Chapter 5: Section 1 Comparing and Ordering Fractions

November 4th, 2008. Remind Your Folks to Vote.

Multiples
A

multiple of a number is the PRODUCT of that number and any nonzero

number.

12 is a multiple of 4

Multiples of 5: 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, etc. 1x5=5 What are the COMMON 2 x 5 = 10 MULTIPLES of 5 and 10? 3 x 5 = 15 etcetera Multiples of 10: 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, etc. 1 x 10 = 10 What is the LEAST 2 x 10 = 20 COMMON MULTIPLE 3 x 10 = 30 of 5 and 10? etcetera

Word Problem
Today both the school baseball and school soccer teams had games. The baseball team plays every 6 days. The soccer team plays every 5 days. When will both teams have games on the same day again?
Finding the COMMON MULTIPLES of 5 and 6 will tell you on which days, from TODAY, that the two teams play on the SAME day.

Word Problem
Find the COMMON MULTIPLES of 5 and 6.
Multiples of 5: 5, 10, 25, 30, 35, 40etc.

Multiples of 6: 6, 12, 18, 24, 30etc.

Go no further! What is the LEAST COMMON MULTIPLE?

The next time the Baseball team and Soccer team will play on the same day is 30 days from today!

Find the Least Common Multiple: LCM

3, 4:

4, 5:

3, 4, 5:

LCM with Prime Factorization

Multiples of 12 = 22 3 (2 2 3) = 12

Multiples of 40 = 23 5 (2 2 2 5) =40
Multiply: 23 5 3 = 2 2 2 5 3 = 8 15 =120

Find the LCM of Nasty Numbers. 1) Write the Prime Factorizations (Factor Tree) 2) Use the greatest power of each factor. 3) Multiply.

Find the Least Common Multiple: LCM

9, 15:

12, 15, 18:

Use Prime Factorization for Variables.

Find the LCM for 6a2 and 18a3: 6a2: 2 3 a2 18a3: 2 32 a3
2 32 a3 = 2 3 3 a3 = 9 2 a3 = 18a3 18a3 is the Least Common Multiple

Comparing Fractions
You can use a number line to compare fractions. Comparing fractions means INEQUALITIES.
4/9 and 2/9

-4/9 and -2/9

-4/9 and 2/9

Least Common Denominator

Fractions can have different denominators. 1) Rewrite the fractions with a common denominator. 2) Compare the numerators. 3) The Least Common Denominator (LCD) of two ore more fractions is the Least Common Multiple of the denominators.

Quick Reminder on Finding Common Denominators.

Multiply the fraction by 1 (or a fractional form of 1) to make an equivalent fractions with a usable denominator.

A usable denominator would be the Least Common Denominator, which can be found through Prime Factorization.

Word Problem Example

The math team won 5/8 of its competitions and the debate team won 7/10 of its competitions. Which team won the greater fraction of competitions?
Step 2) Write equivalent fractions with a denominator of 40.

Word Problem Example

The math team won 5/8 of its competitions and the debate team won 7/10 of its competitions. Which team won the greater fraction of competitions?
Step 1) Find the LCM of 8 and 10: 8 = 23. 10 = 2 times 5. LCM = 23 5 = 2 2 2 5 = 8 5 = 40

Word Problem Example

The math team won 5/8 of its competitions and the debate team won 7/10 of its competitions. Which team won the greater fraction of competitions?
Step 3) Compare the fractions.

The debate team won the greater fraction of competitions.

Ordering Fractions = Inequalities

Do the previous three steps for ordering fractions. 1) Find the LCM of the denominators. 2) Write equivalent fractions with the LCM of the denominators. 3) Compare the fractions with inequalities.

Chapter 5, Section 2: Fractions and Decimals.

Remember Long Decimal Division?

Convert Fractions to Decimals by Dividing the Numerator into the Denominator. When there is no remainder to a division problem, then the quotient is called a TERMINATING DECIMAL.
5/8 = ?

There may be several decimal places before you get to a remainder of zero.

Write each fraction or mixed number as a decimal.

1 7/8 3 3/10 3/5

Repeating Decimal
Repeating Decimal: When the same block of digits are repeated without end in the quotient.
Examples: 2/3 and 15/11, try them

Comparing/Ordering Fractions
When Comparing or Ordering Fractions, it might help to convert the Fractions to Decimals.
Order from least to Greatest: 0.2, 4/5, 7/10, 0.5

Writing Decimals as Fractions

Reading a decimal correctly provides a way to write a fraction. 0.43 is read as forty-three hundredths, which is the same as 43/100.
Write 1.12 as a mixed number in simplest form: Write 2.32 as a mixed number in simplest form:

Algebra and Repeating Decimals as Fractions.

Write 0.7272 (repeating) as a fraction in simplest form.

N = 0.72 Let the variable n equal the decimal. 100N = 72.72 Because 2 digits repeat, multiply each side by 102, or 100. 100N = 72.72 - N - 0.72 The subtraction property of Equality allows you to subtract an equal quantity from each side of the equation. So, subtract to eliminate 0.72.

Algebra and Repeating Decimals as Fractions.

Write 0.7272 (repeating) as a fraction in simplest form.

100N = 72.72 - N - 0.72 99N = 72 Divide each side by 99. 99 99 N = 72/99 Divide the numerator and denominator by the GCF, 9. N = 8/9 Simplified.

Assignment #33
Page 227: 15-43 odd. (15 problems). Page 232: 27-49 odd. (12 problems). 25 Problems total.