STATE BOARD OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION AND

TRAININ ANDHRA PRADESH

Name of the faculty : T.Madhavi Kumari

Designation : Lecturer
Branch : Electronics & Communication Engg..
Institute : Govt. Polytechnic ,Vijayawada
Semester : III Semester
Subject : Electronics –I
Subject Code : EE-305
Topic : Introduction to Amplifiers
Duration : 50 Minutes
Sub Topic : 5.3 Types of Biasing Methods
Fixed Biasing
Teaching aids : PPT, visuals

EE-305.59 1
 Recap

• Already we discussed about the

• Proper selection of “Q” point

• Bias stabilization

• Stability factors

• Expression for stability factor

EE-305.59 2
 Objectives

After the completion of the period student will be able

to know
• Different methods of transistor biasing circuits

• Describe the Base resistor method

Circuit analysis
Stabilization
Advantages
Disadvantages

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 Biasing circuit

• Proper flow of zero signal IC and the maintenance

of proper VCE during the passage of signal is known as
transistor biasing

• This can be achieved with a bias battery or associated

circuit with a transistor

• Circuit used with transistor is known as biasing circuit

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Desired features of biasing circuits
• To establish conveniently the operating point in the middle
of the active region of the characteristics

• Proper zero signal collector current

• VCE does not fall below

0.5V for Ge transistors
1 V for Si transistors at any instant

• To make the“Q”point independent of transistor

parameters

• To stabilize the IC against temperature variations

EE-305.59 5
Methods of transistor biasing

2. Base resistor method (Fixed bias)

4. Collector to Base bias

(Base bias with collector bias)

3. Voltage divider bias (Self bias )

EE-305.59 6
Base resistor method (Fixed Bias)

• Apply KVL to ABENA

loop

IB I
c
• VCC=IBRB+VBE

IB
• IBRB=VCC-VBE

VCC - VBE
RB =
IB

Fig 1 circuit diagram of base resistor

method
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Why the name fixed bias?

VCC - VBE
RB =
IB VBE« VCC

• RB=VCC/IB

• VCC is a fixed quantity

• IB is chosen at some suitable value

EE-305.59 8
Expression for Stability factor:

S=
β+1
d IB
1−β( )
d IC

VCC - VBE
For fixed bias IB =
RB
d IB
=0
d IC
• IB is independent of IC
EE-305.59 9
 S=β+1

• IC changes (β +1) times as much as any change in ICO

Ex : If β =100 then S=101

• Poor Thermal stability

EE-305.59 10
 Leads to
thermal
runaway Stabilisation

ICBO
ICBO
T T T ICEO ICEO

IC
IC
EE-305.59 11
Advantages

• Biasing circuit is very simple as only one resistance RB

is required.

• Biasing conditions can only be set and the calculations

are simple.

• There is no loading of the source by the biasing circuit

since no resistor is employed across base emitter
junction

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 Disadvantages

• Poor stabilization
S = β +1
• IC depends on β

IC= β IB, VCE = VCC-ICRC

If β changes, operating point will shift

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Summary

We have discussed about

• Types of different biasing methods

• Circuit analysis of fixed bias

• Advantages and disadvantages of fixed bias

EE-305.59 14
 QUIZ

1. Stability factor S in fixed bias CE amplifier is given by

(a) β

(b) β+1

(c) 1/β

(d) 1/(β+1)

EE-305.59 15
 QUIZ

1. An ideal value of stability factor is

(a) 100

(b) 200

(c) more than 100

(d) 1

EE-305.59 16
 Frequently asked questions

1. List the different methods of transistor biasing circuits.

3. Draw the fixed bias circuit and describe the operating point.

5. Define Stability factor and obtain an expression for a fixed

bias circuit.

7. List the advantages and disadvantages of fixed bias method.

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