The Concorde Jet

By: Mordejai Burstein

History:
of March 1959 - Thinking of commercial supersonic planes - Great Britain 17 of August1962 (Handley Page) HP-115 tests a HPsupersonic wing - Great-Britain Great9

History:
of December 1968 The Soviets create the Tupolev TUTU144, nicknamed Concordski, is the first supersonic commercial plane to fly. It flew for 38 minutes. 2 of March 1969 -Toulouse, Concorde 001 takes off. 9 of April of 1969 - Up to Concorde 002.
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History:
1

of October 1969 Concorde 001 crosses sound barrier Toulouse . 18 of February 1973- The TU-144 where withdrawn from 1973TUany further flights with no reason given, after two of them crashed.

History:
of January 1976 First comercial flight for the concord. 23 of July 2000 - British Airways discloses that cracks had been found in the wings of all seven of its Concorde jets. Air France makes a similar disclosure the following day, having found cracks in four of its six Concordes. 25 of July 2000- An Air France Concorde flying to New 2000York crashes outside Paris shortly after takeoff, killing all 113 people on board and four people on the ground.
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The Concorde vs. Other Passenger Jets

Boeing 747 aircraft cruises at about 560 mph (901 kph, or Mach 0.84) at an altitude of 35,000 ft (10,675 m). In contrast, the Concorde cruises at 1,350 mph (2,172 kph, or Mach 2) 2) at an altitude of 60,000 ft (18,300 m). The Concorde is limited in setting, it can only take 100 passengers while a Boeing 747 can take up to 416 passangers. The Concorde has not video capabilities because it was thought too heavy, however the Boeing 747 does have it.
A

Features of the Concorde that other aircraft do not have:

As any aircraft approaches the speed of sound (1100 ft/s, 343 m/s), the air pressure builds up in front of the aircraft, forming a "wall" of air. To punch through that wall of air, planes must be streamlined. Streamlined design
Needle-like Needle-

fuselage Swept-back delta wing SweptMoveable nose Vertical tail design

long, narrow shape of the Concorde reduces the drag on the plane as it moves through the air.

The

Features of the Concorde that other aircraft do not have:

wing of the Concorde is thin, swept back and triangular. There is no space between the fuselage and the wing of the Concorde. The Concorde's wing is called a delta-wing design and deltadoes the following:
drag by being thin and swept back (55 degrees with the fuselage) Provides sufficient lift for takeoff and landing at subsonic speeds Provides stability in flight so that no horizontal stabilizers are needed on the tail
Reduces

The

Features of the Concorde that other aircraft do not have:

The

Concorde has a longer, needle-shaped nose compared to most commercial jets: needleThe nose helps penetrate the air, and can be tilted down upon takeoff and landing (13 degrees) so that the pilots can see the runway. Also, the Concorde's nose has a visor to protect the windshield when flying at supersonic speeds. Engine design Engines built into the wing Afterburners The engines on the Concorde provide the thrust necessary for takeoff, cruising and landing. The Concorde has four Rolls Royce/Snecma Olympus 593 Turbo Jet engines. Each engine generates 18.7 tons (180 kN) of thrust. Together, the four engines burn 6,771 gallons (25,629 liters) of fuel per hour.

Features of the Concorde that other aircraft do not have:

Concorde's engines are attached directly to the underside of the wing without engine struts. This design reduces air turbulence and makes for a more stable engine. At supersonic speeds, engine struts would be overstressed and likely to break. The Concorde's engines use afterburners to gain additional thrust to reach supersonic speeds. Afterburners mix additional fuel with the exhaust gases from the primary combustion chamber and burn it to get more thrust.
The

Features of the Concorde that other aircraft do not have:

Main

and auxiliary fuel tanks

Concorde has 17 fuel tanks that can hold a total of 31,569 gallons (119,500 liters) of kerosene fuel. The Concorde also has three auxiliary or trim fuel tanks that are use to maintain center of gravity equal to center of lift.
The

High-reflectivity Paint HighBecause the Concorde moves faster than sound, the air pressure and friction (collision with air molecules) really heat up the plane. The temperature of the aircraft's skin varies from 261 degrees Fahrenheit (127 degrees Celsius) at the nose to 196 F (91 C) at the tail. To help reflect and radiate this heat, the Concorde has a high-reflectivity highwhite paint that is about twice as reflective as the white paint on other jets. To minimize the stress on the aircraft, the Concorde is made of a special aluminum alloy (AU2GN) that is lightweight and more heat-tolerant than heattitanium.
Go to in order to see interactive design: http://travel.howstuffworks.com/concorde2.htm

So why the Concorde was not a success?

was not cost efficient. (Demand decrease and cost increase). It cost around $9300 to go from Europe to USA round trip in a concord.
It

Citations:
http://travel.howstuffworks.com/ www.concorde-jet.com www.concordewww.cnn.com www.cbs.com