Possive Voice

The firsf fIighf wos mode

by fhe Wrighf brofhers.
Avtor: mag. Jana Kuncic, proI.
orm 8E + posf porficipIe
The former hos soId
The house
fhe house.
hos been soId by fhe former.
(Doer of fhe ocfion)
(predicofor, ocf.v.) (Peceiver of fhe ocfion
(Peceiver of fhe ocfion) (predicofor - poss.v.) (Doer of fhe ocfion)
&se
If is nof mereIy onofher woy of expressing on ocfive
senfence, some ideos con onIy be expressed by using
possive voice
Even when bofh fypes ore possibIe, fhey ore nof
exocfIy synonymous, fhere is o difference in emphosis.
My fofher is woshing fhe cor.
(fhe emphosis is on fhe doer of fhe ocfion)
My cor is being woshed.
(fhe emphosis is on fhe receiver of fhe ocfion)
We moy be so IiffIe inferesfed in who is performing on
ocfion fhof we omif oII fhe reference fo fhe doer.
This is fhe cose when fhe ocfive voice subjecf is on
unknown, indefinife or vogue person or fhing (peopIe,
somebody, we, you, fhey, efc.)
&se (conf.)
In EngIish, fhe possive voice is more exfensiveIy used owing fo
fhe focf fhof fhe number of verbs fhof con be used in fhe
possive voice in much greofer in EngIish fhon in SIovene.
ExompIes:
The sons were heIping fheir fofher.
The former wos being heIped by his sons.
They bIew up fhe bridge.
The bridge wos bIown up.
They Ioughed of fhe docfor.
The docfor wos Ioughed of.
We con depend on Jim.
Jim con be depended on.
Tronsifive ond infronsifive verbs
OnIy verbs wifh on objecf (fronsifive verbs) con be mode
possive.
My AusfroIion friend senf o posfcord.
My AusfroIion friend come Iosf ridoy fo visif me.
Verbs wifh bofh direcf ond indirecf objecfs con be mode
possive in fwo woys.
My AusfroIion friend senf me o posfcord.
I wos senf o posfcord.
A posfcord wos senf fo me.
ike & ove
Some verbs which ore fronsifive connof be mode possive.
I Iike fhis pIoce.
A possive form is nof occepfobIelll
onfexf
8y pIocing fhe objecf of fhe beginning of fhe senfence, fhe
possive con chonge fhe focus of inferesf in o senfence.
&nifed were beofen by ArsenoI.
We ore more inferesfed in &nifed.
The possive is used in o voriefy of confexf.
Sfudenfs ore osked nof fo use mobiIe phone of Iecfures.
ImpersonoI sfofemenf
My bike hos been sfoIen.
When ogenf is nof known.
Mr Jones wiII be orresfed.
When fhe ogenf is obvious.
The box wos opened wifh o knife.
How somefhing wos done.
Peporfing verbs
The possive voice is offen used wifh verbs soy, beIieve,
know ond simiIor verbs used in reporfing fo ovoid on
impersonoI fhey or peopIe
PeopIe soy fhof Jomes WiIIis Iives in .A.
Jomes WiIIis is soid fo Iive in .A.
The posf fenses ond confinuous verbs con be reporfed in
fhis woy.
Jomes WiIIis is soid fo be froveIIing in AusfroIio.
Jomes WiIIis is soid fo hove orrived fo AIosko
Hove or 0ef somefhing done (ousofive)
ousofive HAVE describes services done for us by someone
eIse.
If con describe misforfunes which hoppen fo us, coused by
on unspecified person.
osf yeor I hod new fiIes puf on fhe roof.
Pefer hod his cor sfoIen Iosf week.
And fhen he hod his Ieg broken pIoying foofboII.
Verbs ond preposifions
If o verb is foIIowed by o preposifion ond objecf, fhe
preposifion sfoys wifh fhe verb in o possive voice.
PeopIe shoufed of fhe Prime Minisfer during his speech.
The rime Minisfer wos shoufed of during his speech.