Environmental Management

System

“Protecting the Environment is Everyone’s

Job.”
 Contents
 Environment
 Why EMS
 Environment Institutes & Laws in Pakistan
 What is EMS.
 History of EMS.
 Advantages of EMS.
 What is ISO & ISO 14000
 What are Aspects, Impacts and its
severity.
 How to implement EMS.
 What is an Environment?
 Surroundings in which organization operates
and interaction with surrounding.
 Surrounding includes:
 Air / Water / Land
 Natural Resources
 Flora / Fauna
 Humans
 What are Environmental
Aspects?

 Air Emissions (Smoke, NOx, SOx, CO, etc.)

 Water Effluents (COD, BOD, pH, TDS etc.)
 Noise ( 85db )
 Land Contamination
 Use of Natural Resources
 Energy Consumption
 Waste and By-Products
 Physical Attributes e.g. Size, Shape, Color,
Appearance
Air Emissions
Water Effluent
Land Contamination
Solid Waste
Open Air Burning
Ozone Depletion Process
 Why Implement an EMS?
To get your environmental ducks in a row!

 Struggling to stay in compliance and keep track of

regulations/laws
 Environmental management is one of many
responsibilities
 Establish a framework to move beyond compliance
 Vehicle for positive change; improved employee
morale, enhanced public image
 Less Employee turnover
 Why Implement an EMS ?
More reasons:

 Helps to identify the causes of environmental

problems.
 better to make a product right the first time
 to prevent a spill or other accident
 cost effective to prevent pollution
 Trade and competitive issues
 Inconsistency in environmental regulation and
enforcement
 Many individual parts may already
be in place – just need to unify under
the EMS umbrella!
 Why Implement an EMS?
Case 1

The environmental and other multiple factors which

were brought in. as a result, led to ban of the
SURGICAL GOODS by USA and threat by European
countries to ban LEATHER GOODS from Pakistan and
also restrict import of SEA FOODS due to pollution at
Karachi Sea-port. And not only that, the export of
AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS might be banned due to
excessive use of out-dated pesticides. This is another
aspect of the global agreements which may possibly
hurt the exports trade of Pakistan rather deeply.
Results
 Why Environment Protection
Legislation?
 As a result of increasing environmental awareness
at the global level.
 Stockholm Conference, Vienna Convention, Rio de
Jenro’s Earth Summit, Kyoto Protocol, Bassel
Convention, Montreal Protocol, Rotterdam
Convention…
 Pakistan ratified several International Treaties,
Protocols, Conventions. To fulfill obligations under
these treaties, development of an environmental
institutional infrastructure was mandatory.
 To encounter the growing Environmental
Stresses
 To accomplish development in harmony with
environment
 Structure of Environment
Institutes in Pakistan
Pakistan Environmental Protection
Council

Federal Ministry of
Ministries Environmen
Pakistan EPA
t

Provincial
NGOs Provincial
EPAs Departmen
ts
 Role and Functions of EPAs
 Monitoring and Regulating agency
 Responsible for enforcement of PEPA 1997
 Enforcement National Environmental Quality Standards
(NEQS)
 Implementation of Rules and Regulations made under
the Act
 Advise and coordinate with the government, NGOs etc.
on preventive measures for abatement of pollution
 Pakistan
Environmental Protection
Act of 1997
 Offence by Body Corporate
 Firm, Association of persons, or Society
 When any contravention of this Act has been
committed by a body corporate with
 Consent or connivance of, or
 Negligence on the part of any
 Director, Partner, Manager, other officer of BC
 Such …… shall be deemed guilty of such
contravention along with BC and PUNISHED
accordingly.
 What are NEQS?

