1. Examination of the lens by direct ophthalmoscopy 2.

Abnormal lens features by direct ophthalmoscopy

By Hakimah Khani Binti Suhaimi

1. Examination of the lens by direct ophthalmoscopy

Normal Red Reflex

2. Abnormal lens features by direct ophthalmoscopy

2. Abnormal lens features by direct ophthalmoscopy

1. General.* a) Loss of normal red reflex.* (Fig. 3.9-3.11) b) Dark spots in red reflex.* c) Abnormal color of red reflex.* d) Spontaneous dislocation of lens.* 2. Lens abnormalities found in important ocular diseases.** a) Cataract (clouding or opacification of lens).** b) Implanted artificial intraocular lens.**
International Council of Ophthalmology

1 a) Loss of normal red reflex

Bradford CA. Basic ophthalmology. 8th ed. San Francisco, CA: American Academy of Ophthalmology; 2004

Bradford CA. Basic ophthalmology. 8th ed. San Francisco, CA: American Academy of Ophthalmology; 2004

Bradford CA. Basic ophthalmology. 8th ed. San Francisco, CA: American Academy of Ophthalmology; 2004

1 b) Dark spots in red reflex

Seen in congenital cataract.

1 c) Abnormal color of red reflex

Probably due to cataract in retinoblastoma.

1 d) Spontaneous dislocation of lens (Luxation lentis)

with visible equator of lens

with visible zonula fibers

A crescent-shaped red reflex seen in Marfan s syndrome.

Pediatric & Strabismus: Marfans, Syndrome Subluxed Lens

2. Abnormal lens features by direct ophthalmoscopy

1. General.* a) Loss of normal red reflex.* (Fig. 3.9-3.11) b) Dark spots in red reflex.* c) Abnormal color of red reflex.* d) Spontaneous dislocation of lens.* 2. Lens abnormalities found in important ocular diseases.** a) Cataract (clouding or opacification of lens).** b) Implanted artificial intraocular lens.**
International Council of Ophthalmology

2 a) Cataract

The most common cause of reversible blindness. The degree of visual disabilities depends on the size and location of the opacity. Axial opacities involving the nuclear or central subscapular areas cause much more disabling visual loss than the peripheral opacities

Cataract: Anterior Polar Cataract

Cataract: Mature Cataract

This is a patient s left eye. The pupil is dilated. Two white dots can be seen under the slit-lamp.

This is a patient s left eye. The pupil is dilated and covered by white opacity.

Fig 2 Red reflex showing a nuclear cataract The presence of opacities in the reflex

This is the left eye of a patient. The pupil is dilated. The abnormality that can be seen here is a central opacity surrounded by peripheral opacities.

Bradford CA. Basic ophthalmology. 8th ed. San Francisco, CA: American Academy of Ophthalmology; 2004

Cataract: Vision Yellow

The yellow coloration of the nuclear cataract causes the patient to have yellow vision.

Bradford CA. Basic ophthalmology. 8th ed. San Francisco, CA: American Academy of Ophthalmology; 2004

Bradford CA. Basic ophthalmology. 8th ed. San Francisco, CA: American Academy of Ophthalmology; 2004

Langs, A Short Textbook Atlas of Ophthalmology

2 b) Implanted artificial intraocular lens

Cataract: OL Posterior

Cataract: PC IOL

Cataract: IOL in Place Drawing

Thank You