21878 Studies in Business Communication:

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Oral Communication

4/15/12

Speaking in different public situations

Impromptu speech Wedding speech Work presentation Sermon Sport pep talk Work briefing Elevator pitch

Persuasion and audience analysis

Audience members can be analysed in terms of

the degree of authority a person has, that is, the power an individual has to make things happen the degree of influence a person has, that is, the effect an individual has on others

Persuasion and audience analysis

Four types of people who will judge any presentation or pitch:

1. Decision-makers 2. Influencers 3. Collectors 4. Socials

Dealing with problem audiences

USE THE GRAPEVINE -political KNOW YOUR STUFF PROCEDURES- eg multiple ? TELL THE TRUTH

Planning 1

Just what is it you want to say, and how can you best say it? What is it the audience wants to hear and not hear? What, in your judgement, does it need to hear? How can you make your message effective, standing out from other messages?

Time planning

Time is the best ally you can have, and haste your worst enemy, in any speaking situation even those that are nominally spontaneous or impromptu When planning an oral communication, you should factor in

At least twice the planned speaking time for rehearsal At least ten times the planned speaking

Content planning

Pattern of exposition: historical, geographical, inductive, deductive, problem solution, 5W-H (what, where, who, why, when, how) Content quantity: How many points can you make before you overload your audience? What is the minimum you can get away with so that your audience does not feel

Content planning

Focus: What angle, emphasis or spin will you put on the content to accentuate certain aspects, concentrate attention and differentiate your approach from that of others? Spice: What material can you include that will add variety and insight, such as quotations, statistics, humour, an anecdote or story,

The presentation structure model

Planning

Think of your oral communication as having a three-part talk structure:

opening or introduction, body or main section, and conclusion or closing

The three parts reflect one of the oldest models for speech communication:

Tell them what you are going to tell them Tell them

Other Planning Tips

Consider a road map graphic showing the structure of your talk Consider using repetition to drive points home Increase the information density and rhetorical momentum of the talk so it builds to a climax at the end of the main or body section Create variety in content, delivery,

Rehearsal

Rehearsal is essential

it helps you determine what material works and what doesnt it is a vital stress management strategy For a formal presentation full rehearsal

Non-verbal Communication

Using your voice

Pronunciation

the act of producing the sounds of speech

Articulateness and Articulation

the ability to say meaningful word by the ability to say those words clearly

Voice Pitch

Great Speeches

Consider and analyse these speeches:

http:// www.youtube.com/watch?v=d6wRkzCW5 What makes them great?