Maximum level of concentration for a

pollutant to be discharged legally into the
environment (air & water)
 What are NEQS?
Annexure-I: NEQS for Municipal & Liquid Industrial Effluent
32 parameters (mg/L)
For example
Parameter Inland Waters Sewerage Treatment
Sea
BOD 80 250
Annexure-II: NEQS for Industrial Gaseous Emissions
200 16 parameters (mg/Nm3)
For example
Parameter Particulate matter (Boilers & furnaces)
a. Oil fired 300
b. Coal fire 500
Annexure-III: NEQS for Vehicular Emissions and Noise
3 parameters (mg/Nm3)
For example
Smoke 40% or 2 on the Ringlmann Scale
Carbon dioxide 4.5% (New vehicles)
6.0% (Used Vehicles)
Noise 85 dB
 h i e v e H ow
t o a c stra to d
H o w l e t e
a i n a b e g i v e
s u s t e n t ? e s ? l o p
What i p m ? e
s tdheevelo t e r t h
Solutio c o u n
n ? ?? t o e n
w n t a l
Judicious Ho Implementation
o n m e
n v i r ?
of Environmental e e s ? ? Laws
t re s s
s
? ? ?
Ho w
What ???
 What is an EMS?
 Systematic way of managing an organization’s
environmental affairs
 Based on Plan-Do-Check-Act Model (PDCA)
 Focused on Continual Improvement of system
 Addresses immediate and long-term impact of an
organization’s products, services and processes on
the environment.
 A tool to improve environmental performance
 External Drivers for ISO 14001?

 Environment is hot topic in the

globalization world.

 Air emission, effluent, land

contamination etc. are source of global
effect and severe impacts.
 Brief History of EMS Models

 BS 7750
(Base / British Standard)
 EMAS

(Eco-Management & Audit

Scheme)
 ISO 14000 Series
 ISO 14000: A series of
standards

 Created by the International Organization of

Standardization, a non-governmental organization
(NGO) established in 1947, located in Switzerland

 ISO is a worldwide federation of national standards

bodies from over 100 countries; American National
Standards Institute (ANSI) is US representative
 They have created many standards: ISO 9000, ISO/TS 16949
 ISO 14000 Family
 A series of guidance documents and
standards to help organizations address
environmental issues. Ones below deal with
EMS.
 14001: Environmental Management Systems
 14004: EMS general guidelines
 14010: Guidelines for Environmental Auditing
 14011: Guidelines for Auditing of an EMS
 14012: Auditing - Qualification criteria
 To Whom Do the Standards
Apply?

 Standard is Voluntary
 Large and Small Business & Industry
 Service Sectors (hospitals, hotels, etc.)
 City and County Government
 Applicable to all types of organizations, of all
sizes anywhere in the world
 Becoming ISO 14001 certified

 ISO 14001 is the only certification standard

 Registration body examines EMS for conformity
to the ISO 14001 standard
 Not a compliance audit, an EMS audit
 Facility awarded registration
 Does NOT mean that products are more
environmental friendly
 Does mean have a documented EMS that is
fully implemented and consistently followed
 EMS and the
Federal Government

 EPA is authority in Pakistan which issues

standards.
 NEQS – National Environmental Quality
Standards.
 Based on the
EMS Model PDCA Model,
Plan-Do-Check-Act
Policy

Management Planning
Review

Implementation

Checking
Corrective Action
What does ISO 14001 Say?
 17 Requirements in ISO 14001
Env. Policy 4.2
Env. Aspects 4.3.1
Legal and other req. 4.3.2
Obj., targets & Program 4.3.3
Structure and Responsibility
4.4.1
Training, awareness, and
competence 4.4.2
Communication 4.4.3
EMS documentation 4.4.4
Document control 4.4.5
Operational control 4.4.6
Emergency preparedness and
response 4.4.7
Monitoring and measurement
4.5.1
Evaluation of Compliance 4.5.2
Corrective/preventive action
4.5.3
Control of Records 4.5.4
EMS audit 4.5.5
Management Review 4.6
 ISO 14001 Key Elements

 Policy Statement
 Identification of Significant Environmental
Impacts
 Development of Objectives and Targets
 Implementation Plan to Meet Obj. and Targets
 Training
 Management
Review

How you meet the elements is up to you

 Based on the
EMS Model PDCA Model,
Plan-Do-Check-Act
Policy

Management Planning
Review

Implementation

Checking
Corrective Action
 ISO 14001 Policy Statement
(4.2)

