. Fakta yang diberikan benar berdasarkan maklumat yang diperoleh A statement worked out from a given information, such as observations and measurements. Penyataan adalah berdasarkan maklumat yang diberikan seperti pemerhatian atau pengukuran Giving an explanation for a particular object or event Memberikan penjelasan kepada objek atau keadaan

Give a reason why planet Pluto takes the longest time to make one complete movement around the Sun?
Berikan alasan mengapa planet Pluto mengambil masa yang panjang untuk melengkapkan peredaran mengelilingi matahari

Because Pluto has the biggest orbit. Pluto mempunyai orbit yang besar
Give a reason why planets are not colliding with each other?

Contoh 1

Berikan sebab mengapa tidak berlaku pelanggaran antara planet dengan planet yang lain?

Because all planets moving around the Sun in their own orbits. Contoh Sebab semua planet beredar mengelilingi matahari mengikut orbitnya. Two similar potted balsam plants are used in this experiment, They are labelled A and B. A transparent plastic bag is placed over plant A and tied at the base. Then, two potted plants are placed outdoors and watered every day for two weeks.

Contoh 3
Give an inference based on your observation.
*Observation :Plant A is still alive, plant B is dead.

Plant A is still alive because it gets air, plant B is dead because it does not get air. Pokok A terus hidup kerana mendapat udara berbanding dengan pokok B

The diagram below shows the changes of the position of a shadow throughout the day.

What can you infer about the changes of the position of the shadow?
The position of the shadow changes because the Earth rotates on its own axis from West to East. Kedudukan bayang berubah kerana bumi berputar pada paksinya dari timur ke barat

The observations are recorded by Nellina are as follows:- The toy car moves faster on the glass surface. - The toy car moves slowly on the sandpaper.
a) Write two reasons to explain the difference in the above observations.

i) i)

The glass surface is smoother and produces less friction. Permukaan kaca yang lincin mengurangkan daya geseran The sandpaper surface is rougher and produces strong friction. Permukaan kertas pasir yang kasar menambahkan daya geseran

There are three types of variables:Terdapat tiga jenis pembolehubah iaitu:a) what is changed manipulated variable Apakah yang diubah pembolehubah yang dimanipulasikan Things that being changed in the experiment b) What is observed/measured- responding variable Apakah yang perhatikan/diukur pembolehubah yang bergerakbalas Things that being observed/ recorded/measured c) What is kept the same-constant/fixed variable Apakah yang disamakanpembolehubah yang malar/sama Things that kept the same so it will not affect the result of the experiment

Suppose we want to test this statement.

Menguji berdasarkan pernyataan

The more salt dissolved in water,the higher the boiling temperature. Semakin bertambah jumlah garam yang larut di dalam air, semakin tinggi suhu takat didih a) What must be changed? Apakah yang diubah The amount of salt dissolved in water Jumlah garam yang larut di dalam air b) What must be observed? Apakah yang diperhatikan? The boiling temperature Suhu takat didih

The table shows two observations of an experiment that was conducted by Azam. Two series circuit were built. Circuit P has two bulbs whereas circuit Q has three bulbs.

Circuits The brightness of the bulbs

P Brighter

Q Dim

a) What variables that should be kept the same? - the type of circuits - the number of batteries b) What is changed? The number of bulbs c) What is observed? The brightness of the bulb

The bar chart in diagram below shows the change in the length of the shadow of an object in a study.
Length of

140

the shadow 120

100 80 60 40 20 10 9.00 10.00 11.00 12.00 1.00 2.00 3.00 a.m. a.m. a.m. noon p.m. p.m. p.m. Time

State the pattern of change in the length of the shadow from 9.00 a.m. to 2.00 p.m.

Length of the shadow decreases from 9.00 am to 1.00pm and then increases from 2.00 pm until 3.00 pm

A group of researches gathered information about an animal species in a particular forest. The table below shows information obtained by the researches.

Year 1990 1995 2000 2005

Number of animals species 200 170 150 130

a) What is the trend in the number of the animal species? Decreasing

A group of students carried out a study to find out the relationship between frogs and grasshoppers in a garden. The study was completed in five weeks. The observations are recorded in the followig table. Week Number of grasshoppers Number of frogs 1 38 5 2 30 9 3 23 14 4 17 19

State the change in the number of frogs. increases

FORMULA MENGIRA KELAJUAN, JARAK DAN MASA

JAKIM
Jarak

Nak cari? JARAK JARAK = Bulatkan JARAK JARAK = KELAJUAN x MASA

J K XM
kelajuan masa

Nak cari? KELAJUAN KELAJUAN = Bulatkan KELAJUAN KELAJUAN = JARAK MASA Nak cari? MASA MASA = Bulatkan MASA MASA = JARAK KELAJUAN

masa = 3 saat jarak = 45 meter kelajuan = ?

J K M
Contoh 1

JAKIM
KELAJUAN = JARAK MASA

Jarak = 45 = ? masa 3

The speed of car is 95 km/h. What is the distance travelled by the car in two hours? Kelajuan kereta ialah 95 km/j. Berapakah jarak yang dilalui oleh kereta tersebut dalam tempoh dua jam? A) 95 km C) 190 km Kelajuan = 95 km/j Jarak = ? Masa = 2 jam B) 60 km D) 260 km JARAK = KELAJUAN x MASA

J K XM

= 95 x 2 =?

JAKIM
Contoh 2

Yazid poured 50 cm of water into a measuring cylinder. He had several marbles of the same size. He wanted to measure the volume of each marble. He dropped the marbles, two at a time , into the cylinder. The volume of water was recorded each time he dropped the marbles as shown in the table below.
2 marbles = 2 cm 1 marbles = 2 2=1 cm

The number of marbles Volume of water (cm)

20 marbles = 20 cm + 50 cm = 70 cm

50

52

54

56

60

Predict the volume of water if 20 marbles were dropped into the measuring cylinder. 70 cm

PREDICT
Forecasting a future occurrence based on past observations or the extension of data
Beaker Quantity of salt (spoon) 6 8 10 Distance of egg from the water surface (cm) 5.0 4.5 4.0

Q R

? 12 Predict the distance of the egg from the water surface if 12 spoons of salt are used in the investigation. 3.5 cm

TREND
Adakah ianya bertambah/meningkat(INCREASE) Atau berkurang/menurun(DECREASE)