Translation As An Art

By: Fyra Putri Wani Recca Khalid

Translation? There is a lot of different opinion about translation which is evaluated by professional. The act of translating, removing, or transferring; removal; and also the act of rendering into another language.
Translators opinion: EUGENE A.NIDA a pioneer in the fields of translation theory and linguistic

 His most notable and most controversial contribution to translation theory is Dynamic Equivalence (Functional Equivalence)
also developed the "componential-analysis" technique e.g. bachelor" = male + unmarried He wrote about translation in his book; - The Theory and Practice of Translation and Towards A Science of Translating. In Towards a Science of Translating

 Translation is not only transfers what words mean in a given context

There is a certain technique which should be followed by the translators Translator should choose between dictionary meanings to a certain words which have a different meaning. e.g: word home

 Peter Newmark said the writer and translator style were not same. ~ with their writing style ~ just interprets their text only ~ meaning will deflect

 According to H Stephen Straight, translation is the skill and art. ~ role played by the right side of the brain

 The exceptional opinion is presented by Ludwig Wittgenstein ~ translating from one language into another is a mathematical task.

Translation
At the large part -translation is an art. At the small part translation is a science, craft, and skill. Considered as the art because it has a lot of option for equality meaning.

Translator must choose between dictionary meaning with dynamic meaning.

For example :
a) The meaning of held back change based on the context. - Dia menyembunyikan kebenaran. - Dia mahu menyertai mereka yang lain tetapi mereka mengasingkan diri mereka.

b) The meaning of held out change based on the context. - Bekalan makanannya cukup untuk sepuluh hari. - Dia menahan kesakitan walaupun perit.
c) The meaning of held up change based on the context. - Dia memegang gambar itu dengan tinggi supaya orang dapat melihatnya. - Kesilapan tanda menyebabkan keretapi itu lambat satu jam.

d) The meaning of charge change based on the context. 1. Dia dituduh membunuh. 2. Askar kita menyerang musuh. 3. Harganya dua puluh ringgit. 4. Dia ditugaskan menjaga akaun. 5. Dia kini mengetuai jabatan. 6. Bateri itu perlu dicas. 7. Mereka diarahkan agar tidak mengikut jadual. 8. Pembelian itu direkodkan di akaun syarikat.

 Translator : a) make choice on the meaning. dan - translatable as and. - The use of word depend on the context of the original text. b) choose between dictionary meanings to a certain words which have a different meaning. home has a lot of meaning and it depends on the context.

c) decides the way to deliver the message depends on the purpose of translating. 1. Semantic (translating to perpetuate the meaning). 2. Communication.
For example : Trespassers will be prosecuted. Unauthorized will be charged (semantic) No intrude (communication)

The linguistic approach emphasizes system or permanently the text structure. It is also has two weakness: 1) The translation text cannot be read based on the target languages. 2) The translation text is not smooth and it is stacatoo.

The sociolinguistic approach takes into the uses of languages in dynamic context and culture. For examples;
You have an apple=Vous avez une pomme @tu as une pomme Word you translatable as vous or tu. Translator should look person relationship between speaker and with people who are aim to his conversation. Vous are for the family members or people you are close and tu are for the people you no close.

The most important factor is translator personally do not translate the word with the same way although the word was same in the context.

Translator also can be translate directly. For example : Honeymoon berbulan madu Yellow culture kebudayaan kuning Cold war perang dingin Skyscraper pencakar langit Letter head kepala surat Underground - bawah tanah Overtime lebih masa Work load beban kerja

 Because of do not have a permanent syatem to translate idiom, proverb, paraphrase and noun translation are considered as the art. Beauty and logic translation depend on translator. For example : ( all passage take from the book Ilmu Pengetahuan Am which publish by Penerbitan Pustaka SKV)

English Language : The diamond piece is reputed to be the finest one on the world. It is believed that in 1304 Sultan Alaudin Khijin took possession of it from the Raja Malwa in India. This 1000 year old diamond was last worm by Queen Mother of England in 1937 at the Coronation of George VI.

Malay Language : Batu ini di anggap permata yang paling berharga di dunia. Adalah dipercayai pada tahun 1304 Sultan Alaudin Khiji telah mengambil batu permata ini dari Raja Malwa di India. Permata ini berusia 1000 tahun. Permata ini dipakai akhir sekali oleh ibu Ratu England dalam tahun 1937 sewaktu pertabalan King George VI.

Malay version edited : Berlian ini dianggap berlian yang paling tinggi mutunya di dunia. Dipercayai pada tahun 1304 Sultan Alaudin Khiji telah mengambil berlian ini daripada Raja Malwa di India. Berlian yang berusia 1000 tahun ini telah dipakai pada kali terakhir oleh ibu Ratu England pada tahun 1937 sewaktu pertabalan King George VI. The beauty translation depends on translator. Translator is clumsy when doing translation. After edited, there are a lot of things that can be changes so that the translation is good, emic his target language and accurate his meaning.

1. Diamond is more accurate than gem 2. Finest means quality not price 3. Lastly have connotation wearing it lastly (after wearing other goods) 4. At the last time at the last period

Conclusion
It is not wrong if someone thougt that the translation as science, craft, or skill. The translator they just look translation from one aspect only. the conclusion is, large partof translation is art.

 the idea of the translation process can be said scientific, there is a way that arranged systematically and effective to generate effective translationt. Joseph F Graham's opinion, which is scientific theory and artistic practice would be closely related, though clearly independent.