 Management’s declaration of commitment to the

environment.
 Policy Statement
 3 Main Elements (Big 3)
 Commitment to Compliance
 Commitment to Prevention of Pollution, and
 Commitment to Continual Improvement
 Broader definition of pollution prevention
 Available to Interested Parties
 EMS Policy Statement
 Must be appropriate to the nature, scale and
environmental impacts of the organization’s
activities, products or services
 Provides a framework for setting and reviewing
objectives and targets
 Way of communicating environmental mission
internally and externally
 Broader definition of pollution prevention than
EPA’s: not just source reduction,
but also recycling, treatment,
disposal, and material substitution
HOW TWO COMPANIES
COMMUNICATED THEIR POLICY
STATEMENT TO EMPLOYEES
 Based on the
EMS Model PDCA Model,
Plan-Do-Check-Act
Policy

Management Planning
Review

Implementation

Checking
Corrective Action
 Aspects and Impacts
(4.3.1)

 An organization evaluates and addresses

its own significant aspects, including non-
regulated aspects
 May be positive or negative
 Think from the fenceline:
 Aspect: Cause or Input: Element of an
organization’s activities, products, or services which
can interact with the environment
 Impact: Effect or Output: Any change to the
environment, whether adverse or beneficial, resulting
from an organization’s activities, products, or services
 Aspects and Impacts
 Consider:
 Air emissions
 Solid/hazardous waste
 Water effluents
 Contamination of land
 Noise, vibration and odor
 Land use, energy use, water use
 Raw material and resource use
 Positive environmental issues Not just
regulated issues!
 Example:
 Aspect - Radioactive material
 Impact – Transportation and storage issues;
Environmental contamination
 Ranking (4.3.1)
 The organization shall establish and
maintain procedures to identify its
environmental aspects in order to
determine those which can have a
significant impact on the environment.
 Rank aspects and impacts in order to assess
their significance
 Company-specific
Ranking/Significance Scoring

Consider:
 Environmental Concerns
 Regulatory/legal exposure; health/env. risks; conservation
 Business Concerns:
 Effect on the public image; community concerns
 Cost savings; cost recovery period; equipment/facility
 Other issues:
 Scale, duration, and zone of impact
 Probability of occurrence - frequent, likely, possible,
rarely, unlikely
 Severity of impact - catastrophic, severe, moderate, minor
 Example Significance Matrix
Activity, Aspect Impact Legal Public Frequency Severity OS Significance
Product, Liability Concern R (OSR>2.5)
Service

Dissolve Water Resource 1 3 2 1 1.75 No

Mineral use depletion
Ore

Natural Resource 1 1 2 2 1.50 No

Gas depletion
Use

Natural Air 1 2 2 1 1.50 No

Gas pollution
Use (Nox)

Use of Spills to 3 2 3 3 2.75 Yes

Strong land or
Acids water
 Legal and Other
Environmental
Requirements (4.3.2)
 Setting legal framework for the EMS
 have a procedure to identify and access the legal
requirements: state, federal, local
 have a documented system for keeping up-to-date
 communicate to the right people
 Industry-specific requirements
 S.I.T.E. Association
 Chamber of Commerce (ICC) Charter
 Other voluntary requirements
 Planning (4.3)

Review policy

Determine
significant impacts Establish
obj./target
Determine legal/
other rqmts.
 Objectives &Targets (4.3.3)

 The organization shall establish and maintain

documented environmental objectives and
targets.

 Can include commitment to:

 reduce waste
 reduce or eliminate release of pollutant
 design product to minimize environmental impact in
production, use, and disposal.

