Leadership

AISE 3803
Objectives
Analyze various definitions of leadership.
Examine myths about leadership.
Understand the importance of concepts such as
needs and motivation.
What Is Leadership?
Leadership
Are Leaders born ?
Leadership Myths
There is little knowledge about
leadership.
Some people are born leaders with
unique qualities.
Leaders defeat enemies.
Leadership is a person.
Leadership is no more than getting
others to do what you want them to do.
Leadership always involves action.
Leadership Myths
Leaders make all the group’s decision.
To lead requires election or appointment.
It is a rare skill.
Leaders control, direct, and produce.
Leadership exist only at the top (organization).
Leaders are popular, charismatic individuals.
These Are Myths Because:
Leadership is learned.
Leaders help others accomplish group goals which
need not involve an enemy.
Anyone can be a leader at any time if that person
helps the group meet its goal.
Manipulative leaders eventually arouse opposition.
Sometimes leadership involves not taking action.
What Is Leadership?
Leadership is both a process and a property.
 The process of leadership is the use of non-coercive
influence to direct and coordinate the activities of the
members of an organized group toward the
accomplishment of group objectives.
 As a property, leadership is a set of qualities or
characteristics attributed to those who are perceived to
successfully employ such characteristics (Jago, 1982).
What Is Leadership?
Leadership is a behavioral process of influencing
the activities of an individual or group to
accomplish goals in a give situation (Robertson, 1994).
Leadership is the ability to influence the activities
of others, through the process of communication,
toward the attainment of a goal.
What Is Leadership Development?
Leadership development is a systematic approach
whereby individuals are offered the opportunity to
increase their ability to influence the behavior of
members of a social group (Cusack, 1991).
What Is Leadership Style
Leadership style is the manner in which designated
leaders approach the management of the group’s
mission (Dyer & Williams, 1987)
Other Definitions
A leader is a person, who, on the whole, best lives
up to the standards or values of the group.
Leaders must help people believe in the mission,
goal, or objective.
Leaders define reality...they provide the framework
for understanding the situation.
Leaders give us a sense of mission; why we are
here and what we are doing.
A Few More....
Leaders provide a vision of what should be...where
the group is going.
Leaders need to supply us with a feeling of hope.
A feeling that the group can and will accomplish its
objectives. A strategy of hope...a plan.
Leaders have a tremendous influence on
climate...sense of competition or sense of
community, cooperation, and cohesiveness.
Determinants of Leadership
Personality
Persuasive ability
Power relation
Social situations
Individual behavior
Initiating action
Maintaining structure
Personal Qualities
Needs
Need can be defined as deficiency, imbalance,
lack of adjustment, or gap between the present
situation and a set of societal norms believed to be
more desirable.
Needs imply a gap between what ought to be and
what is in reality.
A need gives a person a feeling of deprivation, that
something is missing from his or her life, at least at
the moment.
Needs are also called motives because it moves or
motivates people to act.
Why Learn About Needs?
Aids the leader in attempting to motivate
employees.
Enhances the individual’s understanding of
yourself and others.
Common Learned Needs
Approval
Achievement
Competence
Power
The Need for Approval
To be more likely to conform to group standards.
To learn more when consistent approval is given
for correct performance than when nothing is said.
To experience difficulty acting in an independent,
self-assertive fashion because they fear
disapproval.
The Need for Achievement
The expectation of success.
The value of the outcome (rewards and incentives
to the person).
The feeling of personal responsibility for the
achievement.
The Need for Competence
Mastery of their jobs and excellence in their task
performance are important because of personal
satisfaction they derive from doing a good job.
The Need for Power
Power needs relate to a person’s desire to possess
control, authority, or influence over others.
Motivation
Motivation is the various drives within, or
environmental forces surrounding, individuals that
stimulate them to behave in a specific manner.
Summary
Several leadership definitions exist in the research.
Leadership studies help dispel leadership myths.
All individuals have needs.
Leadership and motivation are closely related.
Motivational influences are highly personal.
An understanding of motivational theories is helpful
when relating to individuals.
Leaders should guard against the tendency to
assume that the same factors will motivate all
individuals.
Evaluation
Quizzes
Group projects
Exams
LIFE!