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Anupama S Archana Jayaprakash Sivaji Gibin Babu Mahima Anil Pranav M. L Praveena Simi
Deforestation & Afforestation Conservation of Natural Resources Water Resources Management Sustainable Forestry Management & Wildlife
Defined as the reckless felling of trees by human beings for their ulterior ends. It means the reckless demolition of trees & plants.
Causes Of Deforestation
Need of land Economic gains Industrial growth Mining of quarrying Promotion of production As a govt. sponsored programme, resettlement of landless farmers forest sites. Over graying by animals.
Pictorial Representation
Pictorial Representation
Effects Of Deforestation
Soil erosion Expansion of deserts Decrease in rainfall Loss of fertile land Reduction in oxygen Rise in Carbon dioxide level Lowering of the water table Effect on climate Economic losses Loss of flora & fauna Loss of medicinal plants Migration Environmental changes
Afforestation is the process of planting trees, saplings or seeds on non-forest land. In other words, afforestation is the term used for the process of creating a forest on land where there is no forest or where no forest has existed for a long time.
Reforestation is the re-establishment of forest cover, either naturally (by natural seeding, or root suckers) or artificially (by direct seeding or planting). or Reforestation is the restocking of existing forests and woodlands which have been depleted, an effect of deforestation.
Reforestation
Mangroves
A tree or shrub that grows in muddy, chiefly tropical coastal swamps, typically having numerous tangled roots above ground that form dense thickets. Importance of Mangroves Forest (Kandal Forest)
Buffer zone between the land and sea. Protect the land from erosion. Play an invaluable role as nature's shield against cyclones, ecological disasters and as a protector of shorelines. Breeding of marine animals. Save the marine diversity, which is fast diminishing.
Mangroves
Advantages of Afforestation
It helps meet the world's increasing demands for timber and forest products. It minimizes the effect of soil erosion. Tourism is encouraged. Wildlife is preserved. Trees provide oxygen. The beauty of the landscape is preserved. It reduces desertification. It minimizes the effect of drought and Global Warming. It helps to control Acid rain. It is useful in medicinal field.
Disadvantages of Afforestation
Blanket planting spoils the natural look of the landscape. It increases fire risks.
maintain ecological balance for supporting life. To preserve different kinds of species (biodiversity).
To make the resources available for present and future generation. To ensure the survival of human race.
in the form of sacred groves/forests, sacred pools and lakes, sacred species etc.
Conservation of natural forests is known from the time of Lord Ashoka.
Continues..
Recent
Conservation of water
Conservation of biodiversity Conservation of forest & wildlife
Conservation of Biodiversity
Biodiversity is the term applied to the variety of organisms that occupy a given region. This includes all organisms that live in the region, from microscopic protists to large mammals. Threats to biodiversity include direct killing of species by hunting, contaminating the environment with toxins, and habitat loss .
India is a country of phenomenal biodiversity. It is also home to a number of grassroots environmental movements that have received attention around the world. This talk will focus upon three such movements: the Chipko Movement of UttarPradesh, the Narmada Bachao Andolan (or Save the Narmada Movement) in Gujarat and Maharashtra, and Ralegan Siddhi, a village in a drought prone region of Maharashtra that through inspired leadership and local initiative transformed their village from poverty to plenty.
IMPORTANCE
IMPORTANCE OF BIODIVERISTY: A diverse ecosystem is important. Biodiversity actually boosts ecosystem productivity where each species, no matter how small, all have an important role to play. It is this combination that enables the ecosystem to possess the ability to prevent and recover from a variety of disasters.
Management of Biodiversity
Species in Danger
Talking about some of the important species that are in danger: 1) The incredible neem
Bengal Tiger
Conservation of Soil
Soil conservation means checking soil erosion and improving soil fertility by adopting various methods.
1. Maintenance of soil fertility: The fertility can be maintained by adding manure and fertilizers regularly as well as by rotation of crop. 2. Control on grazing: Grazing should be allowed only on the areas meant for it and not on agricultural land. 3. Reforestation: Planting of trees and vegetation reduces soil erosion by both water and wind.
Conservation of Soil
4. Terracing: Dividing a slope into several flat fields to control rapid run of water.It is practised mostly in hilly areas. 5. Contour ploughing: Ploughing at right angles to the slope allows the furrows to trap water and check soil erosion by rain water
Conservation of Trees
Trees give us the oxygen we breathe, the paper we use, the fruit we eat, the shade we need from the brutal sunlight, and are essential for the survival of wildlife.
Conservation measures:
Use only recycled paper products. It takes a lot of trees to make a small amount of paper. Avoid using paper unnecessarily. For instance, printing every piece of information is not necessary.
Plant a tree. A lot of environmental agencies are giving away trees for adoption.
Don't limit conservation only to yourself and your home or office. Spread the word, and participate in tree conservation projects that happen in your locality, town or city.
WATER RESOURCES
Water is an essential resource for all life on the planet. Of the water resources on earth 3% of it is not salty and two-thirds of the freshwater is locked up in ice caps and glaciers. Of the remaining 1%, a fifth is in remote, inaccessible areas At present only about 0.08% of all the worlds fresh water is exploited by mankind for drinking, agriculture and all other purposes.
heat due to Global warming . Excessive distribution losses of water in water supply systems. High water losses in irrigation and agriculture due to over application. Industrial usage and polluting of available water resources. Most important step in water conservation Change People's Attitudes and Habits WE NEED TO CHANGE !
Prevention of encroachment into water bodies: Wetlands, paddy fields and ponds are fast vanishing special economic zones and housing colonies
the
coordinated
development
and
Its focus is from water resources development to water resources management Restructuring and strengthening existing institutions for better service delivery and resource sustainability, which balances social and economic needs, and ensures the protection of ecosystems for future generations.
We Need Integrated Water Resources Management that balances social and economic needs, and that ensures the protection of ecosystems for FUTUREGENERATION.
IT
SHOULD
START
FROM
US
Forest Principles
United Nations Conference on Environment & Development (UNCED). Rio de Janeiro in 1992.
Definition Of SFM
The stewardship & use of forests land in a way, & at a rate, that maintains their biodiversity, productivity, regeneration capacity, vitality & their potential to fulfill, now & in, the national & global levels, & that does not cause damage to other ecosystems.
Pictorial Representation
Wildlife conservation is the protection of restoration of wildlife & their environment, especially in relation of endangered & vulnerable species.
Thus we have seen the various measures to conserve and manage our valuable reserves TRY TO PRESERVE THESE..!!!