 Be realistic. Keep objectives simple, flexible, and

measurable.
 OBJECTIVES & TARGETS
 Reduce generation of  Reduce spent solvent
hazardous waste by 80% by 01/2002
 Improve indoor air
 Reduce emissions by
quality by reducing 90% by 05/2002
solvent odors
 Prevent spills
 Max. of 2 /yr. by 2003
 Reduce electricity use
 Reduce electrical use by 10% by 08/2002
 Planning

Review policy

Determine significant Develop

Establish Env. Mgmt.
impacts
obj./target program
Determine legal/
other rqmts.
 Env. Mgmt. Program
 Plan: Switch to aqueous cleaning process
 Action- Substitute water based cleaning process for
vapor degreasing process
 Responsibilities - Process Engineering
 Schedule -
Bench top trials - 2 months (date)
Full scale pilot - 3 months (date)
Implementation period - 1 month (date)
 Resources needed - 1 FTE for 4 months
- Est. Budget $12,000
 Based on the
EMS Model PDCA Model,
Plan-Do-Check-Act
Policy

Management Planning
Review

Implementation

Checking
Corrective Action
 Implementation (4.4)
 Structure/responsibility (4.4.1)
 Training, awareness, & competence (4.4.2)
 Communication (internal/external) (4.4.3)
 Env. Mgmt. System Documentation (4.4.4)
 Document control (4.4.5)
 Operational control (4.4.6)
 Emergency preparedness
and response (4.4.7)

Sections overlap: For example, 4.4.2 and 4.4.6 require that

employees have info. on EMS as well as knowledge of
environmental impacts from operations and activities
Resources, Roles, Responsibility
and Authority

 Clear understanding of environmental roles

and responsibilities
 Establish individual to oversee EMS

 Management ensures proper resources

allocated to EMS
 4.4.1 Resources, Roles,
Responsibility and Authority
 Management must provide  Management must appoint
resources for EMS - human EMS Management
resources, specialized Representative who
skills, organizational  Ensures the EMS
infrastructure, technology Requirements are
and financial resources established, implemented
and maintained in
 Roles, responsibilities and accordance with ISO 14001
authorities need to be
defined, documented and  Reports performance to top
communicated management for review
including recommendations
for improvement
 Competence,
Competence Training and
Awareness
 Provide adequate training to personnel who
deal with environmental issues
 Ensure personnel are capable to perform
their responsibilities
 4.4.2 Competence,
Competence Training
and Awareness
 Requires that any all persons performing tasks
associated with significant environmental impacts to
be competent
 Identify Training Needs associated with
environmental aspects and EMS, provide training
and keep records

 Establish, implement and maintain a procedure to

make persons working for it or on its behalf aware of
several specific items
 Communication
 Systemof internal and external
communication in place for the EMS and
environmental issues
 4.4.3 Communication
 Establish, implement and maintain a procedure for

 Internal Communication about Environmental Aspects and

EMS

 Receiving, documenting and responding to “Relevant”

Communications from external parties
 Decide whether to communicate externally about significant
aspects and document decision. If decide to communicate, must
establish and implement a method for this external
communication.
 Documentation, and Control of
Documents
 Specifies
documentation to be in place for
EMS and how that documentation will be
handled
 4.4.4 Documentation
 EMS documentation must include:
 Environmental policy, objectives and targets
 Description of EMS scope
 Description of main elements of EMS, their interaction and
reference to related documents
 Documents and records required by ISO 14001
 Documents and records necessary to ensure effective
planning, operation and control of processes related to
significant impacts
 4.4.5 Control of Documents

 Must establish, implement and maintain a procedure to

 Approve documents for adequacy prior to issue
 Review and update as necessary and re-approve documents
 Changes and current revision status of documents are identified
 Relevant versions are available at points of issue
 Documents remain legible and readily identifiable
 Documents of external origin are identified and controlled
 Prevent unintended use of obsolete documents, and suitably
identified
 Operational Control
 Planand carry out processes to prevent and
minimize impacts to the environment
 4.4.6 Operational Control
 Must identify and plan operations associated with significant
aspects so they are consistent with the Environmental Policy,
and Objectives and Targets
 Operational Controls are used to minimize impacts to the
environment and prevent pollution
 Must establish, implement and maintain documented procedures
to control situations where the lack of documented procedures
could lead to deviations from the Environmental Policy, and
Objectives, and Targets
 Procedures must have operating criteria
 Procedures and requirements must be communicated to
suppliers and contractors
 Emergency Preparedness and
Response
 Procedures
for identifying and managing
emergencies that can have environmental
impacts
 4.4.7 Emergency Preparedness
and Response

