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STATE BOARD OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION AND

TRAININ ANDHRA PRADESH

Name of the faculty : T.Madhavi Kumari


Designation : Lecturer
Branch : Electronics & Communication Engg
Institute : Govt.Polytechnic ,Vijayawada
Semester : III Semester
Subject : Electronics –I
Subject Code : EE-305
Topic : Small Signal Amplifiers
Duration : 50 Minutes
Sub Topic : Single stage transistor amplifier
Teaching aids : PPT, Animations, Waveforms

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Recap

• Already we discussed about the

• Classification of amplifiers

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Objectives

After the completion of this topic the student will


be able to know

• Draw the practical transistor CE amplifier

• Understand the function of each component

• Concept of phase reversal

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Practical transistor Amplifier
+VCC

RC 0
R1 ic CC

Cin
RL
INPUT
ie
SIGNAL
R2
RE CE
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Biasing circuit( R1 ,R2,RE)

• R1 and R2 provides biasing

• RE provides stabilization

• It establishes a proper operating point

• If not used What will happen?

• A Negative half cycle of the signal will be clipped off.

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Input capacitor (C in)

• Used to couple an a.c. signal to the base of the transistor

with out disturbing its Q point

• Electrolytic capacitors are used

• If not used ,what will happen?

• The signal source resistance will come across R2 and thus


change the bias

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Emitter bypass capacitor (CE)

• Used to create an a.c. ground to the emitter.

• Provides low reactance path to the amplified signal

• Good bypassing means XC<0.1 RE at the lowest frequency of


the a.c. source

• If not used ,what will happen?

• Amplified a.c. signal flowing through RE will cause a


voltage drop across it which reduces the output voltage

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Coupling capacitor (CC)

• Used to couple the output of one stage to the input of next stage

• Isolates the d.c. of one stage from the next stage

• Allows the passage of a.c. signal

• If not used, what will happen?

• RC will come in parallel with the upper resistance R1 of the


biasing network of the next stage ,there by altering the biasing
conditions of the latter
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B

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Phase reversal
10
Vs
mV Input
0

­10
0 1 2 3 mS
1.6
Vo
V
0 Output

­1.6
0 1 2 3 mS
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Common Emitter Amplifier
+30 V
2.96Vpp Vo
•Ex: 6.8 kΩ 3.3 kΩ +16.53 V 2.96Vpp
17.32mVpp 0
+3.84 V

0 2.7 kΩ
100Ω +3.13 V
VS
1kHz;
20mVpp 1 kΩ 1 kΩ

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Summary

We have discussed about

• Function of each component of practical transistor


amplifier

• Phase reversal

• Output waveforms with an example

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QUIZ

1. The purpose of capacitor s in a transistor amplifier is ?

(a) Protect the transistor

(b) Cool the transistor

(c) Couple or bypass a.c. component

(d) Provide biasing

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2. The phase difference between the input and output voltages
of a CE amplifier is ?

(a) 180o

(b) 0o

(C) 90o

(d) 270o

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Frequently Asked Questions

1. Draw the circuit diagram of a practical single stage


transistor CE amplifier. Explain the function of each
component.

2 . What is meant by phase reversal?

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