TECHNICAL SEMINAR PRESENTATION

NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

MIGRATION OF GSM TO GPRS

Presented by

NISHITH RANJAN SAHOO Roll no: EI200117284

Under the Guidance of

Dr. Partha S. Mallik

Nishith Ranjan Sahoo EI200117284

MIGRATION OF GSM TO GPRS

NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

INTRODUCTION
GPRS (General Packet Radio Service)
Reuse the existing GSM infrastructure Introduce packet-switched routing functionality Better data transfer rates Low cost and connectivity-oriented Migration Path to 3G Networks Always on / always connected
Nishith Ranjan Sahoo EI200117284

MIGRATION OF GSM TO GPRS

NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

NEED FOR GPRS

Existing Cellular networks have problems: Data Rates too slow about 9.6 kbps Connections setup too long & complicated Proves expensive for bursty traffic utilization Inefficient resource utilization for bursty traffic No efficient method for packet transfers
Nishith Ranjan Sahoo EI200117284

MIGRATION OF GSM TO GPRS

NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

PACKET-SWITCHED TECHNIQUE VS. CIRCUIT-SWITCHED

In circuit-switching, resources (e.g. a channel) are allocated to user for duration of connection Inefficient use of resources User pays for the whole connection High QoS: channel maintains real-time connection In packet-switching, resources are allocated to user only for the time it takes to send each packet A channel can serve many users User pays by the packet Ideal for bursty data connections
Nishith Ranjan Sahoo EI200117284

MIGRATION OF GSM TO GPRS

NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

GPRS ARCHITECTURE
GPRS = GSM + packet switching. GPRS has the features of a real data network. Speeds up to 190 kbps (theoretical maximum). No dial-up modems needed, but direct connections. Billing based on sended/received bits, no telephone ticks. All applications available (www, e-mail, ftp,..). The setup time is negligible less than a second.
Nishith Ranjan Sahoo EI200117284

MIGRATION OF GSM TO GPRS

NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

GPRS ARCHITECTURE
How is the high speed of GPRS realized? Dynamic assignment of bursts to a user. In GSM 1 burst per user. In GPRS theoretical maximum of 8 bursts per user.
000 Data: 57 bits 1 Sync: 1 Data: 57 bits 000 26 bits

Nishith Ranjan Sahoo

EI200117284

MIGRATION OF GSM TO GPRS

NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

MIGRATION FROM GSM TO GPRS

The migration path from GSM to GPRS requires: Additional packet switching nodes (routers between the base stations and the mobile switch center). The existing GSM nodes to be upgraded with GPRS functionality. Commercial data services to be provided for this a GPRS operator needs to deploy other elements like Access servers and Firewalls.
Nishith Ranjan Sahoo EI200117284

MIGRATION OF GSM TO GPRS

NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

GPRS ENVIRONMENT

Nishith Ranjan Sahoo

EI200117284

MIGRATION OF GSM TO GPRS

NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

GPRS ARCHITECTURE : MOBILE STATION

GPRS MS includes two components: MT (Mobile Terminal). Typically a handset used to access the radio interface. TE (Terminal Equipment). Typically a laptop or a Personal Digital Assistant (PDA). Three types of MS: Class-A: Could be attached to both GPRS and other GSM services, and the MS supports simultaneous operation of GPRS and other GSM services. Class-B: Could be attached to both GPRS and other GSM services, but the MS can only operate one set of services at a time. Class-C: Could be exclusively attached to one service type at a given time.
Nishith Ranjan Sahoo EI200117284

MIGRATION OF GSM TO GPRS

NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

GPRS Architecture Interfaces

MSC/VLR A Gb TE R MT Um BSS Gn SGSN Gp GGSN Other PLMN Gs D Gn GGSN Ga HLR Gr Gc Gi PDN Ga CGF SGSN Gf EIR Billing System TE