 Establish, implement and maintain procedure to

identify potential emergency situations and
accidents
 Respond to actual emergency situations and
accidents, and prevent or mitigate adverse
environmental impacts
 Review and revise procedures, especially after an
accident or emergency occurs
 Periodically test procedures
 Based on the
EMS Model PDCA Model,
Plan-Do-Check-Act
Policy

Management Planning
Review

Implementation

Checking
Corrective Action
 Checking/Corrective
Action (4.5)
Monitoring and
Measuring
(4.5.1)
Non-conformance and
Records
Corrective/Preventive
(4.5.3)
Action
EMS Auditing (4.5.2)
(4.5.4)
 (4.5.1) Monitoring
and Measuring
 The organization shall establish and maintain
documented procedures to monitor and measure
... the key characteristics of its operations that
can have a significant impact on the
environment.
 Track how well the system is working
 Measure the key characteristics of those
activities that can have significant impacts
 Analyze the root causes of problems
 Evaluation of Compliance
 Systematic process for evaluating
compliance with applicable regulations and
other requirements
 4.5.2 Evaluation of Compliance

 Establish, implement and maintain a procedure for

periodically evaluating compliance with applicable
legal requirements and keep records of the
evaluation
 Evaluate compliance with “other requirements” and
keep records of the evaluation
 Can combine the two evaluations or establish a
separate procedure for “other requirements”
(4.5.3) Non Conformance
and Corrective and
Preventive Action
 Develop procedure for investigating,
correcting, and preventing system
deficiencies
 Set up process for assigning
responsibilities for and tracking completion
of corrective action
 Set up process to revise EMS procedures
based on corrective actions
 (4.5.4) Records

 The organization shall establish and

maintain procedures for the identification,
maintenance and disposition of
environmental records
 Include - training records, audits,
management reviews
 (4.5.5) EMS Auditing

Develop internal EMS audit program

 Are all EMS requirements met?
(Are we meeting the standard?)
 Is the system working?
(Are we doing what we said we would?)
Determine audit frequency and procedures;
train auditors; keep records of audits,
findings, and follow up actions
 Internal Audit
 Conductchecks (EMS audits) to determine if
EMS is working properly
 4.5.5 Internal Audit
 Ensure internal audits of your EMS are conducted at planned intervals to
 Determine whether your EMS

 Conforms to ISO 14001 Standard

 Has been properly implemented and maintained
 Provide audit results to management

 Audit program shall be established, implemented and maintained, and take into
account environmental importance of the operation and results of previous
audits

 Audit procedures shall be established, implemented and maintained that

address

 Responsibilities and requirements for planning and conducting audits,

reporting results and retaining records

 Determination of audit criteria, scope, frequency, and methods

 Auditors must be objective and impartial

 Based on the
EMS Model PDCA Model,
Plan-Do-Check-Act
Policy

Management Planning
Review

Implementation

Checking
Corrective Action
 (4.6) Management Review
 Reviews EMS to ensure its continuing
suitability, adequacy and effectiveness
 Reviews process to ensure necessary
information is collected for evaluation
 Review must be documented
 Consider changes to:
 policy
 objectives
 other EMS elements
 Management Review
 Top management receives and reviews
information about the EMS, and recommends
changes for improvement
 4.6 Management Review
 Top Management shall review your EMS
 Purpose of meetings is to ensure the continuing suitability,
adequacy and effectiveness of EMS
 Need to assess opportunities for improvement and need for
changes to EMS, environmental policy and objectives and
targets
 Review must be documented and records retained
 ISO 14001 outlines requirements for inputs and outputs to
management review
 Thoughts on Going for
ISO 14001
 Attend an overview class (need a champion,
know what’s coming)
 Start with gap analysis or “road map”
 6-18 months to design and fully implement
 Work in teams or task groups
 Staff resources
 Incorporate Health and Safety?
 Level of Involvement of Suppliers/Contractors
 Training (internal/lead auditor, overview)
 Using an accredited trainer/registrar
 Short Summary
 What is EMS.
 History of EMS.

 Advantages of EMS.

 What is ISO & ISO 14000

 What are Aspects, Impacts and its

severity.
 How to implement EMS.
Thank You.