Doc.: IEEE 802.

15-01/448r0

Project: IEEE P802.15 Working Group for Wireless Personal Area Networks (WPANs)
Submission Title: Trellis Coding for QPSK, 16/32/64-QAM Transmission modes Date Submitted: 12 October 2001 Source: Jeyhan Karaoguz Address: Broadcom Corporation, 16215 Alton Parkway, Irvine, CA 92619 Voice: 949 585 6168 E-Mail: jeyhan@broadcom.com Re: Abstract: This proposal describes an 8-State Trellis Code suitable for QPSK, 16/32/64-QAM transmission modes delivering 11, 33, 44, 55 Mbps. Purpose: Notice: This document has been prepared to assist the IEEE P802.15. It is offered as a basis for discussion and is not binding on the contributing individual(s) or organization(s). The material in this document is subject to change in form and content after further study. The contributor(s) reserve(s) the right to add, amend or withdraw material contained herein. Release: The contributor acknowledges and accepts that this contribution becomes the property of IEEE and may be made publicly available by P802.15

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Signal Constellations

64-QAM TCM (55 Mbit/s) 32-QAM TCM (44 Mbit/s)

16-QAM TCM (33 Mbit/s)

QPSK (22 Mbit/s uncoded, 11 Mbit/s coded )

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QPSK, 16/32/64-QAM Set Partitioning

16, 32, 64-QAM Set Partitioning d

8d

2d

4d

D0

D4

D2

D6

D1

D5

D3

D7

QPSK Set Partitioning

D0

D2

D1

D3

Jeyhan Karaoguz, Broadcom Corporation

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8-State Multi-Rate TCM Encoder

Symbol Selection from Subsets b4 b3 b2 b1 bo

64-QAM 1,3,4,5 bits/symbol (=0 for QPSK) 32-QAM 16-QAM 2-D Output to Pulse Shaping Filter

T
Subset Selection (D0,,D7)

QPSK

QPSK, 16/32/64 QAM TCM Mode Selection

Jeyhan Karaoguz, Broadcom Corporation

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Trellis State Transitions for 16,32,64QAM

D0 D2 D4 D6 D5 D7 D1 D3 D2 D0 D6 D4 D7 D5 D3 D1

Doc.: IEEE 802.15-01/448r0

D4 D6 D0 D2
D1 D3 D5 D7 D6 D4 D2 D0 D3 D1 D7 D5

Minimum distance error event occurs between code sequences D0-D0-D0 and D2-D1-D6 Squared Euclidean distance between these sequences: 2d2+d2+2d2 = 5d2 Approximate coding gain: 10log(5/2) = 4 dB 5
Jeyhan Karaoguz, Broadcom Corporation

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Doc.: IEEE 802.15-01/448r0

Trellis State Transitions for QPSK

S0 S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 S6 S7
D0 D2 D1 D3 D2 D0 D3 D1

D0 D2
D1 D3 D2 D0 D3 D1

Minimum distance error event occurs between code sequences: D0-D0-D0-D0 and D2-D1-D0-D2 Squared Euclidean distance between these sequences: 2d2+ d2+ 0+ 2d2 Approximate coding gain: 10log(5/2) = 4 dB (compared to uncoded BPSK) 6
Jeyhan Karaoguz, Broadcom Corporation

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Optimal 8-State Multi-Rate TCM Encoder

Doc.: IEEE 802.15-01/448r0

Symbol Selection from Subsets b4 b3 b2 b1 bo

64-QAM 1,3,4,5 bits/symbol (=0 for QPSK) 32-QAM 16-QAM 2-D Output to Pulse Shaping Filter

T
Subset Selection (D0,,D7)

QPSK

QPSK, 16/32/64 QAM TCM Mode Selection

Jeyhan Karaoguz, Broadcom Corporation

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Optimal Trellis State Transitions for QPSK

Doc.: IEEE 802.15-01/448r0

D0 D2 D1 D3 D2 D0 D3 D1

D0 D2
D1 D3 D2 D0 D3 D1

Minimum distance error event occurs between code sequences: D0-D0-D0-D0-D0 and D2-D1-D3-D0-D2 Squared Euclidean distance between these sequences: 2d2+ d2+ d2+ 0+ 2d2 Approximate coding gain: 10log( 6/3) = 4.8 dB (compared to uncoded BPSK) 8
Jeyhan Karaoguz, Broadcom Corporation

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Receiver Sensitivity
Receiver Sensitivity:
AWGN14 MHz BW + Noise Figure (15 dB) + SNR10-5 BER -68 dBm for 64-QAM TCM, 55 Mbit/sec -71 dBm for 32-QAM TCM, 44 Mbit/sec -74 dBm for 16-QAM TCM, 33 Mbit/sec -75 dBm for QPSK (uncoded), 22 Mbit/sec -78 dBm for BPSK (uncoded), 11 Mbit/sec -82 dBm for QPSK-TCM (optimal code), 11 Mbit/sec

Jeyhan Karaoguz, Broadcom Corporation

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Comparison of SNR Requirements

Operating at 10-5 BER
22 Mbps uncoded QPSK modulation requires 12.6 dB SNR 11 Mbps uncoded BPSK modulation requires 9.6 dB SNR 11 Mbps QPSK-TCM modulation requires 5.5 dB SNR

When uncoded QPSK operates at 10-5 BER

11 Mbps uncoded BPSK achieves 10-9 BER 11 Mbps QPSK-TCM achieves 10-21 BER

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Jeyhan Karaoguz, Broadcom Corporation

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Header and Payload Coding

22, 33, 44, 55 Mbps (QPSK, 16/32/64-QAM TCM) Transmission Modes

Header (MAC+PHY) QPSK

Payload QPSK, 16/32/64-QAM TCM

11 Mbps QPSK-TCM Transmission Mode

Repeat Header (MAC+PHY) Header (MAC+PHY) QPSK QPSK-TCM

Payload QPSK-TCM

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Jeyhan Karaoguz, Broadcom Corporation

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Conclusions
Use of QPSK-TCM for 11 Mbps transmission mode
allows the same signal constellation used in the base QPSK mode
No mention of BPSK signalling, constellation, EVM spec, etc.

Same 8-State TCM code is used for transmission

modes 11, 33, 44, 55 Mbps

QPSK-TCM achieves 4 dB more coding gain

compared to 11 Mbps uncoded BPSK modulation

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Jeyhan Karaoguz, Broadcom Corporation

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References
Channel Coding with Multilevel/Phase Signals, G. Ungerboeck,
IEEE Transactions on Information Theory, January 1982

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Jeyhan Karaoguz, Broadcom Corporation