SPEEDTRONIC MARK - V

It is an advanced version of Mark-IV, introduced by general Electric in 1991. The Speedtronic Mark-IV control & protection system is based on microcomputers. This system can be used for both single shaft & double shaft machines. Triple redundancy I.e.3 redundant computers (<R>,<S> &<T> ) is applied for the essential control & protections. A fourth non-redundant computer <C>,is used for the communication with the operator interface <I>.

MARK V - AN OVERVIEW
3 Redundant computers <R> , <S> & <T> denoted by <Q>. <C> for communication. <P> for protection. <I> for operator interface. <BOI> for backup operation.(communication via backup net) Data exchange between <R> , <S> , <T> & <C> is done by DE net. Digital inputs &outputs are transferred to the respective locations via IO net. Only one computer votes and if it fails another computer takes over immediately.

Functional description of Mark-V Arithmetic unit From field Control unit Memory To field

A/D

D/A

All the field signals are converted into digital form and then stored in the memory. The memory also contains the program for Gas turbine control & instructions of the system software. The control unit executes all the programs with the help of Arithmetic unit. The result of this digital operation is stored in the memory and then converted into analog signals.

Principle of Mark-V system

Logic inputs
Mark-V system uses Software Implemented Fault Tolerance (SIFT) technique. This means all the 3 computers individually vote all 3 corresponding logic inputs.

Logic output
Logic output value is software voted by one redundant computer (the voter). Only for the master protection system a hardware 2 out of 3 voting with relays is executed in the protection module <P>. The voted master protection signal (= trip signal) controls the power of trip relays and solenoids.

Analog values
Analog inputs are converted into digital form , processed by the processor and then converted back into analog form to actuate servos.

Principle of Mark-V
Analog I/P Digital I/P ,, A/D 2/3 A/D 2/3 A/D ,, 2/3 A/D 1/1 <T> <S> <R> 2/3 D/A 2/3 D/A 2/3 D/A 1/1 ,,
D/A

Analog O/P Digital O/P

,,

,,

<C>

,,

DE net

Mark-V system configuration

The major component of mark-V are, <I> Computer
It is the operator interface,just like personal computer (PC) with color screen.

<BOI> Module

The backup operator interface communicates via a backup net with the redundant computers <RST>.The malfunctioning of <C> or a unpowered <C> does not affect this communication.

<C> Communicator

It is a common non-redundant computer.Mainly dedicated for communication with <I> computer.Though if <C> fails the turbine can still be operated from the <BOI>and is controlled by <RST> computers.

<RST> computers

These are 3 identical redundant computers.

<P>Module This module is called protective module which acts as interface between <RST> computers and field solenoids. This module receives trip command from <RST> computers and performs 2 out of 3 voting . Then it issues trip command to field solenoids. <CD> module It is a digital I/O module of which digital input & output signals are routed to/from <C> communicator. This module provides 96 contact inputs and 60 contact outputs. <QD1> Module The digital I/O module of which the digital inputs & output signals are routed to / from <RST> computers. This module provides 96 contact inputs & 60 contact outputs . Analog inputs & outputs for <RST> are connected to terminal boards of <RST>computers

<P>Module This module is called protective module which acts as interface between <RST> computers and field solenoids. This module receives trip command from <RST> computers and performs 2 out of 3 voting . Then it issues trip command to field solenoids. <CD> module It is a digital I/O module of which digital input & output signals are routed to/from <C> communicator. This module provides 96 contact inputs and 60 contact outputs. <QD1> Module The digital I/O module of which the digital inputs & output signals are routed to / from <RST> computers. This module provides 96 contact inputs & 60 contact outputs . Analog inputs & outputs for <RST> are connected to terminal boards of <RST>computers

MARK-V System configuration

<I>

<CD>

Analog I/O

<C>

Logic Input/ output

Analog I/O

<R>

<QD>

<P>

Analog I/O Analog I/O

<S>

<T>
DE net

MARK - IV <R>

MARK - V <R> <S>

<S>

<C> <C>

<T>

<T>

Difference between Mark-IV & Mark-V

MARK - IV
There is no direct <R>, <S>,& <T> inter communication Protection functions done by <RST> computers. There is a mechanical over speed bolt trip in addition to electrical over speed trip

MARK - V
<R> , <S> <T> talk to each other

There is a special <P> computer for protection functions. No mechanical over speed trip . Instead an additional electronic trip has been provided

MARK - IV
Startup of GT cannot be performed if <C> has failed.During normal operation, however failure of <C> does not affect the GT operation. (The auxiliary display cannot be used for startup. <R>, <S> & <T> can talk to <C> independently All cards are plugged into their respective mother boards.

MARK - V
All control operations of the GT can be performed through the <BOI>. Hence even if <C> fails the GT can be started using <BOI>.

<R, <S> < T> & <C> can talk via DE net

Mother board concept is not there. All cards are interconnected via ribbon cables.

Trip / control oil low pressure trip

Master protection circuit

Normal condition Trip condition

SRV

Pressure switches A B C

Fuel trip Solenoid valve

Trip

Fuel in

To GCV

From <RST> High pressure hydraulic oil

Drain

Switch configuration

Switch A

<CIM-1> Optical isolator

HAIC <R>

HAIC <S>

To <S>

<R> Software 2/3 logic

Trip

HAIC <T>

To <T>

Switch B Switch C

From switch B Switch B <CIM-1> Optical isolator HAIC <R> HAIC <S> HAIC <T> From switch C Switch C <CIM-3> Optical isolator HIOD <C> HIOD <C> HIOD <C> To <S> To <T> <R> Software 2/3 logic Trip To <S> To <T> <R> Software 2/3 logic Trip

<RST> Controller logic + Ve A B A A B

COMMUNICATION FAILURE

COMMUNICATION FAILURE

Relay

- ve

1 to trip

0 to trip

Note: Pressure switches A, B, C are set at 1.4 Ksc. 2 out of 3 logic between A, B & C satisfies provided <C> communication link is healthy turbine will be tripped. If <C> communication link fails and only A switch fails also turbine will be tripped. The logic 1 output will be converted to logic 0 to give trip command.

Master protection circuit

Relay driver module

Relay module - 1 Start permissive Fire protection No fire

+125 V dc

P28VR
4X-1 4X-2 4X-3 4X-4

<R> <S> <T>

RD RD RD

4R 4S 4T

4R 4T 4R

4S

4X-1 4X-2

P28VR*4
4X-5

4T

4X-3 4X-4

The power supply P28VR*4 directly drives fuel trip solenoid valve 20FG If hardware 2 / 3 logic is true P28VR*4 will get de-energize.This intern de-engrosses fuel trip solenoid valve, 20FG, Which will cause final trip.