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Rigidity in space Gyroscope will remain in a fixed position Precession When a force applied to gyro, it will respond as if force were applied 90* in direction of rotation
Gimbal Rings
figure 5-4 gyro mounted with spin axis vertically and have free movement in all axis horizon indicator coupled to the inner gimbals to show the attitude of air plane figure 5-5 gyro mounted to the spin axis horizontally compass indicator card attached to vertical gimbals disadvantage of this type need manual heading correction use magnetic compass at level flight as reference) in commercial air craft we use large expensive gyro not too far from the center of gravity and control remote indicators in flight instrument panel
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half from dark lower half W with dot at center and horizon bar extending from the sides represent the air plane this symbol is fixed position in front of sphere figure 5-9 and figure 5-10 show the position of indicator with respect to air plane body other figure show the position of indicator with respect to pilot nose up nose down can read angle on the sphere with the center of W bank left and right can read from the top of indicator with respect to position lower triangle
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Red flag shows air or electric power is off line, thus instrument is not reliable.
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Artificial Horizon
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Manual Caging
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1. 2.
vertically by gravity sensing roll and pitch erection systems Erection system :a system maintain spin axis vertically We have two erection system Roll axis erection system pitch axis erection system Torquer: frustrated motor used to erect the spin axis Roll Erection torquing is cut off when the bank angle exceeds about 6 degree We use isolated transformer in the output to lessen possible bad effect on the three legged signal Commercial A/C never bank or pitch beyond 90
0
modules(servo amplifier), horizon ind.) Instrument module part of black box Push to test (switch on the front face of indicator.) when push the indicator. will show right wing down and nose up and the gyro warning flag appear In parked airplane this test would indicate whether the trouble is probably in vertical gyro or servo amplifier or in horizon indicator
gyro(free in all axis) is having freedom of movement in one axis The gimbals is capable of moving around x-axis but its motion limited by the spring
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Co-ordinated Turn
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(page 99)
motion of the air plane and maintain plate form parallel to the earth rotation Gyro scopic which cause the gyro gimbals to rotate about the gyro output axis and generate output signal from the gyro pick off which represent the angular displacement of the Gimbals Strap down system gyro and accelerometers are mounted to the body of the vehicle the total # of sensor in each system is twelve (6 gyro , 6 accelerometer Advantage of strap down over Gimbals system is if any sensor in Gimbals system fail the entire system useless (navigation failure) but the strap down remains operational even after three gyro and three accelerometers have failed
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DC-9
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EADI