Problem Solving Approach

Problem Solving Approach

TQM (Total Quality Management)

TQM is an integrated organizational approach in delighting Customers (both external and internal) by meeting their expectations on continuous basis through every one involved with working on continuous improvement in all products / processes along with proper problem solving methodology / Approach

Problem Solving Approach TQM Key Concepts Continuous Improvements - PDCA

Problem Solving Approach Steps to be followed for problem solving.

Identification of problem Selection of problem Define the problem Analyze the problem Identification of causes Finding out the root cause Data Analysis

Problem Solving Approach

Developing /obtaining the solution Anticipated / probable resistance Trial implementation / check performance Regular implementation Follow-up and review

Problem Solving Approach Different Models used for problem solving Analogy
arrived from Greek word - analogia - proportion Analogy plays a significant role in problem solving ,decision making , perception , memory , creativity ,emotion ,explanation and communication

Problem Solving Approach

Kepner-Tregoe ( KT process) Kepner-Tregoe Inc. a multinational company which provides consulting services for problem solving .The company was founded in 1958 by Dr. Charles Kepner and Dr. Benjamin Tregoe . This is based on rational process Technique. This involves following steps Situation Appraisal Problem Analysis Project management

Problem Solving Approach Brainstorming

1. It is Group creativity Technique to generate large no. of ideas for solution of the problem. 2. In 1953 method was popularized by Alex Faickney Osborn in the book called Applied Imagination 3. Ground Rules Focus on Quantity Withhold Criticism welcome Unusual idea Combine and improve ideas

Problem Solving Approach GROW Model

Technique for problem solving was developed in UK by Graham Alexander, Alan Fine and Sir John Whitmore and used in Corporate coaching market in late 1980s and 1990s G R O W GOAL Reality Obstacles Options Way Forward

Problem Solving Approach RPR Problem Diagnosis

RPR (Rapid Problem Resolution) specifically designed to determine the Root Cause of IT problems . Core Process 1. Discover 2. Investigate 3. Fix Supporting Techniques

Problem Solving Approach Techniques / Tools Used For Problem Solving

1. Flow Diagram 2. Brainstorming 3. Data Collection 4. Graphs 5. Stratification 6. Cause and effect Diagram Ishikawa Diagram 7. Pareto Diagram Analysis

Problem Solving Approach What is Flow Diagram

Flow Diagram is a graphical or pictorial representation to show the process sequence to understand ,analyze and replan for making required changes .

Standard Symbols used are

Activity Symbol

Problem Solving Approach

Decision Symbol

Terminal Symbol

Document Symbol

Problem Solving Approach

Data Base Symbol

Flow Lines

Connector

Problem Solving Approach Brainstorming

Methodology

Problem Solving Approach

Process of conducting Brain storming

Problem Solving Approach Data Collection

1. Collection of data to evaluate magnitude of problem (Check sheets ,etc.) 2. Classification of data in terms of various purpose 3. Analysis of Data 4. Interpretation and action plan

Problem Solving Approach Graphs

Types of Graphs 1. Line Graphs 2. Bar Graphs 3. Circle / Pie Charts 4. Pictorial graphs

Important points
Simple Drawn on paper / Grids

Problem Solving Approach

Should have Title , Date and other information Use of Colour code if required Appropriate Scale

Problem Solving Approach Stratification

Stratification is the process of separation / segregation/classification of Data into categories contributing to the problem which is to be tackled.

Steps of Stratification
1. Clarity of the Problem 2. Selection of Variables 3. Collection of data / information

Problem Solving Approach Cause and effect Diagram Ishikawa Diagram

It is graphical representation showing relationship of all possible causes grouped under major causes and their resultant effect in the form of problem defined in the square box at extreme right. Because of Its appearance and similarity with Fish skeleton, it is also termed as Fish Bone Diagram Dr.Kaoru Ishikawa first developed this technique in 1953 and hence it is also called as Ishikawa Diagram.

Problem Solving Approach

Cause and effect Diagram - Ishikawa Diagram - Fish Bone Diagram
MAN MATERIAL
-

Proble m (Effect)

. -

MACHINE

PROCESS

METHOD

Problem Solving Approach

For preparing Cause and Effect Diagram , Brainstorming and Why chain theory is useful . Ask Why to effect or Problem ,you get main cause and further go on asking why to every main or sub causes so you will get the Root cause All such main causes and sub causes can be represented by arrow and cause and effect diagram is obtained CED is most effectively used to prepare action plan and deciding line of action .

Problem Solving Approach

RCA OF HIGHER % OF 1.05 RRT IN ETHOPROPHOS ( TECH.)
MAN MATERIAL
ETHANOL QUALITY GC - MS ETHO PERSONAL ERROR EEDC QUALITY QUALITY OF RM NPROPYL MERCAPTAN, REC & DIST.
HIGHER % 0F 1.05 RRT IN ETHO.

( INTIGRATION )

DILUTION OF IS PERKIN E.GC . AGILENT GC DB 5 COLUMN

PID EXP. MACHINE PROCESS METHOD

DB -

1 COLUMN

Problem Solving Approach Pareto Diagram Pareto Analysis

Arranging the classified / stratified data according to Priority in descending order. This helps for selection of problem This technique is named after Italian Economist Vilfredo Pareto (1848-1923) who studied distribution of wealth in Italy in 1897,and observed that 80 % wealth was in the hands of 20 % population .

Problem Solving Approach Benefits of Pareto analysis

1. Helps to focus on those few vital problems identified by prioritization to achieve maximum benefit 2. Pareto analysis is also useful to identify the root cause of Problem 3. It helps us to check the performance of remedy

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