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Geomorphic Engineering

Issues For Research, And Some Awkward Questions


Devashis Chatterjee

Devashis Chatterjee

Water as resource

Water for human use comes from rivers, ponds, wells All ultimately derived from rain

Devashis Chatterjee

Devashis Chatterjee

The Water Cycle

Four questions Renewable? Sharing silt? Affect area Geomorphology involved?

Devashis Chatterjee

Renewable

Renewable or perennial? Boundary conditions of replenishment Thresholds of behaviour Decision

Devashis Chatterjee

Rivers of India

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Artificial lake

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Devashis Chatterjee

lake

?
Discharge changes Slope stays Braiding/ meandering switch Vulnerable to shift Who is affected?

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Patterns

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Braided Spiti

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Devashis Chatterjee

Braid to meander

equilibrium

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Devashis Chatterjee

Ganga bankline

Threshold
Discharge vs slope

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Colorado

water

sediment

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River changes

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Channel reduction

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Above dam

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Degradation below dams


Yellow R Sanmexia South Saskatchewan Diefenbaker
Colorado Hoover
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4.0m/ 66km
2.4 m/ 8 km 7.1 m/ 111 km

4yrs
12 yrs

14 yrs

alluviation

Flood plains are built by alluviation This happens during floods In tamer rivers of Europe and N America floods at 80% bank height in 50 years In monsoon Himalayan rivers? Indus estimate 10 m. silt in 5000 yrs.
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Response time

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Devashis Chatterjee

Delta dynamics

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Brahmaputra

Nile Delta

Accretion stopped after Delta Barrage 1868 Western side of Rosetta promontory retreated 6 km 1900-1991 Before Aswan rate of retreat 20m/yr By 1991 rate was 240m/yr From 1984-2001 120 m/yr
Devashis Chatterjee

IGCP 475
Conceptual model for the behaviour of lowlatitude, high-load Monsoon Asia Pacific rivers and deltas (compared to better-studied 'type' systems from North America and Europe) Better constraints on sediments fluxes to Asian margins and the world ocean Capacitybuilding and scientific advancement for developing nations of the region Identify future threats and possible mitigation of geohazards in deltaic setting
Devashis Chatterjee

delta

Devashis Chatterjee

Impact Analysis

Concerned with biota Effects of process modification would cascade Area affected is defined by river basin, not measurable in kilometres Cost/Benefit is asymmetric

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Research ideas

Lessons of experience Monitoring of geomorphic change Network of information Application of new tools of
observation analysis

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Information

Not available in the public domain Restrictions on topographic data Red tape on river, climate and other thematic data No window Bigger budget, more hurry

Devashis Chatterjee

Geomorphologists

Whether from geology or geography approach Have these as low priority Role of academics Role of professional agencies Still talking only to each other

Devashis Chatterjee

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