COMPARE AND CONTRAST L1 & L2 ACQUISITION IN ONES LIFE

Nor Syaida Amran Nurulhusna Yaacob Salwa Wahidan Izzan Fatihin Md Atan

Differences

ACQUISITION

LEARNING

DEFINITION

Acquisition process by which you gain knowledge or learn a skill ( Longman Dictionary ) In the context of language The process of attaining a specific variant of human language. The process of learning a native or a second language. Learn naturally Meaning more important than structure

http://users.ecs.soton.ac.uk/harnad/Papers/Py104/pinker.lang acq.html

"Language acquisition does not require extensive use of conscious grammatical rules, and does not require tedious drill." Stephen Krashen "Acquisition requires meaningful interaction in the target language natural communication - in which speakers are concerned not with the form of their utterances but with the messages they are conveying and understanding. Stephen Krashen

Learning Knowledge gained through reading and studying ( Longman Dictionary ) In the context of language learning is the product of formal instruction and it comprises a conscious process which results in conscious knowledge 'about' the new language and can talk about that knowledge example knowledge of grammar rules make the student able to fill in the grammar page.

http://www.sk.com.br/sk-krash.html

SIMILARITIES OF L1 & L2 ACQUISITION

A continuous process Need to be trained and frequent practices L2 learners, like L1 children, at first put negative elements at the beginning of the sentence No, the sun shining

DIFFERENCES OF L1 & L2 ACQUISITION

L1 - little variation in degree of success or route L2 learners vary in overall success and route children normally achieve perfect L1 mastery adult L2 learners are unlikely to achieve perfect L2 mastery

3. Variation

1. Overall success

L1 - target language competence L2 learners may be content with less than target language competence or more concerned with fluency than accuracy

4. Goals

2. General failure

L1 - success guaranteed L2 - complete success rare

DIFFERENCES OF L1 & L2 ACQUISITION

L1 - correction not found and not necessary L2 - correction generally helpful or necessary L1 - children develop clear intuitions about correctness L2- learners are often unable to form clear grammaticality judgments L1 - not needed L2 - helpful or necessary

7. Negative evidence

5.Intuitions

L1 - not involved L2 - play a major role determining proficiency

8. Affective factors

6. Instruction

REFERENCES
http://homepage.ntlworld.com/vivian.c/ SLA/L1%20and%20L2.htm http://serendip.brynmawr.edu/biology/ b103/f03/web2/mtucker.html