CGF(Charging Gateway) Nishith Ranjan Sahoo EI200117284

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MIGRATION OF GSM TO GPRS

NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

SGSN SERVING GPRS SUPPORT NODE

At the same hierarchical level as the MSC. Transfers data packets between mobile stations and GGSNs. Keeps track of the individual MSs location and performs security functions and access control. Detects and registers new GPRS mobile stations located in its service area Participates into routing, as well as mobility management functions.
Nishith Ranjan Sahoo EI200117284

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MIGRATION OF GSM TO GPRS

NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

GGSN GATEWAY GPRS SUPPORT NODE

Provides inter-working between PLMN and external packet-switched networks. Converts the GPRS packets from SGSN into the appropriate packet data protocol format (e.g., IP or X.25) and sends out on the corresponding packet data network. Participates into the mobility management. Maintains the location information of the mobile stations that are using the data protocols provided by that GGSN. Collects charging information for billing purpose.
Nishith Ranjan Sahoo EI200117284

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MIGRATION OF GSM TO GPRS

NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

GPRS ARCHITECTURE:BACKBONE NETWORK

Tunnels of data and signaling messages between GPRS support nodes.Protocol architecture based on the Internet Protocol (IP). GTP (GPRS Tunneling Protocol) used to tunnel user data and signaling between GPRS Support Nodes. Two kinds of GPRS backbone Network: Intra-PLMN backbone network: The IP network interconnecting GSNs within the same PLMN. Inter-PLMN backbone network: The IP network interconnecting GSNs and intra-PLMN backbone networks in different PLMNs. Border Gateway handles the packet transfer between GPRS PLMNs.
Nishith Ranjan Sahoo EI200117284

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MIGRATION OF GSM TO GPRS

NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

GPRS ARCHITECTURE: BACKBONE NETWORK

Packet Data Network

Inter-PLMN Backbone Gi GGSN BG Gp BG GGSN Gi

Intra-PLMN Backbone SGSN SGSN

Intra-PLMN Backbone SGSN

Nishith Ranjan Sahoo

EI200117284

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MIGRATION OF GSM TO GPRS

NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

PACKET TRANSFER

Nishith Ranjan Sahoo

EI200117284

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MIGRATION OF GSM TO GPRS

NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
PLMN2 BTS BSC SGSN SGSN Gn
Border Gateway Inter-PLMN GPRS Backbone

BSC BTS MS
Intra-PLMN GPRS Backbone

PLMN 1

Gp
Border Gateway

Intra-PLMN GPRS Backbone

Gn Gn SGSN GGSN

GGSN Gi
Packet Data Network(PDN) Eg.Internet,Intranet Host

Router

Nishith Ranjan Sahoo

EI200117284

16

MIGRATION OF GSM TO GPRS

NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

MOBILITY MANAGEMENT
Mobility management is the means by which GPRS keeps track of a mobile subscriber location while connected to the Network. Main concepts : GPRS mobility management states GPRS network access. Attachment. Location management Packet Data protocol PDP context Detachment
Nishith Ranjan Sahoo EI200117284

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MIGRATION OF GSM TO GPRS

NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

MOBILITY MANAGEMENT STATES

IDLE
GPRS Attach
Explicit Detach

unreachable mobile
GPRS Detach

READY reachable mobile

Timer expiry/ Force STANDBY/ Abnormal RLC condition
PDU Transmission /Reception

STANDBY
Nishith Ranjan Sahoo EI200117284

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MIGRATION OF GSM TO GPRS

NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

CONCLUSION
The GPRS should cost uses less than circuit-switched services since communication channels are being used on a shared basis and also the packets are need-based rather than dedicated only to one user. The next stepping stone would be moving towards 3G by implementing EDGE (Enhanced Data rates for Global Evolution), The GPRS is the key transition phase and is a fundamental requirement for Third Generation Mobile Communications.
Nishith Ranjan Sahoo EI200117284

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MIGRATION OF GSM TO GPRS

NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

THANK U !!!!!!!!!!!!!

Nishith Ranjan Sahoo

EI200117284

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