plant organs is a collection of plant tissues that have specific functions.

kinds of plant organs are root, stem, leaf and flower. Parts of organs in plants :

1. Root 2. Stem 3. Leaf 4. Flower

The root is the root origin of the institution (radix), in dicots, the root of the growing institution that forms the taproot, the monocots, roots die institution, and then on the base of the stem will grow roots nearly equal in size to form a fibrous root. Monocots and dicots root tip is protected by a hood or kaliptra roots, whose function is protecting the root tip when penetrating the soil, there kaliptra cells that contain the grains amylum, called kolumela. Root Function a. To tether the body of plants on land b. Can serve to store food reserves c. Dam water absorbs mineral salts dissolved

a. Epidermis (outer skin) Consisting of a layer of cells located meeting and there are no spaces between cells. Epidermal cells located one beam line with xylem undergoes modification to form root hairs. Functioning root hairs absorb water and nutrients from the soil. b. Cortex Consisting of several layers of thin-walled cells and the arrangement does not coincide. There are a lot of space between cells whose function is to exchange gases.
c. Endodermis Endodermis is the innermost tissue layer of the cortex boundary, consisting endodermis cells have thickening of the lignin or suberin, which are impermeable. Cell wall thickening is shown as a ribbon mengililingi cell walls and are called ribbon kapsari. d. Cylinder Head / stelae Part contained inside the endodermis. Outer boundary of the central cylinder consists of a network periskel which is easily distinguished from other networks. Periskel cells facing the xylem file is meristematis & capable of forming a branch root. Based on these properties is also called perikambium periskel.

Dicotyledonous stem
In dicotyledonous stems are the layers from the outside in: a. b. c. d. Epidermis Cortex Endodermis Stelae / Cylinder Head

a. Epidermis Consisting of a compact cell membranes, has no space between cells. The function of the epidermis to protect the underlying tissues. On the stem secondary growth, the layer of the epidermis is replaced by a cork layer that is formed from kambium cork. b. Cortex Stem cortex is also called first shell, consisting of several layers of cells, which is close to the epidermal layer composed of kolenkim network, composed of more into the parenchymal tissue. c. Endodermis Endodermis stem is also called the skin, composed of a layer of cells, a separator layer between the cortex with stelae. Endodermis Anguiospermae plants contain starch, but there are no plants in the endodermis Gymnospermae.

d. Stelae / Cylinder Head Is the innermost layer of the stem. Outermost layer of the stelae called perisikel or perikambium. lkatan vessels on stelae called collateral type, which means xylem and phloem. Location of each side by side, next to xylem and phloem in the outer. Between xylem and phloem are kambium intravasikuler, parenchymal tissue in later development that exist between vessels carrying beam is also changed to kambium, called kambium intervasikuler. Both can be entered into the secondary growth that resulted in increase of stem diameter. In dicotyledonous plants, woody hard, and his chronic, secondary thickening growth is not continuous, but only when water and nutrients is enough, while in the dry season so that growth does not occur on the trunk appeared thickened growth layers, each layer shows growth activity for one year, layer upon layer of the circle is called the Circle of the Year.

Monocot stem
In monocot stems, the epidermis consists of a single cell layer, the boundary between the cortex and stelae generally unclear. In monocots have vascular bundles stelae which spread and covered the type of collateral meaning between the xylem and phloem was not found kambium. Kambium the absence monocot monocotyledon can not cause the stem grows larger, in other words not the case of secondary thickening growth. However, there are monocots which can hold a secondary thickening growth, for example on HANJUANG tree (Cordyline sp) and pineapple trees across (Agave sp).

Leaf is a modification of the stem, the plant is part of the body's most lots contain chlorophyll, so photosynthesis activity mostly takes place in leaves.

Leaf anatomical structure

1. Epidermis 2. Parenchyma / mesophyll 3. Tubes network

1. Epidermis Epidermis is the outermost layer of leaves, there is epidermal upper and lower epidermis, to prevent evaporation is too large, the epidermis layer coated by a layer of cuticle. In the epidermis terdapatstoma / mouth leaves, stoma useful venue for the exchange of gases from outside the body and plants.
2. Parenchyma / mesophyll Leaf parenchyma cells consist of two layers, namely a palisade (fence networks) and sponge (the sponge tissue), both contain kloroplast. Rail network cells were meeting sponge tissue cells rather tenuous, so there are spaces between cells. Photosynthetic activity more active on the fence because kloroplastnya network more than the sponge tissue. 3. Tubes Networks Leaf vascular tissue is a continuation of the stem tissue, bones found in the leaves and leaf veins.

Is the instant collapse of pollen on stigma clod (seed plants closed) or at the drop of pollination (open seed plants). Based on the origin of juice powder, pollination is divided into four types, namely as follows:

1) 2) 3) 4)

Pollination itself (autogami) Cross-pollinating (geitonogami) Cross pollination (atogami) Hybrid pollination

1) Pollination itself (autogami), if pollen and pistil from a single flower. Selfpollination when the flowers are still buds called kleistogami. 2) Cross-Pollination (geitonogami), if pollen and pistil from different flowers, but still in one tree. This pollination pollination disebutjuga neighbors. 3) Cross-Pollination (atogami), if pollen and pistil comes from a different tree, but still one species. 4) Pollination mongrel, if pollen and pistil derived from trees of different varieties or types.