Understanding and managing Individual Behavior and Group Process

O.B. field of study that investigates the impact that individuals, groups, structures have on behavior within organization fir the purpose of applying such knowledge towards improving an organizational effectiveness.

Individual Behavior

B=F(P,E and O) Personal factors Environment factors Organizational factors

Personal Factors

Physical Age Gender Religion Marital status Experience Ability Personality Perception Attitude

Environment

Economic

Employment level Wage rate Gen. economic condition Technological development

Socio-cultural Political Legal

Organizational

Physical facilities Organizational structure Leadership Reward system

Interpersonal behavior

Transactional analysis: understanding. Predicting and controlling. Technique used to help people better understand their own and others behavior, especially in interpersonal relationships. Ego State Life Positions

Ego States

Parent Ego-protecting, Controlling, Nurturing. Adult Ego- Rational, Calculating, factual.

Collection and processing of information

Child Ego- reflects emotions developed in response to childhood experiences.

Spontaneous, dependent, creative natural., adaptive, rebellious

Transactions

A person expects a response from another person in the state he requires the answer in transactions involving state positions that may confirm or conflict with the required behavior. Complementary Non-Complementary Ulterior

Complementary: ego states of sender and receiver in transactions are simply reversed in the response. Non-Complementary: sender sends a message or exhibits a behavior on the basis of his ego state but this message or behavior is reacted to by as incompatible or unexpected ego state on the part of the receiver. Ulterior: involve more than one ego states and the communication has double meaning.

Analysis of self awareness

Johari Window Open Blind

Hidden

Unknown

Analysis of life positions

I am OK You are not OK I am Ok You are Ok

I am not Ok You are not Ok

I am not Ok You are OK

Group Dynamics

Group may be defined as a social phenomenon in which two or more persons decide to interact with one another, share common ideology and perceive themselves as a group. Features of group

A small aggregation of persons Common interest Interaction Perceived collective identity

Types of groups

Command Group Task Group Interest Group Friendship Group Formal and Informal Groups

Group Dynamics as a social process by which people interact face to face in small groups. Dynamics is a Greek word meaning force Study of forces operating within the group and influence their attitude and behavior, interaction between one group and other group and the organization as a whole.

Principles