DEPARTMENT OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION

ANDHRA PRADESH

Name of the Staff Member : S.PADMA

Designation : Lecturer
Branch : D.C.C.P
Institute : SGMGPT, Abdullahpurmet
Year/Semester : III Semester
Subject : Quantitative Techniques-I
Subject Code : CCP-303
Topic : ARITHMETIC MEAN (A.M.)
Sub-Topic : Calculation of A.M.
Presentation Duration : 50 Minutes
Teaching Aids used : PPT and Animations

CCP303.19 1
 Objectives
On completion of this period, you would be
able to:
 Calculate Arithmetic Mean
 Under Continuous Series
 Direct method

CCP303.19 2
 Recap

 Individual Series is a series where items are listed

singly after observation
x
 Arithmetic Mean – Direct method = N

A
 d
 Arithmetic Mean – Short-cut Method = N

CCP303.19 3
Recap contd:

 Discrete Series is a series where items are arranged

in groups showing definite breaks from one point
to another
x
 Arithmetic Mean – Direct method = N
 Arithmetic Mean – Short-cut Method = A
d
N

CCP303.19 4
Continuous Series:

 Items arranged in groups or classes

 In a continuous form
 A wide range of data can be interpreted
 Ex: 0-5, 5-10, 10-20…

CCP303.19 5
New terms in Continuous Series:
 Class Limits:
The lowest and the highest values in the class
Ex: Take the class 20-40, the lowest value of
class is 20 and the highest is 40

 Class Intervals:
The difference between upper and lower limit of
a class
Ex: In the class 100-200, the class interval is
100 (i.e. 200 minus 100)

CCP303.19 6
New terms in Continuous Series:

 Class frequency:
The number of observations corresponding to a
particular class
 Class Mid-Point:
The value lying half-way between the lower and
upper class limits of a class-interval
 Mid-Point = Upper Limit + Lower Limit
2

CCP303.19 7
Classification of data in continuous
series:
Two methods of classifying the data according
to class intervals are:
(i) Exclusive method
(ii) Inclusive method

CCP303.19 8
(1) Exclusive Method:

 Class intervals are fixed

 Upper limit of one class is the lower limit of next
class
Ex: Classes 0-10, 10-20, 20-30 and so on

CCP303.19 9
(2) Inclusive Method:

 Upper limit of one class is included in that

class
 Change inclusive classes into exclusive
classes for solving problem

Ex: Classes 0-9, 10-19, 20-29……

CCP303.19 10
Continuous Series

Methods of Calculation of A.M. in

Continuous series:
 Direct Method
 Short-cut Method
 Step Deviation Method

CCP303.19 11
Calculation of Arithmetic Mean
Continuous Series
i) Direct Method
Steps:
 Obtain the mid-point of each class and denote it
by ‘ m ‘
 Multiply these mid-points by respective frequency
of each class
 Obtain the total i.e. ∑fm
 Divide the total by number of observations i.e.
∑fm/N

CCP303.19 12
Continuous Series – Direct method
Formula
X or A.M. =
 fm
N
Where
X = Arithmetic mean
f = frequency
m = mid-point
∑fm = Sum of products of the frequencies and
the mid-points
N = Number of observations i.e. total frequency

CCP303.19 13
Example 1:
Find the Arithmetic Mean for the following frequency
distribution by direct method.

Marks 0-10 10-20 20-30 30-40 40-50 50-60

No of 10 20 50 60 40 20
students

Note: This is exclusive series and no need to change

classes
CCP303.19 14
 Solution to Ex.1:
Let the marks be denoted by X and the number
of students by f
CALCULATION OF ARITHMETIC MEAN

Marks No of Midpoints (m) Fm

0-10 students(f)
10 5 50
10-20 20 15 300
20-30 50 25 1250
30-40 60 35 2100
40-50 40 45 1800
50-60 20 55 1100
N=200 ∑fm = 6600

CCP303.19 15
Solution Contd
A.M. = ∑fm
N
Substituting values in formula,
∑fm = 6600 and N = 200, then

A.M. = 6600
200
= 33
A.M. = 33 marks

CCP303.19 16
Example 2:

From the following data compute

Arithmetic Mean from by direct method:

Marks 0-10 10-20 20-30 30-40 40-50 50-60

No of students 5 20 25 30 20 10

Note: this is also an exclusive series

CCP303.19 17
Solution to Ex. 2:
Let the marks be denoted by X and the
number of students by f
CALCULATION OF ARITHMETIC MEAN
Marks(x) No of Mid Fm
students(f) points(m)
0-10 5 5 25
10-20 20 15 300
20-30 25 25 625
30-40 30 35 1050
40-50 20 45 900
50-60 10 55 550
N=110
∑fm = 3450
CCP303.19 18
Solution Contd
A.M. = ∑fm
N
Substituting given values in formula,
∑fm = 3450 and N = 110, then

A.M. = 3450
110
= 31.3636
A.M. = 31.36 or 31marks

CCP303.19 19
Important Points to Remember

 In a continuous series, the total number of

observations i.e. N = sum of frequency or N = ∑f

 Mid-point = lower limit + upper limit

CCP303.19 20
Summary

 Continuous Series is a series where items are

arranged in groups or classes continuously
 fm
 Arithmetic Mean – Direct method = N

 Class Limits: The lowest and Highest values of

the class
 Class interval: The difference between upper and
lower limit of a class

CCP303.19 21
Quiz

1. The mid-point of the class 1-10 is:

(a) 1
(b) 10
(c) 9
(d) 5.5

CCP303.19 22
Quiz
1. 1-10, 11-20, 21-30,…..are the classes. The
lower limit of the class 11-20 is

(a) 11
(b) 10
(c) 20
(d) 10.5

CCP303.19 23
 Quiz

1. In a frequency distribution with class 1-8,

9-16, 17-24…the class interval is

(a) 8

(b) 9

(c) 7

(d) 3

CCP303.19 24
 Quiz
4. In a frequency distribution the mid value of
class is 35 and the lower boundary is 30. Then
its upper boundary is

(a) 35

(b) 30

(c) 40

(d) 45

CCP303.19 25
Quiz

1. Mid value is also called

c) Mid point
d) Mid point /2
e) Mid point x 2
f) None of above

CCP303.19 26
Assignment
1. Calculate arithmetic average of the
following data by direct method:
Marks No. of students

0-10 33
10-20 53
20-30 108
30-40 221
40-50 153
50-60 322

60-70 439
70-80 526
80-90 495
90-100 50
CCP303.19 27
 Frequently Asked Queries
1. From the data given below compute mean by direct
method
Marks No of students
0-10 6
10-20 8
20-30 4
30-40 16
40-50 24
50-60 22
60-70 14
70-80 6

CCP303.19 28