DEPARTMENT OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION

ANDHRA PRADESH
Name : B.Mamatha.
Designation : Lecturer.
Branch : Electronics & Communication Engg.
Institute : Smt.B.SeethaPolytechnic.
Year / Sem : 1st year.
Subject : Electronic components and Devices.
Subject Code : EC-105.
Topic : Microphones and Loudspeakers.
Duration : 50 min.
Sub Topic : principle of magnetic headphones and
working of magnetic headphones.
Teaching aids : Diagrams, photographs and animation.
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OBJECTIVES:

On completion of this period, you would able to

understand :

• Principle of Magnetic Headphones.

• Construction of Magnetic Headphones.
• Working of Magnetic Headphones.

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Recap

• Microphone is an electronic component which converts

sound energy into electrical energy.

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Head Phones

• These are miniature loud speakers enclosed in small

housing designated to be worn on head or in ear.

• These are output devices used to convert electrical signals

into sound signals.

• These headphones provides low intensity and high quality of

sound.

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HEAD PHONES

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ADVANTAGES:

• The advantages of these ear phones are

1. Privacy.

2. Freedom from the effect of room acoustics.

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TYPES OF HEAD PHONES

• There are two types of head phones.

1) Electro magnetic head phones.

2) Crystal head phones.

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Magnetic Head Phones

PRINCIPLE

• It works on electromagnetic principle that is converting

electrical energy in to mechanical energy (sound).

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Construction

• It consists of a permanent magnet, voice coil and

diaphragm.

• It has U-shaped magnet connected to two pole pieces N

& S used as coils c1 and c2 wounded with insulated
copper wire.

• These coils are connected in series so that the same

current passes through each coil.

• A thin, soft diaphragm made up of iron is placed just

above poles with a gap, not more than 0.015 inches.

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MAGNETIC HEAD PHONE
ridge

coils

lead
lead

Curved permanent magnet

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Working

• When an AC signal is given to the coils the diaphragm

vibrates either reaching near the poles or away from the
poles.

• Due to the vibration in the diaphragm, the air particles

also vibrate and therefore sound is produced.

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MAGNETIC HAEDPHONES

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DIFFERENT TYPES OF MAGNETIC
HEADPHONES

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Application

• Used in

• Telephone exchanges.
• Aero plane equipment.
• Sound recording equipment .
• Medical electronic equipment.
• Communication receivers.
• Tape recorders.

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SUMMARY
• Head phone or ear phone are miniature loud speakers
enclosed in a small housing to be worn on head.

• The magnetic head phone consists of an U-shaped magnet

which is connected to North and South poles.

• The poles themselves act as core on which copper coils are

wounded in series, so that the same current passes through
those coils.

• When AC signal is given to coils the diaphragm also vibrates

according to which sound waves can be obtained.

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Quiz

• Advantages of Headphone or ear phone are.

a) Privacy.
b) Freedom from the effect of room acoustics.
c) easy to use.
d) All the above.

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• Magnetic headphones works on the principle of

a) Electro magnetic induction.

b) Piezo electric effect.
c) Electro magnetic conduction.
d) Electro static induction.

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• Magnetic head phones consists of

a) Diaphragm.
b) Coil.
c) Permanent magnet.
d) All the above.

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• Diaphragm in magnetic head phones made up
of

a) aluminium.
b) copper.
c) iron.
d) duralumin.

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Frequently asked Questions

• What are the advantages of Head phone or ear phone?

• Explain construction, working of magnetic head phones.

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